{"schema_version":1,"layer":"air","reviewed_on":"2026-10-28","coverage_note":"Generator counts documented in selected permits, not a complete state or national count. A construction or operation permit does not prove equipment installation, operating hours, measured emissions or a data center opening.","items":[{"id":"air-md-digital-drive-20260325","kind":"generator_permit","state_codes":["md"],"subject":"Amazon Data Services, 3250 Digital Drive, Frederick","scope":"One exact campus address. Hearing school addresses are excluded. Permit approval does not establish an opening or actual emissions.","fields":{"status":{"value":"permitted","source_ids":["md-permit"],"scope":"Outcome described in the cited source. Later outcomes are not inferred.","locator":"Heading, history or disposition"},"effective_on":{"value":"2026-03-25","source_ids":["md-permit"],"scope":"Permit to construct effective date.","locator":"Page 1, final determination"},"fuel":{"value":"Diesel","source_ids":["md-permit"],"scope":"Permitted fuel.","locator":"Page 1, equipment list"},"generator_count":{"value":99,"source_ids":["md-permit"],"scope":"92 plus 6 plus 1 permitted generators at this campus. A documentation count, not installed equipment.","locator":"Page 1, equipment list","unit":"generators","measurement_role":"permitted_equipment"},"equipment_scope":{"value":"92 units rated 2,750 kW each, six rated 750 kW each, one rated 250 kW.","source_ids":["md-permit"],"scope":"Equipment nameplate ratings, not grid demand. No MW total is calculated.","locator":"Page 1, equipment list"},"permit_identifier":{"value":null,"source_ids":["md-permit"],"scope":"This determination is retained by exact subject and effective date; permit number not established in this review.","locator":"Final determination","unknown_reason":"This determination is retained by exact subject and effective date; permit number not established in this review."},"measured_emissions":{"value":null,"source_ids":["md-permit"],"scope":"No measured emissions or operating hours admitted.","locator":"Review scope","unknown_reason":"No measured emissions or operating hours admitted."},"atlas_record_id":{"value":null,"source_ids":["md-permit"],"scope":"No existing Atlas building or campus record has been independently joined to this permit.","locator":"Identity review hold","unknown_reason":"No existing Atlas building or campus record has been independently joined to this permit."},"restrictions":{"value":"Emergency backup, testing and maintenance only. Primary power and demand response use are prohibited.","source_ids":["md-air"],"scope":"Agency summary of permit restrictions. No operating compliance conclusion.","locator":"Permit terms paragraph"}}},{"id":"air-md-aligned-frederick-20250130","kind":"generator_permit","subject":"Aligned Frederick campus, Manor Woods Road","state_codes":["md"],"scope":"One dated premises permit covers four buildings and 172 emergency generators. Documentation of permitted equipment does not establish installation or operation.","fields":{"status":{"value":"permitted","source_ids":["md-aligned-final-permit-2025","md-aligned-final-determination-2025"],"scope":"Issued construction authorization, not observed operation or a current unamended operating permit.","locator":"Transmittal; signed printed page 1; final determination part III"},"issued_on":{"value":"2025-01-30","source_ids":["md-aligned-final-permit-2025"],"scope":"Stamped permit issuance, not the PDF metadata creation day, installation or opening.","locator":"Transmittal stamp and printed page 1"},"permit_identifier":{"value":"Control B-07819; premises 021-0805; AI 183419","source_ids":["md-aligned-final-permit-2025"],"scope":"Separate unit registration numbers are listed on printed pages 2 and 3. Control number is not one universal unit registration.","locator":"Permit cover and equipment inventory"},"facility_address":{"value":"5601 Manor Woods Road, Frederick, Maryland 21703, Frederick County","source_ids":["md-aligned-final-permit-2025","md-aligned-final-determination-2025"],"scope":"Campus address, distinct from the Plano mailing address and the school used for the public meeting.","locator":"Transmittal, permit cover and determination introduction"},"generator_count":{"value":172,"source_ids":["md-aligned-final-permit-2025"],"scope":"Combined permitted inventory across four buildings: 168 larger units plus four smaller units. Not an installed count, 168 total, 172 per building or a complete Maryland census.","locator":"Transmittal; printed pages 1 through 3","unit":"generators","measurement_role":"permitted_equipment"},"equipment_scope":{"value":"Four buildings each list 42 diesel emergency generators rated at 3,000 kW and one rated at 1,000 kW. The larger unit group totals 168 and the smaller group totals four.","source_ids":["md-aligned-final-permit-2025"],"scope":"Permitted equipment ratings are not data center electrical load or measured power generation.","locator":"Printed pages 2 and 3 equipment inventory"},"generation_role":{"value":"Emergency backup generation with specified maintenance, readiness testing and limited nonemergency conditions.","source_ids":["md-aligned-final-permit-2025"],"scope":"No primary power or grid export operation inferred.","locator":"Printed page 10 part D2(4)"},"fuel":{"value":"Diesel with sulfur no greater than 15 ppm, and either cetane index at least 40 or aromatic content no greater than 35 volume percent.","source_ids":["md-aligned-final-permit-2025"],"scope":"Fuel specification, not measured fuel purchases or consumption.","locator":"Printed page 10 part D2(3)"},"control_requirements":{"value":"Each of the 168 larger generators requires an SCR device designed for at least 93 percent NOx control efficiency.","source_ids":["md-aligned-final-permit-2025"],"scope":"Design and operating requirements, not measured control performance. Smaller units have separate requirements.","locator":"Printed page 8 part C(3); printed page 12 control device conditions"},"temporary_operating_authority":{"value":"The construction permit also allows temporary operation for up to 180 days after the first authorized generator starts. An initial state operating permit application is due at least 60 days before that temporary period expires.","source_ids":["md-aligned-final-permit-2025"],"scope":"The clock depends on actual first operation, not the January 30 issue date. Actual start and calendar expiration are unknown here.","locator":"Transmittal; printed pages 1 and 9 part D1(2) and (3)"},"federal_operating_limits":{"value":"The federal maintenance and readiness allowance is 100 hours per calendar year, with specified additional testing provisions. Up to 50 nonemergency hours are included within that allowance and cannot serve peak shaving, demand response or financial power supply arrangements.","source_ids":["md-aligned-final-permit-2025"],"scope":"Included within 100 hours, not an additional 50. More stringent premises testing conditions also apply. No actual annual operating hours admitted.","locator":"Printed page 10 part D2(4)"},"premises_testing_conditions":{"value":"Per generator over a rolling 12 months, the table lists three readiness hours, two preventative maintenance hours, one load test hour, two UPS test hours and two additional use hours, with specified frequencies and loads.","source_ids":["md-aligned-final-permit-2025"],"scope":"These are separate category limits. Other limits require a demonstration satisfactory to the Department that NOx remains below 25 tons per rolling 12 months. The general 100 hour allowance does not replace these conditions.","locator":"Printed pages 11 and 12 part D3(3) and testing table"},"emission_ceiling":{"value":"Premises NOx emissions must remain less than 25 tons in any rolling 12 months.","source_ids":["md-aligned-final-permit-2025"],"scope":"A strict permit ceiling, not 25 tons measured emissions or an impact finding.","locator":"Printed page 11 part D3(1)"},"fuel_usage_limits":{"value":"Rolling 12 month group limits are less than 261,250 gallons for larger generators using SCR, and less than 85,500 gallons combined for larger generators without SCR and the smaller generators.","source_ids":["md-aligned-final-permit-2025"],"scope":"Higher fuel usage requires a demonstration satisfactory to the Department that NOx remains below 25 tons. Distinct conditional group limits, not actual fuel consumption or a new combined allowance.","locator":"Printed page 11 part D3(2)"},"installation_schedule":{"value":"The inventory lists expected installation through operation periods progressing from 2024 to 2026 for building 1, through 2027 to 2029 for building 4.","source_ids":["md-aligned-final-permit-2025"],"scope":"Historical expectations in the permit, not evidence that any stage is complete or that 2029 operation will occur.","locator":"Printed pages 2 and 3 expected operation column"},"actual_started_on":{"value":null,"source_ids":["md-aligned-final-permit-2025"],"scope":"No actual generator startup, operating hours or facility opening established.","locator":"Review boundary","unknown_reason":"No actual generator startup, operating hours or facility opening established."},"measured_emissions":{"value":null,"source_ids":["md-aligned-final-permit-2025"],"scope":"No actual emissions, measured control performance, fuel consumption or compliance outcome admitted.","locator":"Review boundary","unknown_reason":"No actual emissions, measured control performance, fuel consumption or compliance outcome admitted."},"atlas_record_id":{"value":null,"source_ids":["md-aligned-final-permit-2025"],"scope":"The multi building permit scope has not been independently joined to one exact Atlas building or parcel.","locator":"Identity hold","unknown_reason":"The multi building permit scope has not been independently joined to one exact Atlas building or parcel."},"later_amendments":{"value":null,"source_ids":["md-aligned-final-permit-2025"],"scope":"Later construction amendments, initial operating permits, appeals and current compliance outcomes require separate review.","locator":"Dated source scope","unknown_reason":"Later construction amendments, initial operating permits, appeals and current compliance outcomes require separate review."}}},{"id":"air-egrid-state-2023-md","subject":"Maryland historical2023 electricity-generation emissions","kind":"emissions_context","state_codes":["md"],"scope":"EPA eGRID2023 revision2 state electricity-generation emissions context,ST23 worksheet. Historical2023,not current2026 conditions or data center facility emissions. Annual NOx,SO2 andCO2 totals in source tons are distinct from source-reported total output rates in lb/MWh;CO2 is not CO2 equivalent. Annual net generation is MWh,not installed capacity or customer use. Rates are not marginal emissions,ambient concentrations,health effects or emissions factors allocated to a data center. No tons-to-tonnes conversion,rate recomputation,facility join or causal data center inference. State generation context does not establish the mix delivered to consumers. Puerto Rico source row is outside this51state/DC review,not absence.","fields":{"status":{"value":"historical","source_ids":["epa-egrid2023-states-rev2"],"scope":"EPA eGRID2023 revision2 state electricity-generation emissions context,ST23 worksheet. Historical2023,not current2026 conditions or data center facility emissions. Annual NOx,SO2 andCO2 totals in source tons are distinct from source-reported total output rates in lb/MWh;CO2 is not CO2 equivalent. Annual net generation is MWh,not installed capacity or customer use. Rates are not marginal emissions,ambient concentrations,health effects or emissions factors allocated to a data center. No tons-to-tonnes conversion,rate recomputation,facility join or causal data center inference. State generation context does not establish the mix delivered to consumers. Puerto Rico source row is outside this51state/DC review,not absence.","locator":"ST23 Data Year column"},"egrid_report_year":{"value":"2023","source_ids":["epa-egrid2023-states-rev2"],"scope":"EPA eGRID2023 revision2 state electricity-generation emissions context,ST23 worksheet. Historical2023,not current2026 conditions or data center facility