{"schema_version":1,"layer":"water","reviewed_on":"2026-10-27","coverage_note":"Selected state reporting laws and proposals, annual operator disclosures and construction dewatering permits. Withdrawal, consumption, discharge, supply allocations and forecasts are different measures. Coverage is incomplete.","items":[{"id":"water-meta-kansas-city-2024","kind":"water_report","subject":"Meta Kansas City 2024 water withdrawal","state_codes":["mo"],"scope":"Meta reported named facility withdrawal for 2024. The label may cover a campus; it is not an independent Atlas building measurement, statewide demand, approved allocation or future water requirement. Original megaliter unit and unknown site consumption remain explicit.","fields":{"status":{"value":"historical","source_ids":["meta-environmental-index-2025-20261023"],"scope":"Company disclosure of a prior year, not a permit, supply allocation or independently verified operating status.","locator":"Reporting scope PDF page 2 and water table PDF page 9"},"period":{"value":"Calendar year 2024","source_ids":["meta-environmental-index-2025-20261023"],"scope":"The report defines fiscal year 2024 as January 1 through December 31. Not 2025 activity or a daily flow.","locator":"PDF page 2 reporting scope and PDF page 9 final year column"},"validation_basis":{"value":"Operator reported","source_ids":["meta-environmental-index-2025-20261023"],"scope":"The methodology permits utility data, meters and proxy estimates where data is incomplete or unavailable. Exclusive metering is not assumed.","locator":"PDF page 18 water withdrawal methodology"},"reporting_unit":{"value":"megaliters","source_ids":["meta-environmental-index-2025-20261023"],"scope":"Original table unit, retained without conversion to gallons or a daily rate. One whole unit precision is the source rounding.","locator":"PDF page 9 table header and PDF page 13 footnote 1"},"reported_withdrawal":{"value":41,"source_ids":["meta-environmental-index-2025-20261023"],"scope":"Reported annual named facility withdrawal, rounded to a whole megaliter. Not consumption, approved supply, a city total or independently measured water use.","locator":"PDF page 9, printed I, Kansas City (MO) row, 2024 column","unit":"megaliters","measurement_role":"operator_reported_water_withdrawal","display_precision":0},"reported_discharge":{"value":null,"source_ids":["meta-environmental-index-2025-20261023"],"scope":"No named facility discharge value is established in this table. Global discharge is not apportioned to this facility.","locator":"PDF page 9 site table versus PDF page 11 aggregate discharge","unknown_reason":"No named facility discharge value is established in this table. Global discharge is not apportioned to this facility."},"reported_consumption":{"value":null,"source_ids":["meta-environmental-index-2025-20261023"],"scope":"No named facility consumption value is established in this table. Global consumption or WUE is not assigned to this facility.","locator":"PDF page 9 site table versus PDF pages 10 and 11 aggregate metrics","unknown_reason":"No named facility consumption value is established in this table. Global consumption or WUE is not assigned to this facility."},"construction_scope":{"value":"The report separately excludes 1,019 megaliters of data center construction withdrawal from its 2024 withdrawal numbers.","source_ids":["meta-environmental-index-2025-20261023"],"scope":"That aggregate is not added to this location, treated as consumption or attributed to a particular construction project.","locator":"PDF page 9 bottom note and PDF page 13 footnote 6"},"coverage_limits":{"value":"The report separately lists leased facilities, other related facilities, offices and non US locations.","source_ids":["meta-environmental-index-2025-20261023"],"scope":"These 15 named US rows are a scoped selection, not every Meta facility or an independently complete campus inventory. Rounded lines need not sum to the reported totals.","locator":"PDF page 9 table and PDF page 13 footnotes 1 and 4"},"site_assurance":{"value":null,"source_ids":["meta-environmental-index-2025-20261023"],"scope":"The report says select metrics receive limited assurance. This review does not establish a separate assurance opinion for this individual location value.","locator":"PDF page 2 assurance statement","unknown_reason":"The report says select metrics receive limited assurance. This review does not establish a separate assurance opinion for this individual location value."},"atlas_record_id":{"value":null,"source_ids":["meta-environmental-index-2025-20261023"],"scope":"No independent exact join of this reported facility label to an Atlas building, parcel or legal water customer.","locator":"Named location reporting scope","unknown_reason":"No independent exact join of this reported facility label to an Atlas building, parcel or legal water customer."