emissions. Annual NOx,SO2 andCO2 totals in source tons are distinct from source-reported total output rates in lb/MWh;CO2 is not CO2 equivalent. Annual net generation is MWh,not installed capacity or customer use. Rates are not marginal emissions,ambient concentrations,health effects or emissions factors allocated to a data center. No tons-to-tonnes conversion,rate recomputation,facility join or causal data center inference. State generation context does not establish the mix delivered to consumers. Puerto Rico source row is outside this51state/DC review,not absence.","locator":"ST23 YEAR column"},"egrid_state_fips":{"value":"24","source_ids":["epa-egrid2023-states-rev2"],"scope":"EPA eGRID2023 revision2 state electricity-generation emissions context,ST23 worksheet. Historical2023,not current2026 conditions or data center facility emissions. Annual NOx,SO2 andCO2 totals in source tons are distinct from source-reported total output rates in lb/MWh;CO2 is not CO2 equivalent. Annual net generation is MWh,not installed capacity or customer use. Rates are not marginal emissions,ambient concentrations,health effects or emissions factors allocated to a data center. No tons-to-tonnes conversion,rate recomputation,facility join or causal data center inference. State generation context does not establish the mix delivered to consumers. Puerto Rico source row is outside this51state/DC review,not absence.","locator":"ST23 FIPSST column"},"egrid_state_basis":{"value":"EPA eGRID2023 revision2 state electricity-generation emissions context,ST23 worksheet. Historical2023,not current2026 conditions or data center facility emissions. Annual NOx,SO2 andCO2 totals in source tons are distinct from source-reported total output rates in lb/MWh;CO2 is not CO2 equivalent. Annual net generation is MWh,not installed capacity or customer use. Rates are not marginal emissions,ambient concentrations,health effects or emissions factors allocated to a data center. No tons-to-tonnes conversion,rate recomputation,facility join or causal data center inference. State generation context does not establish the mix delivered to consumers. Puerto Rico source row is outside this51state/DC review,not absence.","source_ids":["epa-egrid2023-states-rev2"],"scope":"EPA eGRID2023 revision2 state electricity-generation emissions context,ST23 worksheet. Historical2023,not current2026 conditions or data center facility emissions. Annual NOx,SO2 andCO2 totals in source tons are distinct from source-reported total output rates in lb/MWh;CO2 is not CO2 equivalent. Annual net generation is MWh,not installed capacity or customer use. Rates are not marginal emissions,ambient concentrations,health effects or emissions factors allocated to a data center. No tons-to-tonnes conversion,rate recomputation,facility join or causal data center inference. State generation context does not establish the mix delivered to consumers. Puerto Rico source row is outside this51state/DC review,not absence.","locator":"ST23 labels,codes,units and review scope"},"egrid_annual_net_generation":{"value":35987133.297,"source_ids":["epa-egrid2023-states-rev2"],"scope":"EPA eGRID2023 revision2 state electricity-generation emissions context,ST23 worksheet. Historical2023,not current2026 conditions or data center facility emissions. Annual NOx,SO2 andCO2 totals in source tons are distinct from source-reported total output rates in lb/MWh;CO2 is not CO2 equivalent. Annual net generation is MWh,not installed capacity or customer use. Rates are not marginal emissions,ambient concentrations,health effects or emissions factors allocated to a data center. No tons-to-tonnes conversion,rate recomputation,facility join or causal data center inference. State generation context does not establish the mix delivered to consumers. Puerto Rico source row is outside this51state/DC review,not absence.","locator":"ST23 MD row 23, STNGENAN (State annual net generation (MWh))","unit":"MWh","measurement_role":"reported_egrid_annual_net_generation","source_token":"35987133.296999998"},"egrid_annual_nox_emissions":{"value":3131.686,"source_ids":["epa-egrid2023-states-rev2"],"scope":"EPA eGRID2023 revision2 state electricity-generation emissions context,ST23 worksheet. Historical2023,not current2026 conditions or data center facility emissions. Annual NOx,SO2 andCO2 totals in source tons are distinct from source-reported total output rates in lb/MWh;CO2 is not CO2 equivalent. Annual net generation is MWh,not installed capacity or customer use. Rates are not marginal emissions,ambient concentrations,health effects or emissions factors allocated to a data center. No tons-to-tonnes conversion,rate recomputation,facility join or causal data center inference. State generation context does not establish the mix delivered to consumers. Puerto Rico source row is outside this51state/DC review,not absence.","locator":"ST23 MD row 23, STNOXAN (State annual NOx emissions (tons))","unit":"tons","measurement_role":"reported_egrid_annual_nox_emissions","source_token":"3131.6860000000001"},"egrid_annual_so2_emissions":{"value":2081.576,"source_ids":["epa-egrid2023-states-rev2"],"scope":"EPA eGRID2023 revision2 state electricity-generation emissions context,ST23 worksheet. Historical2023,not current2026 conditions or data center facility emissions. Annual NOx,SO2 andCO2 totals in source tons are distinct from source-reported total output rates in lb/MWh;CO2 is not CO2 equivalent. Annual net generation is MWh,not installed capacity or customer use. Rates are not marginal emissions,ambient concentrations,health effects or emissions factors allocated to a data center. No tons-to-tonnes conversion,rate recomputation,facility join or causal data center inference. State generation context does not establish the mix delivered to consumers. Puerto Rico source row is outside this51state/DC review,not absence.","locator":"ST23 MD row 23, STSO2AN (State annual SO2 emissions (tons))","unit":"tons","measurement_role":"reported_egrid_annual_so2_emissions","source_token":"2081.576"},"egrid_annual_co2_emissions":{"value":9357054.491,"source_ids":["epa-egrid2023-states-rev2"],"scope":"EPA eGRID2023 revision2 state electricity-generation emissions context,ST23 worksheet. Historical2023,not current2026 conditions or data center facility emissions. Annual NOx,SO2 andCO2 totals in source tons are distinct from source-reported total output rates in lb/MWh;CO2 is not CO2 equivalent. Annual net generation is MWh,not installed capacity or customer use. Rates are not marginal emissions,ambient concentrations,health effects or emissions factors allocated to a data center. No tons-to-tonnes conversion,rate recomputation,facility join or causal data center inference. State generation context does not establish the mix delivered to consumers. Puerto Rico source row is outside this51state/DC review,not absence.","locator":"ST23 MD row 23, STCO2AN (State annual CO2 emissions (tons))","unit":"tons","measurement_role":"reported_egrid_annual_co2_emissions","source_token":"9357054.4910000004"},"egrid_nox_total_output_rate":{"value":0.174,"source_ids":["epa-egrid2023-states-rev2"],"scope":"EPA eGRID2023 revision2 state electricity-generation emissions context,ST23 worksheet. Historical2023,not current2026 conditions or data center facility emissions. Annual NOx,SO2 andCO2 totals in source tons are distinct from source-reported total output rates in lb/MWh;CO2 is not CO2 equivalent. Annual net generation is MWh,not installed capacity or customer use. Rates are not marginal emissions,ambient concentrations,health effects or emissions factors allocated to a data center. No tons-to-tonnes conversion,rate recomputation,facility join or causal data center inference. State generation context does not establish the mix delivered to consumers. Puerto Rico source row is outside this51state/DC review,not absence.","locator":"ST23 MD row 23, STNOXRTA (State annual NOx total output emission rate (lb/MWh))","unit":"lb per MWh","measurement_role":"reported_egrid_nox_total_output_rate","source_token":"0.17399999999999999"},"egrid_so2_total_output_rate":{"value":0.116,"source_ids":["epa-egrid2023-states-rev2"],"scope":"EPA eGRID2023 revision2 state electricity-generation emissions context,ST23 worksheet. Historical2023,not current2026 conditions or data center facility emissions. Annual NOx,SO2 andCO2 totals in source tons are distinct from source-reported total output rates in lb/MWh;CO2 is not CO2 equivalent. Annual net generation is MWh,not installed capacity or customer use. Rates are not marginal emissions,ambient concentrations,health effects or emissions factors allocated to a data center. No tons-to-tonnes conversion,rate recomputation,facility join or causal data center inference. State generation context does not establish the mix delivered to consumers. Puerto Rico source row is outside this51state/DC review,not absence.","locator":"ST23 MD row 23, STSO2RTA (State annual SO2 total output emission rate (lb/MWh))","unit":"lb per MWh","measurement_role":"reported_egrid_so2_total_output_rate","source_token":"0.11600000000000001"},"egrid_co2_total_output_rate":{"value":520.022,"source_ids":["epa-egrid2023-states-rev2"],"scope":"EPA eGRID2023 revision2 state electricity-generation emissions context,ST23 worksheet. Historical2023,not current2026 conditions or data center facility emissions. Annual NOx,SO2 andCO2 totals in source tons are distinct from source-reported total output rates in lb/MWh;CO2 is not CO2 equivalent. Annual net generation is MWh,not installed capacity or customer use. Rates are not marginal emissions,ambient concentrations,health effects or emissions factors allocated to a data center. No tons-to-tonnes conversion,rate recomputation,facility join or causal data center inference. State generation context does not establish the mix delivered to consumers. Puerto Rico source row is outside this51state/DC review,not absence.","locator":"ST23 MD row 23, STCO2RTA (State annual CO2 total output emission rate (lb/MWh))","unit":"lb per MWh","measurement_role":"reported_egrid_co2_total_output_rate","source_token":"520.02200000000005"},"egrid_annual_ch4_emissions_lb":{"value":1257337.012,"source_ids":["epa-egrid2023-states-rev2"],"scope":"Historical2023 EPA eGRID ST23 source-reported CH4,N2O,CO2 equivalent and ozone-season NOx context. Annual CH4/N2O totals are source lbs;CO2 equivalent total is source tons;total output rates are lb/MWh. CO2 equivalent differs from raw CO2; no global-warming-potential factor assumed or recomputed,no pounds/tons/metric-tonne conversion. Source-defined ozone-season NOx is not full-year NOx or an ambient ozone concentration. Annual and seasonal rates and totals remain separate,not summed across scopes. No marginal,facility,health-risk or attributable data center emissions inference.","locator":"ST23 MD row 23, STCH4AN (State annual CH4 emissions (lbs))","unit":"lbs","measurement_role":"reported_egrid_annual_ch4_emissions","source_token":"1257337.0120000001"},"egrid_annual_co2e_emissions":{"value":9396374.55,"source_ids":["epa-egrid2023-states-rev2"],"scope":"Historical2023 EPA eGRID ST23 source-reported CH4,N2O,CO2 equivalent and ozone-season NOx context. Annual CH4/N2O totals are source lbs;CO2 equivalent total is source tons;total output rates are lb/MWh. CO2 equivalent differs from raw CO2; no global-warming-potential factor assumed or recomputed,no pounds/tons/metric-tonne conversion. Source-defined ozone-season NOx is not full-year NOx or an ambient ozone concentration. Annual and seasonal rates and totals remain separate,not summed across scopes. No marginal,facility,health-risk or attributable data center emissions inference.","locator":"ST23 MD row 23, STCO2EQA (State annual CO2 equivalent emissions (tons))","unit":"tons","measurement_role":"reported_egrid_annual_co2e_emissions","source_token":"9396374.5500000007"},"egrid_annual_n2o_emissions_lb":{"value":163904.436,"source_ids":["epa-egrid2023-states-rev2"],"scope":"Historical2023 EPA eGRID ST23 source-reported CH4,N2O,CO2 equivalent and ozone-season NOx context. Annual CH4/N2O totals are source lbs;CO2 equivalent total is source tons;total output rates are lb/MWh. CO2 equivalent differs from raw CO2; no