},"exclusively_metered":{"value":null,"source_ids":["meta-environmental-index-2025-20261023"],"scope":"Whether every amount for this named location was exclusively metered is not established by this methodology.","locator":"PDF page 18 conditional utility and meter methodology","unknown_reason":"Whether every amount for this named location was exclusively metered is not established by this methodology."}}},{"id":"water-thermoelectric-mo-2015","kind":"water_context","subject":"Missouri historical thermoelectric water context","state_codes":["mo"],"scope":"Historical2015 state thermoelectric power estimates, including fresh and saline water. Not current2026 conditions, data center facility use, drinking water demand, permit allocation or proof of a data center effect. Withdrawal, total water use including deliveries and reclaimed wastewater, and consumptive use are distinct. Consumption may exceed withdrawal because other supplied water is included. Independent rounding is retained; no facility joins or per kWh allocation.","fields":{"historical_thermo_withdrawal":{"value":5860.0,"source_ids":["usgs-thermoelectric-2015-circular1441"],"locator":"Table12,printed43,physical51; Missouri row","scope":"Historical2015 state thermoelectric power estimates, including fresh and saline water. Not current2026 conditions, data center facility use, drinking water demand, permit allocation or proof of a data center effect. Withdrawal, total water use including deliveries and reclaimed wastewater, and consumptive use are distinct. Consumption may exceed withdrawal because other supplied water is included. Independent rounding is retained; no facility joins or per kWh allocation.","unit":"million gallons per day","measurement_role":"historical_estimated_withdrawal"},"historical_thermo_total_use":{"value":5860.0,"source_ids":["usgs-thermoelectric-2015-circular1441"],"locator":"Table12,printed43,physical51; Missouri row","scope":"Historical2015 state thermoelectric power estimates, including fresh and saline water. Not current2026 conditions, data center facility use, drinking water demand, permit allocation or proof of a data center effect. Withdrawal, total water use including deliveries and reclaimed wastewater, and consumptive use are distinct. Consumption may exceed withdrawal because other supplied water is included. Independent rounding is retained; no facility joins or per kWh allocation.","unit":"million gallons per day","measurement_role":"historical_estimated_total_water_use"},"historical_thermo_consumptive_use":{"value":90.6,"source_ids":["usgs-thermoelectric-2015-circular1441"],"locator":"Table12,printed43,physical51; Missouri row","scope":"Historical2015 state thermoelectric power estimates, including fresh and saline water. Not current2026 conditions, data center facility use, drinking water demand, permit allocation or proof of a data center effect. Withdrawal, total water use including deliveries and reclaimed wastewater, and consumptive use are distinct. Consumption may exceed withdrawal because other supplied water is included. Independent rounding is retained; no facility joins or per kWh allocation.","unit":"million gallons per day","measurement_role":"historical_estimated_consumption"},"status":{"value":"historical","source_ids":["usgs-thermoelectric-2015-circular1441"],"locator":"Table12 header and notes; thermoelectric section printed42","scope":"Historical2015 state thermoelectric power estimates, including fresh and saline water. Not current2026 conditions, data center facility use, drinking water demand, permit allocation or proof of a data center effect. Withdrawal, total water use including deliveries and reclaimed wastewater, and consumptive use are distinct. Consumption may exceed withdrawal because other supplied water is included. Independent rounding is retained; no facility joins or per kWh allocation."},"report_period":{"value":"2015","source_ids":["usgs-thermoelectric-2015-circular1441"],"locator":"Table12 header and notes; thermoelectric section printed42","scope":"Historical2015 state thermoelectric power estimates, including fresh and saline water. Not current2026 conditions, data center facility use, drinking water demand, permit allocation or proof of a data center effect. Withdrawal, total water use including deliveries and reclaimed wastewater, and consumptive use are distinct. Consumption may exceed withdrawal because other supplied water is included. Independent rounding is retained; no facility joins or per kWh allocation."},"historical_thermo_boundary":{"value":"Historical2015 state thermoelectric power estimates, including fresh and saline water. Not current2026 conditions, data center facility use, drinking water demand, permit allocation or proof of a data center effect. Withdrawal, total water use including deliveries and reclaimed wastewater, and consumptive use are distinct. Consumption may exceed withdrawal because other supplied water is included. Independent rounding is retained; no facility joins or per kWh allocation.","source_ids":["usgs-thermoelectric-2015-circular1441"],"locator":"Table12 header and notes; thermoelectric section printed42","scope":"Historical2015 state thermoelectric power estimates, including fresh and saline water. Not current2026 conditions, data center facility use, drinking water demand, permit allocation or proof of a data center effect. Withdrawal, total water use including deliveries and reclaimed wastewater, and consumptive use are distinct. Consumption may exceed withdrawal because other supplied water is included. Independent rounding is retained; no facility joins or per kWh allocation."},"once_through_withdrawal":{"value":5820.0,"source_ids":["usgs-thermoelectric-2015-circular1441"],"locator":"Table13A,physical56,printed48; Missouri row","scope":"Historical2015 thermoelectric power cooling categories: once through and recirculating. These are power plant cooling estimates, not data center cooling technology or current facility use. Withdrawal, total water use including supplied and reclaimed water, and consumptive use remain distinct. Published zero differs from not estimated. Independently rounded cooling totals are not forced to equal Table12 totals; no facility or per kWh allocation.","unit":"million gallons per day","measurement_role":"historical_estimated_withdrawal"},"once_through_total_water_use":{"value":5820.0,"source_ids":["usgs-thermoelectric-2015-circular1441"],"locator":"Table13A,physical56,printed48; Missouri row","scope":"Historical2015 thermoelectric power cooling categories: once through and recirculating. These are power plant cooling estimates, not data center cooling technology or current facility use. Withdrawal, total water use including supplied and reclaimed water, and consumptive use remain distinct. Published zero differs from not estimated. Independently rounded cooling totals are not forced to equal Table12 totals; no facility or per kWh allocation.","unit":"million gallons per day","measurement_role":"historical_estimated_total_water_use"},"once_through_consumptive_use":{"value":60.5,"source_ids":["usgs-thermoelectric-2015-circular1441"],"locator":"Table13A,physical56,printed48; Missouri row","scope":"Historical2015 thermoelectric power cooling categories: once through and recirculating. These are power plant cooling estimates, not data center cooling technology or current facility use. Withdrawal, total water use including supplied and reclaimed water, and consumptive use remain distinct. Published zero differs from not estimated. Independently rounded cooling totals are not forced to equal Table12 totals; no facility or per kWh allocation.","unit":"million gallons per day","measurement_role":"historical_estimated_consumption"},"recirculating_withdrawal":{"value":37.4,"source_ids":["usgs-thermoelectric-2015-circular1441"],"locator":"Table13B,physical57,printed49; Missouri row","scope":"Historical2015 thermoelectric power cooling categories: once through and recirculating. These are power plant cooling estimates, not data center cooling technology or current facility use. Withdrawal, total water use including supplied and reclaimed water, and consumptive use remain distinct. Published zero differs from not estimated. Independently rounded cooling totals are not forced to equal Table12 totals; no facility or per kWh allocation.","unit":"million gallons per day","measurement_role":"historical_estimated_withdrawal"},"recirculating_total_water_use":{"value":39.1,"source_ids":["usgs-thermoelectric-2015-circular1441"],"locator":"Table13B,physical57,printed49; Missouri row","scope":"Historical2015 thermoelectric power cooling categories: once through and recirculating. These are power plant cooling estimates, not data center cooling technology or current facility use. Withdrawal, total water use including supplied and reclaimed water, and consumptive use remain distinct. Published zero differs from not estimated. Independently rounded cooling totals are not forced to equal Table12 totals; no facility or per kWh allocation.","unit":"million gallons per day","measurement_role":"historical_estimated_total_water_use"},"recirculating_consumptive_use":{"value":30.1,"source_ids":["usgs-thermoelectric-2015-circular1441"],"locator":"Table13B,physical57,printed49; Missouri row","scope":"Historical2015 thermoelectric power cooling categories: once through and recirculating. These are power plant cooling estimates, not data center cooling technology or current facility use. Withdrawal, total water use including supplied and reclaimed water, and consumptive use remain distinct. Published