global-warming-potential factor assumed or recomputed,no pounds/tons/metric-tonne conversion. Source-defined ozone-season NOx is not full-year NOx or an ambient ozone concentration. Annual and seasonal rates and totals remain separate,not summed across scopes. No marginal,facility,health-risk or attributable data center emissions inference.","locator":"ST23 MD row 23, STN2OAN (State annual N2O emissions (lbs))","unit":"lbs","measurement_role":"reported_egrid_annual_n2o_emissions","source_token":"163904.43599999999"},"egrid_ozone_season_nox_total_output_rate":{"value":0.226,"source_ids":["epa-egrid2023-states-rev2"],"scope":"Historical2023 EPA eGRID ST23 source-reported CH4,N2O,CO2 equivalent and ozone-season NOx context. Annual CH4/N2O totals are source lbs;CO2 equivalent total is source tons;total output rates are lb/MWh. CO2 equivalent differs from raw CO2; no global-warming-potential factor assumed or recomputed,no pounds/tons/metric-tonne conversion. Source-defined ozone-season NOx is not full-year NOx or an ambient ozone concentration. Annual and seasonal rates and totals remain separate,not summed across scopes. No marginal,facility,health-risk or attributable data center emissions inference.","locator":"ST23 MD row 23, STNOXRTO (State ozone season NOx total output emission rate (lb/MWh))","unit":"lb per MWh","measurement_role":"reported_egrid_ozone_season_nox_total_output_rate","source_token":"0.22600000000000001"},"egrid_extended_basis":{"value":"Historical2023 EPA eGRID ST23 source-reported CH4,N2O,CO2 equivalent and ozone-season NOx context. Annual CH4/N2O totals are source lbs;CO2 equivalent total is source tons;total output rates are lb/MWh. CO2 equivalent differs from raw CO2; no global-warming-potential factor assumed or recomputed,no pounds/tons/metric-tonne conversion. Source-defined ozone-season NOx is not full-year NOx or an ambient ozone concentration. Annual and seasonal rates and totals remain separate,not summed across scopes. No marginal,facility,health-risk or attributable data center emissions inference.","source_ids":["epa-egrid2023-states-rev2"],"scope":"Historical2023 EPA eGRID ST23 source-reported CH4,N2O,CO2 equivalent and ozone-season NOx context. Annual CH4/N2O totals are source lbs;CO2 equivalent total is source tons;total output rates are lb/MWh. CO2 equivalent differs from raw CO2; no global-warming-potential factor assumed or recomputed,no pounds/tons/metric-tonne conversion. Source-defined ozone-season NOx is not full-year NOx or an ambient ozone concentration. Annual and seasonal rates and totals remain separate,not summed across scopes. No marginal,facility,health-risk or attributable data center emissions inference.","locator":"ST23 field labels,report year and annual-versus-ozone-season units"},"egrid_ozone_season_nox_emissions":{"value":1771.268,"source_ids":["epa-egrid2023-states-rev2"],"scope":"Historical2023 EPA eGRID ST23 source-reported CH4,N2O,CO2 equivalent and ozone-season NOx context. Annual CH4/N2O totals are source lbs;CO2 equivalent total is source tons;total output rates are lb/MWh. CO2 equivalent differs from raw CO2; no global-warming-potential factor assumed or recomputed,no pounds/tons/metric-tonne conversion. Source-defined ozone-season NOx is not full-year NOx or an ambient ozone concentration. Annual and seasonal rates and totals remain separate,not summed across scopes. No marginal,facility,health-risk or attributable data center emissions inference.","locator":"ST23 MD row 23, STNOXOZ (State ozone season NOx emissions (tons))","unit":"tons","measurement_role":"reported_egrid_ozone_season_nox_emissions","source_token":"1771.268"},"egrid_co2e_total_output_rate":{"value":522.207,"source_ids":["epa-egrid2023-states-rev2"],"scope":"Historical2023 EPA eGRID ST23 source-reported CH4,N2O,CO2 equivalent and ozone-season NOx context. Annual CH4/N2O totals are source lbs;CO2 equivalent total is source tons;total output rates are lb/MWh. CO2 equivalent differs from raw CO2; no global-warming-potential factor assumed or recomputed,no pounds/tons/metric-tonne conversion. Source-defined ozone-season NOx is not full-year NOx or an ambient ozone concentration. Annual and seasonal rates and totals remain separate,not summed across scopes. No marginal,facility,health-risk or attributable data center emissions inference.","locator":"ST23 MD row 23, STC2ERTA (State annual CO2 equivalent total output emission rate (lb/MWh))","unit":"lb per MWh","measurement_role":"reported_egrid_co2e_total_output_rate","source_token":"522.20699999999999"},"egrid_ch4_total_output_rate":{"value":0.035,"source_ids":["epa-egrid2023-states-rev2"],"scope":"Historical2023 EPA eGRID ST23 source-reported CH4,N2O,CO2 equivalent and ozone-season NOx context. Annual CH4/N2O totals are source lbs;CO2 equivalent total is source tons;total output rates are lb/MWh. CO2 equivalent differs from raw CO2; no global-warming-potential factor assumed or recomputed,no pounds/tons/metric-tonne conversion. Source-defined ozone-season NOx is not full-year NOx or an ambient ozone concentration. Annual and seasonal rates and totals remain separate,not summed across scopes. No marginal,facility,health-risk or attributable data center emissions inference.","locator":"ST23 MD row 23, STCH4RTA (State annual CH4 total output emission rate (lb/MWh))","unit":"lb per MWh","measurement_role":"reported_egrid_ch4_total_output_rate","source_token":"3.5000000000000003E-2"},"egrid_n2o_total_output_rate":{"value":0.005,"source_ids":["epa-egrid2023-states-rev2"],"scope":"Historical2023 EPA eGRID ST23 source-reported CH4,N2O,CO2 equivalent and ozone-season NOx context. Annual CH4/N2O totals are source lbs;CO2 equivalent total is source tons;total output rates are lb/MWh. CO2 equivalent differs from raw CO2; no global-warming-potential factor assumed or recomputed,no pounds/tons/metric-tonne conversion. Source-defined ozone-season NOx is not full-year NOx or an ambient ozone concentration. Annual and seasonal rates and totals remain separate,not summed across scopes. No marginal,facility,health-risk or attributable data center emissions inference.","locator":"ST23 MD row 23, STN2ORTA (State annual N2O total output emission rate (lb/MWh))","unit":"lb per MWh","measurement_role":"reported_egrid_n2o_total_output_rate","source_token":"5.0000000000000001E-3"}}},{"id":"air-eia-state-emissions-2025-md","kind":"emissions_context","subject":"Maryland historical power and useful thermal emissions2025 and2024","state_codes":["md"],"scope":"EIA Table9.5 historical state2025 and2024 emissions estimates from energy consumption at conventional power and combined-heat-and-power plants. Includes electricity generation AND production of useful thermal output,not electricity-only emissions. Source unit is thousand metric tons,not eGRID source tons,pounds,CO2equivalent or emission intensity. Source CO2,SO2 and NOx are distinct pollutants,not summed as one climate measure. Displayed zero values may represent small values rounded to zero;no absence or zero-emissions certification. Retain displayed HTML precision;source says Excel cells provide additional precision,not adopted here. No direct eGRID trend or data center allocation,marginal emissions,ambient concentration,health risk,permit compliance,current2026 activity or Native facility joins.","fields":{"status":{"value":"historical","source_ids":["eia-epa2025-state-emissions"],"scope":"EIA Table9.5 historical state2025 and2024 emissions estimates from energy consumption at conventional power and combined-heat-and-power plants. Includes electricity generation AND production of useful thermal output,not electricity-only emissions. Source unit is thousand metric tons,not eGRID source tons,pounds,CO2equivalent or emission intensity. Source CO2,SO2 and NOx are distinct pollutants,not summed as one climate measure. Displayed zero values may represent small values rounded to zero;no absence or zero-emissions certification. Retain displayed HTML precision;source says Excel cells provide additional precision,not adopted here. No direct eGRID trend or data center allocation,marginal emissions,ambient concentration,health risk,permit compliance,current2026 activity or Native facility joins.","locator":"Table9.5 years2025 and2024"},"eia_emissions_basis":{"value":"EIA Table9.5 historical state2025 and2024 emissions estimates from energy consumption at conventional power and combined-heat-and-power plants. Includes electricity generation AND production of useful thermal output,not electricity-only emissions. Source unit is thousand metric tons,not eGRID source tons,pounds,CO2equivalent or emission intensity. Source CO2,SO2 and NOx are distinct pollutants,not summed as one climate measure. Displayed zero values may represent small values rounded to zero;no absence or zero-emissions certification. Retain displayed HTML precision;source says Excel cells provide additional precision,not adopted here. No direct eGRID trend or data center allocation,marginal emissions,ambient concentration,health risk,permit compliance,current2026 activity or Native facility joins.","source_ids":["eia-epa2025-state-emissions"],"scope":"EIA Table9.5 historical state2025 and2024 emissions estimates from energy consumption at conventional power and combined-heat-and-power plants. Includes electricity generation AND production of useful thermal output,not electricity-only emissions. Source unit is thousand metric tons,not eGRID source tons,pounds,CO2equivalent or emission intensity. Source CO2,SO2 and NOx are distinct pollutants,not summed as one climate measure. Displayed zero values may represent small values rounded to zero;no absence or zero-emissions certification. Retain displayed HTML precision;source says Excel cells provide additional precision,not adopted here. No direct eGRID trend or data center allocation,marginal emissions,ambient concentration,health risk,permit compliance,current2026 activity or Native facility joins.","locator":"Table9.5 header and methodological notes"},"eia_emissions_co2_2025":{"value":10449.0,"source_ids":["eia-epa2025-state-emissions"],"scope":"EIA Table9.5 historical state2025 and2024 emissions estimates from energy consumption at conventional power and combined-heat-and-power plants. Includes electricity generation AND production of useful thermal output,not electricity-only emissions. Source unit is thousand metric tons,not eGRID source tons,pounds,CO2equivalent or emission intensity. Source CO2,SO2 and NOx are distinct pollutants,not summed as one climate measure. Displayed zero values may represent small values rounded to zero;no absence or zero-emissions certification. Retain displayed HTML precision;source says Excel cells provide additional precision,not adopted here. No direct eGRID trend or data center allocation,marginal emissions,ambient concentration,health risk,permit compliance,current2026 activity or Native facility joins.","locator":"Table9.5 Maryland row;co2;Year 2025","source_token":"10,449","unit":"thousand metric tons","measurement_role":"agency_estimated_generation_and_useful_thermal_emissions"},"eia_emissions_co2_2024":{"value":9718.0,"source_ids":["eia-epa2025-state-emissions"],"scope":"EIA Table9.5 historical state2025 and2024 emissions estimates from energy consumption at conventional power and combined-heat-and-power plants. Includes electricity generation AND production of useful thermal output,not electricity-only emissions. Source unit is thousand metric tons,not eGRID source tons,pounds,CO2equivalent or emission intensity. Source CO2,SO2 and NOx are distinct pollutants,not summed as one climate measure. Displayed zero values may represent small values rounded to zero;no absence or zero-emissions certification. Retain displayed HTML precision;source says Excel cells provide additional precision,not adopted here. No direct eGRID trend or data center allocation,marginal emissions,ambient concentration,health risk,permit compliance,current2026 activity or Native facility joins.","locator":"Table9.5 Maryland row;co2;Year 2024","source_token":"9,718","unit":"thousand metric tons","measurement_role":"agency_estimated_generation_and_useful_thermal_emissions"},"eia_emissions_so2_2025":{"value":2.0,"source_ids":["eia-epa2025-state-emissions"],"scope":"EIA Table9.5 historical state2025 and2024 emissions estimates from energy consumption at conventional power and combined-heat-and-power plants. Includes electricity generation AND production of useful thermal output,not electricity-only emissions. Source unit is thousand metric tons,not eGRID source tons,pounds,CO2equivalent or emission intensity. Source CO2,SO2 and NOx are distinct pollutants,not summed as one climate measure. Displayed zero values may represent small values rounded to zero;no absence or zero-emissions certification. Retain displayed HTML precision;source says Excel cells provide additional precision,not adopted here. No direct eGRID trend or data center allocation,marginal emissions,ambient concentration,health risk,permit compliance,current2026 activity or Native facility joins.","locator":"Table9.5 Maryland row;so2;Year 2025","source_token":"2","unit":"thousand metric tons","measurement_role":"agency_estimated_generation_and_useful_thermal_emissions"},"eia_emissions_so2_2024":{"value":2.0,"source_ids":["eia-epa2025-state-emissions"],"scope":"EIA Table9.5 historical state2025 and2024 emissions estimates from energy consumption at conventional power and combined-heat-and-power plants. Includes electricity generation AND production of useful thermal output,not electricity-only emissions. Source unit is thousand metric tons,not eGRID source tons,pounds,CO2equivalent or emission intensity. Source CO2,SO2 and NOx are distinct pollutants,not summed as one climate measure. Displayed zero values may represent small values rounded to zero;no absence or zero-emissions certification. Retain displayed HTML precision;source says Excel cells provide additional precision,not adopted here. No direct eGRID trend or data center allocation,marginal emissions,ambient concentration,health risk,permit compliance,current2026 activity or Native facility joins.","locator":"Table9.5 Maryland row;so2;Year 2024","source_token":"2","unit":"thousand metric tons","measurement_role":"agency_estimated_generation_and_useful_thermal_emissions"},"eia_emissions_nox_2025":{"value":6.0,"source_ids":["eia-epa2025-state-emissions"],"scope":"EIA Table9.5 historical state2025 and2024 emissions estimates from energy consumption at conventional power and combined-heat-and-power plants. Includes electricity generation AND production of useful thermal output,not electricity-only emissions. Source unit is thousand metric tons,not eGRID source tons,pounds,CO2equivalent or emission intensity. Source CO2,SO2 and NOx are distinct pollutants,not summed as one climate measure. Displayed zero values may represent small values rounded to zero;no absence or zero-emissions certification. Retain displayed HTML precision;source says Excel cells provide additional precision,not adopted here. No direct eGRID trend or data center allocation,marginal emissions,ambient concentration,health risk,permit compliance,current2026 activity or Native facility joins.","locator":"Table9.5 Maryland row;nox;Year 2025","source_token":"6","unit":"thousand metric tons","measurement_role":"agency_estimated_generation_and_useful_thermal_emissions"},"eia_emissions_nox_2024":{"value":6.0,"source_ids":["eia-epa2025-state-emissions"],"scope":"EIA Table9.5 historical state2025 and2024 emissions estimates from energy consumption at conventional power and combined-heat-and-power plants. Includes electricity generation AND production of useful thermal output,not electricity-only emissions. Source unit is thousand metric tons,not eGRID source tons,pounds,CO2equivalent or emission intensity. Source CO2,SO2 and NOx are distinct pollutants,not summed as one climate measure. Displayed zero values may represent small values rounded to zero;no absence or zero-emissions certification. Retain displayed HTML precision;source says Excel cells provide additional precision,not adopted here. No direct eGRID trend or data center allocation,marginal emissions,ambient concentration,health risk,permit compliance,current2026 activity or Native facility joins.","locator":"Table9.5 Maryland row;nox;Year 2024","source_token":"6","unit":"thousand metric tons","measurement_role":"agency_estimated_generation_and_useful_thermal_emissions"}}}],"sources":{"md-permit":{"url":"https://mde.maryland.gov/datacenters/Documents/2026_FinalDeterminationandResponsetoComments.pdf","title":"Amazon Frederick final determination and response to comments","publisher":"Maryland Department of the Environment","published_on":"2026-03-25","date_note":null,"checked_at":"2026-10-23T11:46:01.700279+00:00","sha256":"d49fe8ed6327bcfbd061a3ff636eb08c39ab203664ef73e578faf8828b8234dc","scope":"Final determination effective 03-25-2026 for 3250 Digital Drive. Page 1 separates 92 large, six smaller and one smallest diesel generator.","tier":"A","establishes_status":["permitted"]},"md-air":{"url":"https://news.maryland.gov/mde/2026/03/25/maryland-department-of-environment-approves-air-permit-for-frederick-data-center/","title":"Frederick air permit approval announcement","publisher":"Maryland Department of the Environment","published_on":"2026-03-25","date_note":null,"checked_at":"2026-10-23T11:46:01.423857+00:00","sha256":"c59f04e2b8d0235d05795cf5dbc017c5399e8612c159ace5e3f89dde3510921d","scope":"Agency identifies 99 emergency generators and operating restrictions. This is not proof of actual use.","tier":"A","establishes_status":["permitted"]},"md-aligned-final-permit-2025":{"url":"https://mde.maryland.gov/programs/land/MarylandBrownfieldVCP/Documents/AlignedDataCenterJan2025IssuedPTC.pdf","title":"Aligned Frederick issued construction permit B-07819 with transmittal","publisher":"Maryland Department of the Environment","published_on":"2025-01-30","date_note":null,"checked_at":"2026-10-23T15:34:13.889501+00:00","sha256":"d7d643828e17f70931efc66b2e94cf998ce15c7aa1422218c41f1ce8a5a429af","scope":"Dated Aligned Frederick construction authorization, not actual installation, current operation or a finding that no later permit exists. Canonical permit PDF includes a transmittal before its twenty printed permit pages.","tier":"A","establishes_status":["permitted"]},"md-aligned-final-determination-2025":{"url":"https://mde.maryland.gov/programs/land/MarylandBrownfieldVCP/Documents/FinalDetermination-Aligned.pdf","title":"Aligned Frederick final determination and response to comments","publisher":"Maryland Department of the Environment","published_on":null,"date_note":"Final determination states an effective date of January 30, 2025. A separate original publication day is not stated.","checked_at":"2026-10-23T15:34:13.851318+00:00","sha256":"85758d495a51f7f93e5dda8ce194e7615ecf2e633210eb13e205aef9ea47e2d9","scope":"Dated Aligned Frederick construction authorization, not actual installation, current operation or a finding that no later permit exists. Canonical permit PDF includes a transmittal before its twenty printed permit pages.","tier":"A","establishes_status":["permitted"]},"epa-egrid2023-states-rev2":{"url":"https://www.epa.gov/system/files/documents/2025-06/egrid2023_data_rev2.xlsx","title":"EPA eGRID2023 revision2 original workbook ST23 state emissions,generation and total output rates","publisher":"U.S. Environmental Protection Agency","published_on":null,"date_note":"Exact workbook publication day not established;2025-06 path is a storage folder,not an exact publication date.2023 is report year,not retrieval year.","checked_at":"2026-10-27T21:05:24.064631+00:00","sha256":"895cd81dd8662406189ad8adf5a2578dcb362cdb5cff7cca81b10ee6bd2447c6","raw_path":"/Users/shaunwilson/Documents/Data Centers Atlas/build/cache/layers-20261023/epa-egrid2023-data-rev2.bin","tier":"A","scope":"EPA eGRID2023 revision2 state electricity-generation emissions context,ST23 worksheet. Historical2023,not current2026 conditions or data center facility emissions. Annual NOx,SO2 andCO2 totals in source tons are distinct from source-reported total output rates in lb/MWh;CO2 is not CO2 equivalent. Annual net generation is MWh,not installed capacity or customer use. Rates are not marginal emissions,ambient concentrations,health effects or emissions factors allocated to a data center. No tons-to-tonnes conversion,rate recomputation,facility join or causal data center inference. State generation context does not establish the mix delivered to consumers. Puerto Rico source row is outside this51state/DC review,not absence. Download index identifies eGRID2023 revision2;only workbook metadata/shared strings/ST23 entries read,no whole-archive extraction.","establishes_status":["historical"]},"eia-epa2025-state-emissions":{"url":"https://www.eia.gov/electricity/annual/table.php?t=epa_09_05.html","publisher":"U.S. Energy Information Administration","title":"Electric Power Annual Table9.5 state power and CHP emissions2025 and2024","published_on":"2026-10-21","checked_at":"2026-10-28T02:40:42.051795+00:00","sha256":"36e6dbf2164041a56f6985a5fcac8357791d95eb82545bfc542aea095c38d5dd","raw_path":"/Users/shaunwilson/Documents/Data Centers Atlas/build/cache/layers-20261023/eia-epa2025-state-emissions-20261028.html","tier":"A","establishes_status":["historical"],"scope":"EIA Table9.5 historical state2025 and2024 emissions estimates from energy consumption at conventional power and combined-heat-and-power plants. Includes electricity generation AND production of useful thermal output,not electricity-only emissions. Source unit is thousand metric tons,not eGRID source tons,pounds,CO2equivalent or emission intensity. Source CO2,SO2 and NOx are distinct pollutants,not summed as one climate measure. Displayed zero values may represent small values rounded to zero;no absence or zero-emissions certification. Retain displayed HTML precision;source says Excel cells provide additional precision,not adopted here. No direct eGRID trend or data center allocation,marginal emissions,ambient concentration,health risk,permit compliance,current2026 activity or Native facility joins."}},"details":[{"id":"air-md-digital-drive-20260325","html":"<article><h3>Amazon Data Services, 3250 Digital Drive, Frederick</h3><p class=\"layer-scope\">One exact campus address. Hearing school addresses are excluded. Permit approval does not establish an opening or actual emissions.</p><dl class=\"layer-fields\"><dt>Status</dt><dd>permitted<span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://mde.maryland.gov/datacenters/Documents/2026_FinalDeterminationandResponsetoComments.pdf\">Maryland Department of the Environment</a>. Source: March 25, 2026. Checked: October 23, 2026.</span> <p class=\"layer-scope\">Outcome described in the cited source. Later outcomes are not inferred. Locator: Heading, history or disposition.</p></dd><dt>Effective on</dt><dd>March 25, 2026<span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://mde.maryland.gov/datacenters/Documents/2026_FinalDeterminationandResponsetoComments.pdf\">Maryland Department of the Environment</a>. Source: March 25, 2026. Checked: October 23, 2026.</span> <p class=\"layer-scope\">Permit to construct effective date. Locator: Page 1, final determination.</p></dd><dt>Fuel</dt><dd>Diesel<span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://mde.maryland.gov/datacenters/Documents/2026_FinalDeterminationandResponsetoComments.pdf\">Maryland Department of the Environment</a>. Source: March 25, 2026. Checked: October 23, 2026.</span> <p class=\"layer-scope\">Permitted fuel. Locator: Page 1, equipment list.</p></dd><dt>Generator count</dt><dd>99 generators<span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://mde.maryland.gov/datacenters/Documents/2026_FinalDeterminationandResponsetoComments.pdf\">Maryland Department of the Environment</a>. Source: March 25, 2026. Checked: October 23, 2026.</span> <p class=\"layer-scope\">92 plus 6 plus 1 permitted generators at this campus. A documentation count, not installed equipment. Locator: Page 1, equipment list.</p></dd><dt>Equipment scope</dt><dd>92 units rated 2,750 kW each, six rated 750 kW each, one rated 250 kW.<span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://mde.maryland.gov/datacenters/Documents/2026_FinalDeterminationandResponsetoComments.pdf\">Maryland Department of the Environment</a>. Source: March 25, 2026. Checked: October 23, 2026.