zero differs from not estimated. Independently rounded cooling totals are not forced to equal Table12 totals; no facility or per kWh allocation.","unit":"million gallons per day","measurement_role":"historical_estimated_consumption"},"cooling_category_boundary":{"value":"Historical2015 thermoelectric power cooling categories: once through and recirculating. These are power plant cooling estimates, not data center cooling technology or current facility use. Withdrawal, total water use including supplied and reclaimed water, and consumptive use remain distinct. Published zero differs from not estimated. Independently rounded cooling totals are not forced to equal Table12 totals; no facility or per kWh allocation.","source_ids":["usgs-thermoelectric-2015-circular1441"],"locator":"Tables13A and13B headers and notes","scope":"Historical2015 thermoelectric power cooling categories: once through and recirculating. These are power plant cooling estimates, not data center cooling technology or current facility use. Withdrawal, total water use including supplied and reclaimed water, and consumptive use remain distinct. Published zero differs from not estimated. Independently rounded cooling totals are not forced to equal Table12 totals; no facility or per kWh allocation."},"historical_thermo_fresh_withdrawal":{"value":5860.0,"source_ids":["usgs-thermoelectric-2015-circular1441"],"locator":"Table12,physical51,printed43; Missouri row","scope":"Historical 2015 thermoelectric power water quality categories, fresh and saline. These are not potable water classifications, current data center use or municipal drinking water allocations. Withdrawal differs from consumptive use; supplied and reclaimed water contributions retain their separate definitions. Independently rounded fresh and saline values are not forced to equal the published total. No facility or per kWh attribution.","unit":"million gallons per day","measurement_role":"historical_estimated_freshwater_withdrawal"},"historical_thermo_saline_withdrawal":{"value":0.0,"source_ids":["usgs-thermoelectric-2015-circular1441"],"locator":"Table12,physical51,printed43; Missouri row","scope":"Historical 2015 thermoelectric power water quality categories, fresh and saline. These are not potable water classifications, current data center use or municipal drinking water allocations. Withdrawal differs from consumptive use; supplied and reclaimed water contributions retain their separate definitions. Independently rounded fresh and saline values are not forced to equal the published total. No facility or per kWh attribution.","unit":"million gallons per day","measurement_role":"historical_estimated_saline_withdrawal"},"historical_thermo_fresh_consumptive_use":{"value":90.6,"source_ids":["usgs-thermoelectric-2015-circular1441"],"locator":"Table12,physical51,printed43; Missouri row","scope":"Historical 2015 thermoelectric power water quality categories, fresh and saline. These are not potable water classifications, current data center use or municipal drinking water allocations. Withdrawal differs from consumptive use; supplied and reclaimed water contributions retain their separate definitions. Independently rounded fresh and saline values are not forced to equal the published total. No facility or per kWh attribution.","unit":"million gallons per day","measurement_role":"historical_estimated_freshwater_consumption"},"historical_thermo_saline_consumptive_use":{"value":0.0,"source_ids":["usgs-thermoelectric-2015-circular1441"],"locator":"Table12,physical51,printed43; Missouri row","scope":"Historical 2015 thermoelectric power water quality categories, fresh and saline. These are not potable water classifications, current data center use or municipal drinking water allocations. Withdrawal differs from consumptive use; supplied and reclaimed water contributions retain their separate definitions. Independently rounded fresh and saline values are not forced to equal the published total. No facility or per kWh attribution.","unit":"million gallons per day","measurement_role":"historical_estimated_saline_consumption"},"historical_water_quality_boundary":{"value":"Historical 2015 thermoelectric power water quality categories, fresh and saline. These are not potable water classifications, current data center use or municipal drinking water allocations. Withdrawal differs from consumptive use; supplied and reclaimed water contributions retain their separate definitions. Independently rounded fresh and saline values are not forced to equal the published total. No facility or per kWh attribution.","source_ids":["usgs-thermoelectric-2015-circular1441"],"locator":"Table12 headers and notes","scope":"Historical 2015 thermoelectric power water quality categories, fresh and saline. These are not potable water classifications, current data center use or municipal drinking water allocations. Withdrawal differs from consumptive use; supplied and reclaimed water contributions retain their separate definitions. Independently rounded fresh and saline values are not forced to equal the published total. No facility or per kWh attribution."},"historical_thermo_ground_fresh_withdrawal":{"value":13.8,"source_ids":["usgs-thermoelectric-2015-circular1441"],"locator":"Table12,physical51,printed43; Missouri row","scope":"Historical 2015 thermoelectric power withdrawals by groundwater and surface water, each separated into fresh and saline. These are state power generation estimates, not current data center water demand, aquifer stress, potable supply, permits or facility allocations. Withdrawal is not consumption. Independently rounded components are not forced to equal published totals; no facility or per kWh attribution.","unit":"million gallons per day","measurement_role":"historical_estimated_groundwater_fresh_withdrawal"},"historical_thermo_ground_saline_withdrawal":{"value":0.0,"source_ids":["usgs-thermoelectric-2015-circular1441"],"locator":"Table12,physical51,printed43; Missouri row","scope":"Historical 2015 thermoelectric power withdrawals by groundwater and surface water, each separated into fresh and saline. These are state power generation estimates, not current data center water demand, aquifer stress, potable supply, permits or facility allocations. Withdrawal is not consumption. Independently rounded components are not forced to equal published totals; no facility or per kWh attribution.","unit":"million gallons per day","measurement_role":"historical_estimated_groundwater_saline_withdrawal"},"historical_thermo_surface_fresh_withdrawal":{"value":5840.0,"source_ids":["usgs-thermoelectric-2015-circular1441"],"locator":"Table12,physical51,printed43; Missouri row","scope":"Historical 2015 thermoelectric power withdrawals by groundwater and surface water, each separated into fresh and saline. These are state power generation estimates, not current data center water demand, aquifer stress, potable supply, permits or facility allocations. Withdrawal is not consumption. Independently rounded components are not forced to equal published totals; no facility or per kWh attribution.","unit":"million gallons per day","measurement_role":"historical_estimated_surfacewater_fresh_withdrawal"},"historical_thermo_surface_saline_withdrawal":{"value":0.0,"source_ids":["usgs-thermoelectric-2015-circular1441"],"locator":"Table12,physical51,printed43; Missouri row","scope":"Historical 2015 thermoelectric power withdrawals by groundwater and surface water, each separated into fresh and saline. These are state power generation estimates, not current data center water demand, aquifer stress, potable supply, permits or facility allocations. Withdrawal is not consumption. Independently rounded components are not forced to equal published totals; no facility or per kWh attribution.","unit":"million gallons per day","measurement_role":"historical_estimated_surfacewater_saline_withdrawal"},"historical_water_origin_boundary":{"value":"Historical 2015 thermoelectric power withdrawals by groundwater and surface water, each separated into fresh and saline. These are state power generation estimates, not current data center water demand, aquifer stress, potable supply, permits or facility allocations. Withdrawal is not consumption. Independently rounded components are not forced to equal published totals; no facility or per kWh attribution.","source_ids":["usgs-thermoelectric-2015-circular1441"],"locator":"Table12 groundwater and surface water headers and notes","scope":"Historical 2015 thermoelectric power withdrawals by groundwater and surface water, each separated into fresh and saline. These are state power generation estimates, not current data center water demand, aquifer stress, potable supply, permits or facility allocations. Withdrawal is not consumption. Independently rounded components are not forced to equal published totals; no facility or per kWh attribution."},"historical_thermo_reclaimed_water":{"value":null,"source_ids":["usgs-thermoelectric-2015-circular1441"],"locator":"Table12,physical51,printed43; Missouri row","scope":"Historical 2015 thermoelectric power reclaimed wastewater and freshwater public supply deliveries, in million gallons per day. These inputs differ from direct withdrawals and consumptive use. A source dash means not estimated, not zero or no use; published zeros remain zero. No current data center use, potable quality certification, local supply allocation, permit, facility or per kWh inference. Independently rounded values are not forced to balance.","unit":"million gallons per day","measurement_role":"historical_estimated_reclaimed_wastewater","unknown_reason":"USGS Table12 reports a dash, defined as not estimated; no zero or absence inferred."