</span> <p class=\"layer-scope\">Equipment nameplate ratings, not grid demand. No MW total is calculated. Locator: Page 1, equipment list.</p></dd><dt>Permit identifier</dt><dd><span class=\"layer-empty\">Not established</span><span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://mde.maryland.gov/datacenters/Documents/2026_FinalDeterminationandResponsetoComments.pdf\">Maryland Department of the Environment</a>. Source: March 25, 2026. Checked: October 23, 2026.</span> <p class=\"layer-scope\">This determination is retained by exact subject and effective date; permit number not established in this review. Locator: Final determination.</p></dd><dt>Measured emissions</dt><dd><span class=\"layer-empty\">Not established</span><span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://mde.maryland.gov/datacenters/Documents/2026_FinalDeterminationandResponsetoComments.pdf\">Maryland Department of the Environment</a>. Source: March 25, 2026. Checked: October 23, 2026.</span> <p class=\"layer-scope\">No measured emissions or operating hours admitted. Locator: Review scope.</p></dd><dt>Atlas record id</dt><dd><span class=\"layer-empty\">Not established</span><span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://mde.maryland.gov/datacenters/Documents/2026_FinalDeterminationandResponsetoComments.pdf\">Maryland Department of the Environment</a>. Source: March 25, 2026. Checked: October 23, 2026.</span> <p class=\"layer-scope\">No existing Atlas building or campus record has been independently joined to this permit. Locator: Identity review hold.</p></dd><dt>Restrictions</dt><dd>Emergency backup, testing and maintenance only. Primary power and demand response use are prohibited.<span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://news.maryland.gov/mde/2026/03/25/maryland-department-of-environment-approves-air-permit-for-frederick-data-center/\">Maryland Department of the Environment</a>. Source: March 25, 2026. Checked: October 23, 2026.</span> <p class=\"layer-scope\">Agency summary of permit restrictions. No operating compliance conclusion. Locator: Permit terms paragraph.</p></dd></dl></article>"},{"id":"air-md-aligned-frederick-20250130","html":"<article><h3>Aligned Frederick campus, Manor Woods Road</h3><p class=\"layer-scope\">One dated premises permit covers four buildings and 172 emergency generators. Documentation of permitted equipment does not establish installation or operation.</p><dl class=\"layer-fields\"><dt>Status</dt><dd>permitted<span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://mde.maryland.gov/programs/land/MarylandBrownfieldVCP/Documents/AlignedDataCenterJan2025IssuedPTC.pdf\">Maryland Department of the Environment</a>. Source: January 30, 2025. Checked: October 23, 2026.</span> <span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://mde.maryland.gov/programs/land/MarylandBrownfieldVCP/Documents/FinalDetermination-Aligned.pdf\">Maryland Department of the Environment</a>. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 23, 2026.</span> <p class=\"layer-scope\">Issued construction authorization, not observed operation or a current unamended operating permit. Locator: Transmittal; signed printed page 1; final determination part III.</p></dd><dt>Issued on</dt><dd>January 30, 2025<span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://mde.maryland.gov/programs/land/MarylandBrownfieldVCP/Documents/AlignedDataCenterJan2025IssuedPTC.pdf\">Maryland Department of the Environment</a>. Source: January 30, 2025. Checked: October 23, 2026.</span> <p class=\"layer-scope\">Stamped permit issuance, not the PDF metadata creation day, installation or opening. Locator: Transmittal stamp and printed page 1.</p></dd><dt>Permit identifier</dt><dd>Control B-07819; premises 021-0805; AI 183419<span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://mde.maryland.gov/programs/land/MarylandBrownfieldVCP/Documents/AlignedDataCenterJan2025IssuedPTC.pdf\">Maryland Department of the Environment</a>. Source: January 30, 2025. Checked: October 23, 2026.</span> <p class=\"layer-scope\">Separate unit registration numbers are listed on printed pages 2 and 3. Control number is not one universal unit registration. Locator: Permit cover and equipment inventory.</p></dd><dt>Facility address</dt><dd>5601 Manor Woods Road, Frederick, Maryland 21703, Frederick County<span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://mde.maryland.gov/programs/land/MarylandBrownfieldVCP/Documents/AlignedDataCenterJan2025IssuedPTC.pdf\">Maryland Department of the Environment</a>. Source: January 30, 2025. Checked: October 23, 2026.</span> <span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://mde.maryland.gov/programs/land/MarylandBrownfieldVCP/Documents/FinalDetermination-Aligned.pdf\">Maryland Department of the Environment</a>. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 23, 2026.</span> <p class=\"layer-scope\">Campus address, distinct from the Plano mailing address and the school used for the public meeting. Locator: Transmittal, permit cover and determination introduction.</p></dd><dt>Generator count</dt><dd>172 generators<span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://mde.maryland.gov/programs/land/MarylandBrownfieldVCP/Documents/AlignedDataCenterJan2025IssuedPTC.pdf\">Maryland Department of the Environment</a>. Source: January 30, 2025. Checked: October 23, 2026.</span> <p class=\"layer-scope\">Combined permitted inventory across four buildings: 168 larger units plus four smaller units. Not an installed count, 168 total, 172 per building or a complete Maryland census. Locator: Transmittal; printed pages 1 through 3.</p></dd><dt>Equipment scope</dt><dd>Four buildings each list 42 diesel emergency generators rated at 3,000 kW and one rated at 1,000 kW. The larger unit group totals 168 and the smaller group totals four.<span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://mde.maryland.gov/programs/land/MarylandBrownfieldVCP/Documents/AlignedDataCenterJan2025IssuedPTC.pdf\">Maryland Department of the Environment</a>. Source: January 30, 2025. Checked: October 23, 2026.</span> <p class=\"layer-scope\">Permitted equipment ratings are not data center electrical load or measured power generation. Locator: Printed pages 2 and 3 equipment inventory.</p></dd><dt>Generation role</dt><dd>Emergency backup generation with specified maintenance, readiness testing and limited nonemergency conditions.<span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://mde.maryland.gov/programs/land/MarylandBrownfieldVCP/Documents/AlignedDataCenterJan2025IssuedPTC.pdf\">Maryland Department of the Environment</a>. Source: January 30, 2025. Checked: October 23, 2026.</span> <p class=\"layer-scope\">No primary power or grid export operation inferred. Locator: Printed page 10 part D2(4).</p></dd><dt>Fuel</dt><dd>Diesel with sulfur no greater than 15 ppm, and either cetane index at least 40 or aromatic content no greater than 35 volume percent.<span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://mde.maryland.gov/programs/land/MarylandBrownfieldVCP/Documents/AlignedDataCenterJan2025IssuedPTC.pdf\">Maryland Department of the Environment</a>. Source: January 30, 2025. Checked: October 23, 2026.</span> <p class=\"layer-scope\">Fuel specification, not measured fuel purchases or consumption. Locator: Printed page 10 part D2(3).</p></dd><dt>Control requirements</dt><dd>Each of the 168 larger generators requires an SCR device designed for at least 93 percent NOx control efficiency.<span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://mde.maryland.gov/programs/land/MarylandBrownfieldVCP/Documents/AlignedDataCenterJan2025IssuedPTC.pdf\">Maryland Department of the Environment</a>. Source: January 30, 2025. Checked: October 23, 2026.</span> <p class=\"layer-scope\">Design and operating requirements, not measured control performance. Smaller units have separate requirements. Locator: Printed page 8 part C(3); printed page 12 control device conditions.</p></dd><dt>Temporary operating authority</dt><dd>The construction permit also allows temporary operation for up to 180 days after the first authorized generator starts. An initial state operating permit application is due at least 60 days before that temporary period expires.<span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://mde.maryland.gov/programs/land/MarylandBrownfieldVCP/Documents/AlignedDataCenterJan2025IssuedPTC.pdf\">Maryland Department of the Environment</a>. Source: January 30, 2025. Checked: October 23, 2026.</span> <p class=\"layer-scope\">The clock depends on actual first operation, not the January 30 issue date. Actual start and calendar expiration are unknown here. Locator: Transmittal; printed pages 1 and 9 part D1(2) and (3).</p></dd><dt>Federal operating limits</dt><dd>The federal maintenance and readiness allowance is 100 hours per calendar year, with specified additional testing provisions. Up to 50 nonemergency hours are included within that allowance and cannot serve peak shaving, demand response or financial power supply arrangements.<span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://mde.maryland.gov/programs/land/MarylandBrownfieldVCP/Documents/AlignedDataCenterJan2025IssuedPTC.pdf\">Maryland Department of the Environment</a>. Source: January 30, 2025. Checked: October 23, 2026.</span> <p class=\"layer-scope\">Included within 100 hours, not an additional 50. More stringent premises testing conditions also apply. No actual annual operating hours admitted. Locator: Printed page 10 part D2(4).</p></dd><dt>Premises testing conditions</dt><dd>Per generator over a rolling 12 months, the table lists three readiness hours, two preventative maintenance hours, one load test hour, two UPS test hours and two additional use hours, with specified frequencies and loads.<span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://mde.maryland.gov/programs/land/MarylandBrownfieldVCP/Documents/AlignedDataCenterJan2025IssuedPTC.pdf\">Maryland Department of the Environment</a>. Source: January 30, 2025. Checked: October 23, 2026.</span> <p class=\"layer-scope\">These are separate category limits. Other limits require a demonstration satisfactory to the Department that NOx remains below 25 tons per rolling 12 months. The general 100 hour allowance does not replace these conditions. Locator: Printed pages 11 and 12 part D3(3) and testing table.</p></dd><dt>Emission ceiling</dt><dd>Premises NOx emissions must remain less than 25 tons in any rolling 12 months.<span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://mde.maryland.gov/programs/land/MarylandBrownfieldVCP/Documents/AlignedDataCenterJan2025IssuedPTC.pdf\">Maryland Department of the Environment</a>. Source: January 30, 2025. Checked: October 23, 2026.</span> <p class=\"layer-scope\">A strict permit ceiling, not 25 tons measured emissions or an impact finding. Locator: Printed page 11 part D3(1).</p></dd><dt>Fuel usage limits</dt><dd>Rolling 12 month group limits are less than 261,250 gallons for larger generators using SCR, and less than 85,500 gallons combined for larger generators without SCR and the smaller generators.<span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://mde.maryland.gov/programs/land/MarylandBrownfieldVCP/Documents/AlignedDataCenterJan2025IssuedPTC.pdf\">Maryland Department of the Environment</a>. Source: January 30, 2025. Checked: October 23, 2026.</span> <p class=\"layer-scope\">Higher fuel usage requires a demonstration satisfactory to the Department that NOx remains below 25 tons. Distinct conditional group limits, not actual fuel consumption or a new combined allowance. Locator: Printed page 11 part D3(2).</p></dd><dt>Installation schedule</dt><dd>The inventory lists expected installation through operation periods progressing from 2024 to 2026 for building 1, through 2027 to 2029 for building 4.<span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://mde.maryland.gov/programs/land/MarylandBrownfieldVCP/Documents/AlignedDataCenterJan2025IssuedPTC.pdf\">Maryland Department of the Environment</a>. Source: January 30, 2025. Checked: October 23, 2026.