},"historical_thermo_public_supply_deliveries":{"value":1.64,"source_ids":["usgs-thermoelectric-2015-circular1441"],"locator":"Table12,physical51,printed43; Missouri row","scope":"Historical 2015 thermoelectric power reclaimed wastewater and freshwater public supply deliveries, in million gallons per day. These inputs differ from direct withdrawals and consumptive use. A source dash means not estimated, not zero or no use; published zeros remain zero. No current data center use, potable quality certification, local supply allocation, permit, facility or per kWh inference. Independently rounded values are not forced to balance.","unit":"million gallons per day","measurement_role":"historical_estimated_public_supply_delivery"},"historical_water_delivery_boundary":{"value":"Historical 2015 thermoelectric power reclaimed wastewater and freshwater public supply deliveries, in million gallons per day. These inputs differ from direct withdrawals and consumptive use. A source dash means not estimated, not zero or no use; published zeros remain zero. No current data center use, potable quality certification, local supply allocation, permit, facility or per kWh inference. Independently rounded values are not forced to balance.","source_ids":["usgs-thermoelectric-2015-circular1441"],"locator":"Table12 reclaimed wastewater/public supply headers and dash definition","scope":"Historical 2015 thermoelectric power reclaimed wastewater and freshwater public supply deliveries, in million gallons per day. These inputs differ from direct withdrawals and consumptive use. A source dash means not estimated, not zero or no use; published zeros remain zero. No current data center use, potable quality certification, local supply allocation, permit, facility or per kWh inference. Independently rounded values are not forced to balance."},"historical_thermo_net_generation":{"value":79700.0,"source_ids":["usgs-thermoelectric-2015-circular1441"],"locator":"Table12,physical51,printed43; Missouri row","scope":"Historical 2015 net thermoelectric power generated in gigawatt hours, from the same USGS state table as water estimates. Net generation is energy, not installed capacity, peak load, gross generation, electricity sales or data center electricity use. No current-year, facility, water intensity or per kWh allocation inferred; independently rounded source values retained.","unit":"GWh","measurement_role":"historical_net_thermoelectric_generation"},"historical_generation_boundary":{"value":"Historical 2015 net thermoelectric power generated in gigawatt hours, from the same USGS state table as water estimates. Net generation is energy, not installed capacity, peak load, gross generation, electricity sales or data center electricity use. No current-year, facility, water intensity or per kWh allocation inferred; independently rounded source values retained.","source_ids":["usgs-thermoelectric-2015-circular1441"],"locator":"Table12 net power generated header, gigawatt hours","scope":"Historical 2015 net thermoelectric power generated in gigawatt hours, from the same USGS state table as water estimates. Net generation is energy, not installed capacity, peak load, gross generation, electricity sales or data center electricity use. No current-year, facility, water intensity or per kWh allocation inferred; independently rounded source values retained."}}},{"id":"water-thermoelectric-model-2020-mo","kind":"water_context","subject":"Missouri historical2020 modeled thermoelectric water context","state_codes":["mo"],"scope":"USGS2008-2020 thermoelectric water-use reanalysis,published annual output filtered to2020:modeled annual-mean million gallons/day,not observed current2026 water use.958plant-year rows cover48conterminous states,not a complete facility census or data center inventory. Withdrawals include fresh/saline rows;consumption at coastal saline plants was not modeled.54Once-through saline source zero-consumption placeholders are excluded from consumption sums,not measured zero. State best/lower/upper figures are calculated sums of source plant model estimates and thermodynamic plausibility limits,not statewide statistical confidence intervals. Do not compare directly with2015county compilation as a measured trend;methods differ. HUC12 IDs and county labels do not certify parcels;README says public model-input coordinates use interpolated HUC12 centroids,not precise plant locations. No source coordinates adopted,site joins,permit/sustainable availability/datacenter allocation or causal inference.","fields":{"status":{"value":"historical","source_ids":["usgs-thermo2020-annual-member","usgs-thermo-reanalysis-attribute-definitions","usgs-thermo-reanalysis-catalog"],"scope":"USGS2008-2020 thermoelectric water-use reanalysis,published annual output