</span> <p class=\"layer-scope\">Historical expectations in the permit, not evidence that any stage is complete or that 2029 operation will occur. Locator: Printed pages 2 and 3 expected operation column.</p></dd><dt>Actual started on</dt><dd><span class=\"layer-empty\">Not established</span><span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://mde.maryland.gov/programs/land/MarylandBrownfieldVCP/Documents/AlignedDataCenterJan2025IssuedPTC.pdf\">Maryland Department of the Environment</a>. Source: January 30, 2025. Checked: October 23, 2026.</span> <p class=\"layer-scope\">No actual generator startup, operating hours or facility opening established. Locator: Review boundary.</p></dd><dt>Measured emissions</dt><dd><span class=\"layer-empty\">Not established</span><span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://mde.maryland.gov/programs/land/MarylandBrownfieldVCP/Documents/AlignedDataCenterJan2025IssuedPTC.pdf\">Maryland Department of the Environment</a>. Source: January 30, 2025. Checked: October 23, 2026.</span> <p class=\"layer-scope\">No actual emissions, measured control performance, fuel consumption or compliance outcome admitted. Locator: Review boundary.</p></dd><dt>Atlas record id</dt><dd><span class=\"layer-empty\">Not established</span><span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://mde.maryland.gov/programs/land/MarylandBrownfieldVCP/Documents/AlignedDataCenterJan2025IssuedPTC.pdf\">Maryland Department of the Environment</a>. Source: January 30, 2025. Checked: October 23, 2026.</span> <p class=\"layer-scope\">The multi building permit scope has not been independently joined to one exact Atlas building or parcel. Locator: Identity hold.</p></dd><dt>Later amendments</dt><dd><span class=\"layer-empty\">Not established</span><span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://mde.maryland.gov/programs/land/MarylandBrownfieldVCP/Documents/AlignedDataCenterJan2025IssuedPTC.pdf\">Maryland Department of the Environment</a>. Source: January 30, 2025. Checked: October 23, 2026.</span> <p class=\"layer-scope\">Later construction amendments, initial operating permits, appeals and current compliance outcomes require separate review. Locator: Dated source scope.</p></dd></dl></article>"},{"id":"air-egrid-state-2023-md","html":"<article><h3>Maryland historical2023 electricity-generation emissions</h3><p class=\"layer-scope\">EPA eGRID2023 revision2 state electricity-generation emissions context,ST23 worksheet. Historical2023,not current2026 conditions or data center facility emissions. Annual NOx,SO2 andCO2 totals in source tons are distinct from source-reported total output rates in lb/MWh;CO2 is not CO2 equivalent. Annual net generation is MWh,not installed capacity or customer use. Rates are not marginal emissions,ambient concentrations,health effects or emissions factors allocated to a data center. No tons-to-tonnes conversion,rate recomputation,facility join or causal data center inference. State generation context does not establish the mix delivered to consumers. Puerto Rico source row is outside this51state/DC review,not absence.</p><dl class=\"layer-fields\"><dt>Status</dt><dd>historical<span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://www.epa.gov/system/files/documents/2025-06/egrid2023_data_rev2.xlsx\">U.S. Environmental Protection Agency</a>. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 27, 2026.</span> <p class=\"layer-scope\">EPA eGRID2023 revision2 state electricity-generation emissions context,ST23 worksheet. Historical2023,not current2026 conditions or data center facility emissions. Annual NOx,SO2 andCO2 totals in source tons are distinct from source-reported total output rates in lb/MWh;CO2 is not CO2 equivalent. Annual net generation is MWh,not installed capacity or customer use. Rates are not marginal emissions,ambient concentrations,health effects or emissions factors allocated to a data center. No tons-to-tonnes conversion,rate recomputation,facility join or causal data center inference. State generation context does not establish the mix delivered to consumers. Puerto Rico source row is outside this51state/DC review,not absence. Locator: ST23 Data Year column.</p></dd><dt>Egrid report year</dt><dd>2023<span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://www.epa.gov/system/files/documents/2025-06/egrid2023_data_rev2.xlsx\">U.S. Environmental Protection Agency</a>. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 27, 2026.</span> <p class=\"layer-scope\">EPA eGRID2023 revision2 state electricity-generation emissions context,ST23 worksheet. Historical2023,not current2026 conditions or data center facility emissions. Annual NOx,SO2 andCO2 totals in source tons are distinct from source-reported total output rates in lb/MWh;CO2 is not CO2 equivalent. Annual net generation is MWh,not installed capacity or customer use. Rates are not marginal emissions,ambient concentrations,health effects or emissions factors allocated to a data center. No tons-to-tonnes conversion,rate recomputation,facility join or causal data center inference. State generation context does not establish the mix delivered to consumers. Puerto Rico source row is outside this51state/DC review,not absence. Locator: ST23 YEAR column.</p></dd><dt>Egrid state fips</dt><dd>24<span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://www.epa.gov/system/files/documents/2025-06/egrid2023_data_rev2.xlsx\">U.S. Environmental Protection Agency</a>. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 27, 2026.</span> <p class=\"layer-scope\">EPA eGRID2023 revision2 state electricity-generation emissions context,ST23 worksheet. Historical2023,not current2026 conditions or data center facility emissions. Annual NOx,SO2 andCO2 totals in source tons are distinct from source-reported total output rates in lb/MWh;CO2 is not CO2 equivalent. Annual net generation is MWh,not installed capacity or customer use. Rates are not marginal emissions,ambient concentrations,health effects or emissions factors allocated to a data center. No tons-to-tonnes conversion,rate recomputation,facility join or causal data center inference. State generation context does not establish the mix delivered to consumers. Puerto Rico source row is outside this51state/DC review,not absence. Locator: ST23 FIPSST column.</p></dd><dt>Egrid state basis</dt><dd>EPA eGRID2023 revision2 state electricity-generation emissions context,ST23 worksheet. Historical2023,not current2026 conditions or data center facility emissions. Annual NOx,SO2 andCO2 totals in source tons are distinct from source-reported total output rates in lb/MWh;CO2 is not CO2 equivalent. Annual net generation is MWh,not installed capacity or customer use. Rates are not marginal emissions,ambient concentrations,health effects or emissions factors allocated to a data center. No tons-to-tonnes conversion,rate recomputation,facility join or causal data center inference. State generation context does not establish the mix delivered to consumers. Puerto Rico source row is outside this51state/DC review,not absence.<span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://www.epa.gov/system/files/documents/2025-06/egrid2023_data_rev2.xlsx\">U.S. Environmental Protection Agency</a>. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 27, 2026.</span> <p class=\"layer-scope\">EPA eGRID2023 revision2 state electricity-generation emissions context,ST23 worksheet. Historical2023,not current2026 conditions or data center facility emissions. Annual NOx,SO2 andCO2 totals in source tons are distinct from source-reported total output rates in lb/MWh;CO2 is not CO2 equivalent. Annual net generation is MWh,not installed capacity or customer use. Rates are not marginal emissions,ambient concentrations,health effects or emissions factors allocated to a data center. No tons-to-tonnes conversion,rate recomputation,facility join or causal data center inference. State generation context does not establish the mix delivered to consumers. Puerto Rico source row is outside this51state/DC review,not absence. Locator: ST23 labels,codes,units and review scope.</p></dd><dt>Egrid annual net generation</dt><dd>35987133.30 MWh<span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://www.epa.gov/system/files/documents/2025-06/egrid2023_data_rev2.xlsx\">U.S. Environmental Protection Agency</a>. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 27, 2026.</span> <p class=\"layer-scope\">EPA eGRID2023 revision2 state electricity-generation emissions context,ST23 worksheet. Historical2023,not current2026 conditions or data center facility emissions. Annual NOx,SO2 andCO2 totals in source tons are distinct from source-reported total output rates in lb/MWh;CO2 is not CO2 equivalent. Annual net generation is MWh,not installed capacity or customer use. Rates are not marginal emissions,ambient concentrations,health effects or emissions factors allocated to a data center. No tons-to-tonnes conversion,rate recomputation,facility join or causal data center inference. State generation context does not establish the mix delivered to consumers. Puerto Rico source row is outside this51state/DC review,not absence. Locator: ST23 MD row 23, STNGENAN (State annual net generation (MWh)).</p></dd><dt>Egrid annual nox emissions</dt><dd>3131.69 tons<span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://www.epa.gov/system/files/documents/2025-06/egrid2023_data_rev2.xlsx\">U.S. Environmental Protection Agency</a>. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 27, 2026.</span> <p class=\"layer-scope\">EPA eGRID2023 revision2 state electricity-generation emissions context,ST23 worksheet. Historical2023,not current2026 conditions or data center facility emissions. Annual NOx,SO2 andCO2 totals in source tons are distinct from source-reported total output rates in lb/MWh;CO2 is not CO2 equivalent. Annual net generation is MWh,not installed capacity or customer use. Rates are not marginal emissions,ambient concentrations,health effects or emissions factors allocated to a data center. No tons-to-tonnes conversion,rate recomputation,facility join or causal data center inference. State generation context does not establish the mix delivered to consumers. Puerto Rico source row is outside this51state/DC review,not absence. Locator: ST23 MD row 23, STNOXAN (State annual NOx emissions (tons)).</p></dd><dt>Egrid annual so2 emissions</dt><dd>2081.58 tons<span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://www.epa.gov/system/files/documents/2025-06/egrid2023_data_rev2.xlsx\">U.S. Environmental Protection Agency</a>. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 27, 2026.</span> <p class=\"layer-scope\">EPA eGRID2023 revision2 state electricity-generation emissions context,ST23 worksheet. Historical2023,not current2026 conditions or data center facility emissions. Annual NOx,SO2 andCO2 totals in source tons are distinct from source-reported total output rates in lb/MWh;CO2 is not CO2 equivalent. Annual net generation is MWh,not installed capacity or customer use. Rates are not marginal emissions,ambient concentrations,health effects or emissions factors allocated to a data center. No tons-to-tonnes conversion,rate recomputation,facility join or causal data center inference. State generation context does not establish the mix delivered to consumers. Puerto Rico source row is outside this51state/DC review,not absence. Locator: ST23 MD row 23, STSO2AN (State annual SO2 emissions (tons)).</p></dd><dt>Egrid annual co2 emissions</dt><dd>9357054.49 tons<span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://www.epa.gov/system/files/documents/2025-06/egrid2023_data_rev2.xlsx\">U.S. Environmental Protection Agency</a>. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 27, 2026.</span> <p class=\"layer-scope\">EPA eGRID2023 revision2 state electricity-generation emissions context,ST23 worksheet. Historical2023,not current2026 conditions or data center facility emissions. Annual NOx,SO2 andCO2 totals in source tons are distinct from source-reported total output rates in lb/MWh;CO2 is not CO2 equivalent. Annual net generation is MWh,not installed capacity or customer use. Rates are not marginal emissions,ambient concentrations,health effects or emissions factors allocated to a data center. No tons-to-tonnes conversion,rate recomputation,facility join or causal data center inference. State generation context does not establish the mix delivered to consumers. Puerto Rico source row is outside this51state/DC review,not absence. Locator: ST23 MD row 23, STCO2AN (State annual CO2 emissions (tons)).</p></dd><dt>Egrid nox total output rate</dt><dd>0.17 lb per MWh<span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://www.epa.gov/system/files/documents/2025-06/egrid2023_data_rev2.xlsx\">U.S. Environmental Protection Agency</a>. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 27, 2026.</span> <p class=\"layer-scope\">EPA eGRID2023 revision2 state electricity-generation emissions context,ST23 worksheet. Historical2023,not current2026 conditions or data center facility emissions. Annual NOx,SO2 andCO2 totals in source tons are distinct from source-reported total output rates in lb/MWh;CO2 is not CO2 equivalent. Annual net generation is MWh,not installed capacity or customer use. Rates are not marginal emissions,ambient concentrations,health effects or emissions factors allocated to a data center. No tons-to-tonnes conversion,rate recomputation,facility join or causal data center inference. State generation context does not establish the mix delivered to consumers. Puerto Rico source row is outside this51state/DC review,not absence. Locator: ST23 MD row 23, STNOXRTA (State annual NOx total output emission rate (lb/MWh)).</p></dd><dt>Egrid so2 total output rate</dt><dd>0.12 lb per MWh<span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://www.epa.gov/system/files/documents/2025-06/egrid2023_data_rev2.xlsx\">U.S. Environmental Protection Agency</a>. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 27, 2026.</span> <p class=\"layer-scope\">EPA eGRID2023 revision2 state electricity-generation emissions context,ST23 worksheet. Historical2023,not current2026 conditions or data center facility emissions. Annual NOx,SO2 andCO2 totals in source tons are distinct from source-reported total output rates in lb/MWh;CO2 is not CO2 equivalent. Annual net generation is MWh,not installed capacity or customer use. Rates are not marginal emissions,ambient concentrations,health effects or emissions factors allocated to a data center. No tons-to-tonnes conversion,rate recomputation,facility join or causal data center inference. State generation context does not establish the mix delivered to consumers. Puerto Rico source row is outside this51state/DC review,not absence. Locator: ST23 MD row 23, STSO2RTA (State annual SO2 total output emission rate (lb/MWh)).</p></dd><dt>Egrid co2 total output rate</dt><dd>520.02 lb per MWh<span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://www.epa.gov/system/files/documents/2025-06/egrid2023_data_rev2.xlsx\">U.S. Environmental Protection Agency</a>. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 27, 2026.</span> <p class=\"layer-scope\">EPA eGRID2023 revision2 state electricity-generation emissions context,ST23 worksheet. Historical2023,not current2026 conditions or data center facility emissions. Annual NOx,SO2 andCO2 totals in source tons are distinct from source-reported total output rates in lb/MWh;CO2 is not CO2 equivalent. Annual net generation is MWh,not installed capacity or customer use. Rates are not marginal emissions,ambient concentrations,health effects or emissions factors allocated to a data center. No tons-to-tonnes conversion,rate recomputation,facility join or causal data center inference. State generation context does not establish the mix delivered to consumers. Puerto Rico source row is outside this51state/DC review,not absence. Locator: ST23 MD row 23, STCO2RTA (State annual CO2 total output emission rate (lb/MWh)).</p></dd><dt>Egrid annual ch4 emissions lb</dt><dd>1257337.01 lbs<span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://www.epa.gov/system/files/documents/2025-06/egrid2023_data_rev2.xlsx\">U.S. Environmental Protection Agency</a>. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 27, 2026.</span> <p class=\"layer-scope\">Historical2023 EPA eGRID ST23 source-reported CH4,N2O,CO2 equivalent and ozone-season NOx context. Annual CH4/N2O totals are source lbs;CO2 equivalent total is source tons;total output rates are lb/MWh. CO2 equivalent differs from raw CO2; no global-warming-potential factor assumed or recomputed,no pounds/tons/metric-tonne conversion. Source-defined ozone-season NOx is not full-year NOx or an ambient ozone concentration. Annual and seasonal rates and totals remain separate,not summed across scopes. No marginal,facility,health-risk or attributable data center emissions inference. Locator: ST23 MD row 23, STCH4AN (State annual CH4 emissions (lbs)).</p></dd><dt>Egrid annual co2e emissions</dt><dd>9396374.55 tons<span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://www.epa.gov/system/files/documents/2025-06/egrid2023_data_rev2.xlsx\">U.S. Environmental Protection Agency</a>. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 27, 2026.</span> <p class=\"layer-scope\">Historical2023 EPA eGRID ST23 source-reported CH4,N2O,CO2 equivalent and ozone-season NOx context. Annual CH4/N2O totals are source lbs;CO2 equivalent total is source tons;total output rates are lb/MWh. CO2 equivalent differs from raw CO2; no global-warming-potential factor assumed or recomputed,no pounds/tons/metric-tonne conversion. Source-defined ozone-season NOx is not full-year NOx or an ambient ozone concentration. Annual and seasonal rates and totals remain separate,not summed across scopes. No marginal,facility,health-risk or attributable data center emissions inference. Locator: ST23 MD row 23, STCO2EQA (State annual CO2 equivalent emissions (tons)).</p></dd><dt>Egrid annual n2o emissions lb</dt><dd>163904.44 lbs<span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://www.epa.gov/system/files/documents/2025-06/egrid2023_data_rev2.xlsx\">U.S. Environmental Protection Agency</a>. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 27, 2026.</span> <p class=\"layer-scope\">Historical2023 EPA eGRID ST23 source-reported CH4,N2O,CO2 equivalent and ozone-season NOx context. Annual CH4/N2O totals are source lbs;CO2 equivalent total is source tons;total output rates are lb/MWh. CO2 equivalent differs from raw CO2; no global-warming-potential factor assumed or recomputed,no pounds/tons/metric-tonne conversion. Source-defined ozone-season NOx is not full-year NOx or an ambient ozone concentration. Annual and seasonal rates and totals remain separate,not summed across scopes. No marginal,facility,health-risk or attributable data center emissions inference. Locator: ST23 MD row 23, STN2OAN (State annual N2O emissions (lbs)).</p></dd><dt>Egrid ozone season nox total output rate</dt><dd>0.23 lb per MWh<span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://www.epa.gov/system/files/documents/2025-06/egrid2023_data_rev2.xlsx\">U.S. Environmental Protection Agency</a>. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 27, 2026.</span> <p class=\"layer-scope\">Historical2023 EPA eGRID ST23 source-reported CH4,N2O,CO2 equivalent and ozone-season NOx context. Annual CH4/N2O totals are source lbs;CO2 equivalent total is source tons;total output rates are lb/MWh. CO2 equivalent differs from raw CO2; no global-warming-potential factor assumed or recomputed,no pounds/tons/metric-tonne conversion. Source-defined ozone-season NOx is not full-year NOx or an ambient ozone concentration. Annual and seasonal rates and totals remain separate,not summed across scopes. No marginal,facility,health-risk or attributable data center emissions inference. Locator: ST23 MD row 23, STNOXRTO (State ozone season NOx total output emission rate (lb/MWh)).</p></dd><dt>Egrid extended basis</dt><dd>Historical2023 EPA eGRID ST23 source-reported CH4,N2O,CO2 equivalent and ozone-season NOx context. Annual CH4/N2O totals are source lbs;CO2 equivalent total is source tons;total output rates are lb/MWh. CO2 equivalent differs from raw CO2; no global-warming-potential factor assumed or recomputed,no pounds/tons/metric-tonne conversion. Source-defined ozone-season NOx is not full-year NOx or an ambient ozone concentration. Annual and seasonal rates and totals remain separate,not summed across scopes. No marginal,facility,health-risk or attributable data center emissions inference.<span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://www.epa.gov/system/files/documents/2025-06/egrid2023_data_rev2.xlsx\">U.S. Environmental Protection Agency</a>. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 27, 2026.</span> <p class=\"layer-scope\">Historical2023 EPA eGRID ST23 source-reported CH4,N2O,CO2 equivalent and ozone-season NOx context. Annual CH4/N2O totals are source lbs;CO2 equivalent total is source tons;total output rates are lb/MWh. CO2 equivalent differs from raw CO2; no global-warming-potential factor assumed or recomputed,no pounds/tons/metric-tonne conversion. Source-defined ozone-season NOx is not full-year NOx or an ambient ozone concentration. Annual and seasonal rates and totals remain separate,not summed across scopes. No marginal,facility,health-risk or attributable data center emissions inference. Locator: ST23 field labels,report year and annual-versus-ozone-season units.</p></dd><dt>Egrid ozone season nox emissions</dt><dd>1771.27 tons<span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://www.epa.gov/system/files/documents/2025-06/egrid2023_data_rev2.xlsx\">U.S. Environmental Protection Agency</a>. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 27, 2026.</span> <p class=\"layer-scope\">Historical2023 EPA eGRID ST23 source-reported CH4,N2O,CO2 equivalent and ozone-season NOx context. Annual CH4/N2O totals are source lbs;CO2 equivalent total is source tons;total output rates are lb/MWh. CO2 equivalent differs from raw CO2; no global-warming-potential factor assumed or recomputed,no pounds/tons/metric-tonne conversion. Source-defined ozone-season NOx is not full-year NOx or an ambient ozone concentration. Annual and seasonal rates and totals remain separate,not summed across scopes. No marginal,facility,health-risk or attributable data center emissions inference. Locator: ST23 MD row 23, STNOXOZ (State ozone season NOx emissions (tons)).</p></dd><dt>Egrid co2e total output rate</dt><dd>522.21 lb per MWh<span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://www.epa.gov/system/files/documents/2025-06/egrid2023_data_rev2.xlsx\">U.S. Environmental Protection Agency</a>. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 27, 2026.</span> <p class=\"layer-scope\">Historical2023 EPA eGRID ST23 source-reported CH4,N2O,CO2 equivalent and ozone-season NOx context. Annual CH4/N2O totals are source lbs;CO2 equivalent total is source tons;total output rates are lb/MWh. CO2 equivalent differs from raw CO2; no global-warming-potential factor assumed or recomputed,no pounds/tons/metric-tonne conversion. Source-defined ozone-season NOx is not full-year NOx or an ambient ozone concentration. Annual and seasonal rates and totals remain separate,not summed across scopes. No marginal,facility,health-risk or attributable data center emissions inference. Locator: ST23 MD row 23, STC2ERTA (State annual CO2 equivalent total output emission rate (lb/MWh)).</p></dd><dt>Egrid ch4 total output rate</dt><dd>0.04 lb per MWh<span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://www.epa.gov/system/files/documents/2025-06/egrid2023_data_rev2.xlsx\">U.S. Environmental Protection Agency</a>. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 27, 2026.</span> <p class=\"layer-scope\">Historical2023 EPA eGRID ST23 source-reported CH4,N2O,CO2 equivalent and ozone-season NOx context. Annual CH4/N2O totals are source lbs;CO2 equivalent total is source tons;total output rates are lb/MWh. CO2 equivalent differs from raw CO2; no global-warming-potential factor assumed or recomputed,no pounds/tons/metric-tonne conversion. Source-defined ozone-season NOx is not full-year NOx or an ambient ozone concentration. Annual and seasonal rates and totals remain separate,not summed across scopes. No marginal,facility,health-risk or attributable data center emissions inference. Locator: ST23 MD row 23, STCH4RTA (State annual CH4 total output emission rate (lb/MWh)).