filtered to2020:modeled annual-mean million gallons/day,not observed current2026 water use.958plant-year rows cover48conterminous states,not a complete facility census or data center inventory. Withdrawals include fresh/saline rows;consumption at coastal saline plants was not modeled.54Once-through saline source zero-consumption placeholders are excluded from consumption sums,not measured zero. State best/lower/upper figures are calculated sums of source plant model estimates and thermodynamic plausibility limits,not statewide statistical confidence intervals. Do not compare directly with2015county compilation as a measured trend;methods differ. HUC12 IDs and county labels do not certify parcels;README says public model-input coordinates use interpolated HUC12 centroids,not precise plant locations. No source coordinates adopted,site joins,permit/sustainable availability/datacenter allocation or causal inference.","locator":"Annual output YEAR2020 and model provenance"},"thermo2020_period":{"value":"2020","source_ids":["usgs-thermo2020-annual-member","usgs-thermo-reanalysis-attribute-definitions","usgs-thermo-reanalysis-catalog"],"scope":"USGS2008-2020 thermoelectric water-use reanalysis,published annual output filtered to2020:modeled annual-mean million gallons/day,not observed current2026 water use.958plant-year rows cover48conterminous states,not a complete facility census or data center inventory. Withdrawals include fresh/saline rows;consumption at coastal saline plants was not modeled.54Once-through saline source zero-consumption placeholders are excluded from consumption sums,not measured zero. State best/lower/upper figures are calculated sums of source plant model estimates and thermodynamic plausibility limits,not statewide statistical confidence intervals. Do not compare directly with2015county compilation as a measured trend;methods differ. HUC12 IDs and county labels do not certify parcels;README says public model-input coordinates use interpolated HUC12 centroids,not precise plant locations. No source coordinates adopted,site joins,permit/sustainable availability/datacenter allocation or causal inference.","locator":"Annual CSV YEAR column"},"thermo2020_basis":{"value":"USGS2008-2020 thermoelectric water-use reanalysis,published annual output filtered to2020:modeled annual-mean million gallons/day,not observed current2026 water use.958plant-year rows cover48conterminous states,not a complete facility census or data center inventory. Withdrawals include fresh/saline rows;consumption at coastal saline plants was not modeled.54Once-through saline source zero-consumption placeholders are excluded from consumption sums,not measured zero. State best/lower/upper figures are calculated sums of source plant model estimates and thermodynamic plausibility limits,not statewide statistical confidence intervals. Do not compare directly with2015county compilation as a measured trend;methods differ. HUC12 IDs and county labels do not certify parcels;README says public model-input coordinates use interpolated HUC12 centroids,not precise plant locations. No source coordinates adopted,site joins,permit/sustainable availability/datacenter allocation or causal inference.","source_ids":["usgs-thermo2020-annual-member","usgs-thermo-reanalysis-attribute-definitions","usgs-thermo-reanalysis-catalog"],"scope":"USGS2008-2020 thermoelectric water-use reanalysis,published annual output filtered to2020:modeled annual-mean million gallons/day,not observed current2026 water use.958plant-year rows cover48conterminous states,not a complete facility census or data center inventory. Withdrawals include fresh/saline rows;consumption at coastal saline plants was not modeled.54Once-through saline source zero-consumption placeholders are excluded from consumption sums,not measured zero. State best/lower/upper figures are calculated sums of source plant model estimates and thermodynamic plausibility limits,not statewide statistical confidence intervals. Do not compare directly with2015county compilation as a measured trend;methods differ. HUC12 IDs and county labels do not certify parcels;README says public model-input coordinates use interpolated HUC12 centroids,not precise plant locations. No source coordinates adopted,site joins,permit/sustainable availability/datacenter allocation or causal inference.","locator":"Published annual CSV/attribute definitions/catalog model limitations"},"thermo2020_model_rows":{"value":18,"source_ids":["usgs-thermo2020-annual-member","usgs-thermo-reanalysis-attribute-definitions","usgs-thermo-reanalysis-catalog"],"scope":"USGS2008-2020 thermoelectric water-use reanalysis,published annual output filtered to2020:modeled annual-mean million gallons/day,not observed current2026 water use.958plant-year rows cover48conterminous states,not a complete facility