</p></dd><dt>Egrid n2o total output rate</dt><dd>0.01 lb per MWh<span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://www.epa.gov/system/files/documents/2025-06/egrid2023_data_rev2.xlsx\">U.S. Environmental Protection Agency</a>. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 27, 2026.</span> <p class=\"layer-scope\">Historical2023 EPA eGRID ST23 source-reported CH4,N2O,CO2 equivalent and ozone-season NOx context. Annual CH4/N2O totals are source lbs;CO2 equivalent total is source tons;total output rates are lb/MWh. CO2 equivalent differs from raw CO2; no global-warming-potential factor assumed or recomputed,no pounds/tons/metric-tonne conversion. Source-defined ozone-season NOx is not full-year NOx or an ambient ozone concentration. Annual and seasonal rates and totals remain separate,not summed across scopes. No marginal,facility,health-risk or attributable data center emissions inference. Locator: ST23 MD row 23, STN2ORTA (State annual N2O total output emission rate (lb/MWh)).</p></dd></dl></article>"},{"id":"air-eia-state-emissions-2025-md","html":"<article><h3>Maryland historical power and useful thermal emissions2025 and2024</h3><p class=\"layer-scope\">EIA Table9.5 historical state2025 and2024 emissions estimates from energy consumption at conventional power and combined-heat-and-power plants. Includes electricity generation AND production of useful thermal output,not electricity-only emissions. Source unit is thousand metric tons,not eGRID source tons,pounds,CO2equivalent or emission intensity. Source CO2,SO2 and NOx are distinct pollutants,not summed as one climate measure. Displayed zero values may represent small values rounded to zero;no absence or zero-emissions certification. Retain displayed HTML precision;source says Excel cells provide additional precision,not adopted here. No direct eGRID trend or data center allocation,marginal emissions,ambient concentration,health risk,permit compliance,current2026 activity or Native facility joins.</p><dl class=\"layer-fields\"><dt>Status</dt><dd>historical<span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://www.eia.gov/electricity/annual/table.php?t=epa_09_05.html\">U.S. Energy Information Administration</a>. Source: October 21, 2026. Checked: October 28, 2026.</span> <p class=\"layer-scope\">EIA Table9.5 historical state2025 and2024 emissions estimates from energy consumption at conventional power and combined-heat-and-power plants. Includes electricity generation AND production of useful thermal output,not electricity-only emissions. Source unit is thousand metric tons,not eGRID source tons,pounds,CO2equivalent or emission intensity. Source CO2,SO2 and NOx are distinct pollutants,not summed as one climate measure. Displayed zero values may represent small values rounded to zero;no absence or zero-emissions certification. Retain displayed HTML precision;source says Excel cells provide additional precision,not adopted here. No direct eGRID trend or data center allocation,marginal emissions,ambient concentration,health risk,permit compliance,current2026 activity or Native facility joins. Locator: Table9.5 years2025 and2024.</p></dd><dt>Eia emissions basis</dt><dd>EIA Table9.5 historical state2025 and2024 emissions estimates from energy consumption at conventional power and combined-heat-and-power plants. Includes electricity generation AND production of useful thermal output,not electricity-only emissions. Source unit is thousand metric tons,not eGRID source tons,pounds,CO2equivalent or emission intensity. Source CO2,SO2 and NOx are distinct pollutants,not summed as one climate measure. Displayed zero values may represent small values rounded to zero;no absence or zero-emissions certification. Retain displayed HTML precision;source says Excel cells provide additional precision,not adopted here. No direct eGRID trend or data center allocation,marginal emissions,ambient concentration,health risk,permit compliance,current2026 activity or Native facility joins.<span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://www.eia.gov/electricity/annual/table.php?t=epa_09_05.html\">U.S. Energy Information Administration</a>. Source: October 21, 2026. Checked: October 28, 2026.</span> <p class=\"layer-scope\">EIA Table9.5 historical state2025 and2024 emissions estimates from energy consumption at conventional power and combined-heat-and-power plants. Includes electricity generation AND production of useful thermal output,not electricity-only emissions. Source unit is thousand metric tons,not eGRID source tons,pounds,CO2equivalent or emission intensity. Source CO2,SO2 and NOx are distinct pollutants,not summed as one climate measure. Displayed zero values may represent small values rounded to zero;no absence or zero-emissions certification. Retain displayed HTML precision;source says Excel cells provide additional precision,not adopted here. No direct eGRID trend or data center allocation,marginal emissions,ambient concentration,health risk,permit compliance,current2026 activity or Native facility joins. Locator: Table9.5 header and methodological notes.</p></dd><dt>Eia emissions co2 2025</dt><dd>10449.00 thousand metric tons<span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://www.eia.gov/electricity/annual/table.php?t=epa_09_05.html\">U.S. Energy Information Administration</a>. Source: October 21, 2026. Checked: October 28, 2026.</span> <p class=\"layer-scope\">EIA Table9.5 historical state2025 and2024 emissions estimates from energy consumption at conventional power and combined-heat-and-power plants. Includes electricity generation AND production of useful thermal output,not electricity-only emissions. Source unit is thousand metric tons,not eGRID source tons,pounds,CO2equivalent or emission intensity. Source CO2,SO2 and NOx are distinct pollutants,not summed as one climate measure. Displayed zero values may represent small values rounded to zero;no absence or zero-emissions certification. Retain displayed HTML precision;source says Excel cells provide additional precision,not adopted here. No direct eGRID trend or data center allocation,marginal emissions,ambient concentration,health risk,permit compliance,current2026 activity or Native facility joins. Locator: Table9.5 Maryland row;co2;Year 2025.</p></dd><dt>Eia emissions co2 2024</dt><dd>9718.00 thousand metric tons<span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://www.eia.gov/electricity/annual/table.php?t=epa_09_05.html\">U.S. Energy Information Administration</a>. Source: October 21, 2026. Checked: October 28, 2026.</span> <p class=\"layer-scope\">EIA Table9.5 historical state2025 and2024 emissions estimates from energy consumption at conventional power and combined-heat-and-power plants. Includes electricity generation AND production of useful thermal output,not electricity-only emissions. Source unit is thousand metric tons,not eGRID source tons,pounds,CO2equivalent or emission intensity. Source CO2,SO2 and NOx are distinct pollutants,not summed as one climate measure. Displayed zero values may represent small values rounded to zero;no absence or zero-emissions certification. Retain displayed HTML precision;source says Excel cells provide additional precision,not adopted here. No direct eGRID trend or data center allocation,marginal emissions,ambient concentration,health risk,permit compliance,current2026 activity or Native facility joins. Locator: Table9.5 Maryland row;co2;Year 2024.</p></dd><dt>Eia emissions so2 2025</dt><dd>2.00 thousand metric tons<span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://www.eia.gov/electricity/annual/table.php?t=epa_09_05.html\">U.S. Energy Information Administration</a>. Source: October 21, 2026. Checked: October 28, 2026.</span> <p class=\"layer-scope\">EIA Table9.5 historical state2025 and2024 emissions estimates from energy consumption at conventional power and combined-heat-and-power plants. Includes electricity generation AND production of useful thermal output,not electricity-only emissions. Source unit is thousand metric tons,not eGRID source tons,pounds,CO2equivalent or emission intensity. Source CO2,SO2 and NOx are distinct pollutants,not summed as one climate measure. Displayed zero values may represent small values rounded to zero;no absence or zero-emissions certification. Retain displayed HTML precision;source says Excel cells provide additional precision,not adopted here. No direct eGRID trend or data center allocation,marginal emissions,ambient concentration,health risk,permit compliance,current2026 activity or Native facility joins. Locator: Table9.5 Maryland row;so2;Year 2025.</p></dd><dt>Eia emissions so2 2024</dt><dd>2.00 thousand metric tons<span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://www.eia.gov/electricity/annual/table.php?t=epa_09_05.html\">U.S. Energy Information Administration</a>. Source: October 21, 2026. Checked: October 28, 2026.</span> <p class=\"layer-scope\">EIA Table9.5 historical state2025 and2024 emissions estimates from energy consumption at conventional power and combined-heat-and-power plants. Includes electricity generation AND production of useful thermal output,not electricity-only emissions. Source unit is thousand metric tons,not eGRID source tons,pounds,CO2equivalent or emission intensity. Source CO2,SO2 and NOx are distinct pollutants,not summed as one climate measure. Displayed zero values may represent small values rounded to zero;no absence or zero-emissions certification. Retain displayed HTML precision;source says Excel cells provide additional precision,not adopted here. No direct eGRID trend or data center allocation,marginal emissions,ambient concentration,health risk,permit compliance,current2026 activity or Native facility joins. Locator: Table9.5 Maryland row;so2;Year 2024.</p></dd><dt>Eia emissions nox 2025</dt><dd>6.00 thousand metric tons<span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://www.eia.gov/electricity/annual/table.php?t=epa_09_05.html\">U.S. Energy Information Administration</a>. Source: October 21, 2026. Checked: October 28, 2026.</span> <p class=\"layer-scope\">EIA Table9.5 historical state2025 and2024 emissions estimates from energy consumption at conventional power and combined-heat-and-power plants. Includes electricity generation AND production of useful thermal output,not electricity-only emissions. Source unit is thousand metric tons,not eGRID source tons,pounds,CO2equivalent or emission intensity. Source CO2,SO2 and NOx are distinct pollutants,not summed as one climate measure. Displayed zero values may represent small values rounded to zero;no absence or zero-emissions certification. Retain displayed HTML precision;source says Excel cells provide additional precision,not adopted here. No direct eGRID trend or data center allocation,marginal emissions,ambient concentration,health risk,permit compliance,current2026 activity or Native facility joins. Locator: Table9.5 Maryland row;nox;Year 2025.</p></dd><dt>Eia emissions nox 2024</dt><dd>6.00 thousand metric tons<span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://www.eia.gov/electricity/annual/table.php?t=epa_09_05.html\">U.S. Energy Information Administration</a>. Source: October 21, 2026. Checked: October 28, 2026.</span> <p class=\"layer-scope\">EIA Table9.5 historical state2025 and2024 emissions estimates from energy consumption at conventional power and combined-heat-and-power plants. Includes electricity generation AND production of useful thermal output,not electricity-only emissions. Source unit is thousand metric tons,not eGRID source tons,pounds,CO2equivalent or emission intensity. Source CO2,SO2 and NOx are distinct pollutants,not summed as one climate measure. Displayed zero values may represent small values rounded to zero;no absence or zero-emissions certification. Retain displayed HTML precision;source says Excel cells provide additional precision,not adopted here. No direct eGRID trend or data center allocation,marginal emissions,ambient concentration,health risk,permit compliance,current2026 activity or Native facility joins. Locator: Table9.5 Maryland row;nox;Year 2024.</p></dd></dl></article>"}]}