census or data center inventory. Withdrawals include fresh/saline rows;consumption at coastal saline plants was not modeled.54Once-through saline source zero-consumption placeholders are excluded from consumption sums,not measured zero. State best/lower/upper figures are calculated sums of source plant model estimates and thermodynamic plausibility limits,not statewide statistical confidence intervals. Do not compare directly with2015county compilation as a measured trend;methods differ. HUC12 IDs and county labels do not certify parcels;README says public model-input coordinates use interpolated HUC12 centroids,not precise plant locations. No source coordinates adopted,site joins,permit/sustainable availability/datacenter allocation or causal inference.","locator":"Calculated from2020 MO rows; source estimate/plausibility fields retained,not a statistical state interval","unit":"plant-year rows","measurement_role":"calculated_count_model_plant_year_rows"},"thermo2020_consumption_modeled_rows":{"value":18,"source_ids":["usgs-thermo2020-annual-member","usgs-thermo-reanalysis-attribute-definitions","usgs-thermo-reanalysis-catalog"],"scope":"USGS2008-2020 thermoelectric water-use reanalysis,published annual output filtered to2020:modeled annual-mean million gallons/day,not observed current2026 water use.958plant-year rows cover48conterminous states,not a complete facility census or data center inventory. Withdrawals include fresh/saline rows;consumption at coastal saline plants was not modeled.54Once-through saline source zero-consumption placeholders are excluded from consumption sums,not measured zero. State best/lower/upper figures are calculated sums of source plant model estimates and thermodynamic plausibility limits,not statewide statistical confidence intervals. Do not compare directly with2015county compilation as a measured trend;methods differ. HUC12 IDs and county labels do not certify parcels;README says public model-input coordinates use interpolated HUC12 centroids,not precise plant locations. No source coordinates adopted,site joins,permit/sustainable availability/datacenter allocation or causal inference.","locator":"Calculated from2020 MO rows; source estimate/plausibility fields retained,not a statistical state interval","unit":"plant-year rows","measurement_role":"calculated_count_modeled_consumption_rows"},"thermo2020_saline_consumption_unmodeled_rows":{"value":0,"source_ids":["usgs-thermo2020-annual-member","usgs-thermo-reanalysis-attribute-definitions","usgs-thermo-reanalysis-catalog"],"scope":"USGS2008-2020 thermoelectric water-use reanalysis,published annual output filtered to2020:modeled annual-mean million gallons/day,not observed current2026 water use.958plant-year rows cover48conterminous states,not a complete facility census or data center inventory. Withdrawals include fresh/saline rows;consumption at coastal saline plants was not modeled.54Once-through saline source zero-consumption placeholders are excluded from consumption sums,not measured zero. 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No source coordinates adopted,site joins,permit/sustainable availability/datacenter allocation or causal inference.","locator":"Calculated from2020 MO rows; source estimate/plausibility fields retained,not a statistical state interval","unit":"plant-year rows","measurement_role":"calculated_count_saline_consumption_unmodeled_rows"},"thermo2020_withdrawal_sum":{"value":3582.487028368717,"source_ids":["usgs-thermo2020-annual-member","usgs-thermo-reanalysis-attribute-definitions","usgs-thermo-reanalysis-catalog"],"scope":"USGS2008-2020 thermoelectric water-use reanalysis,published annual output filtered to2020:modeled annual-mean million gallons/day,not observed current2026 water use.958plant-year rows cover48conterminous states,not a complete facility census or data center inventory. Withdrawals include fresh/saline rows;consumption at coastal saline plants was not modeled.54Once-through saline source zero-consumption placeholders are excluded from consumption sums,not measured zero. 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No source coordinates adopted,site joins,permit/sustainable availability/datacenter allocation or causal inference.","locator":"Calculated from2020 MO rows; source estimate/plausibility fields retained,not a statistical state interval","unit":"million gallons per day","measurement_role":"calculated_sum_model_withdrawal"},"thermo2020_withdrawal_lower_sum":{"value":1636.7073954304117,"source_ids":["usgs-thermo2020-annual-member","usgs-thermo-reanalysis-attribute-definitions","usgs-thermo-reanalysis-catalog"],"scope":"USGS2008-2020 thermoelectric water-use reanalysis,published annual output filtered to2020:modeled annual-mean million gallons/day,not observed current2026 water use.958plant-year rows cover48conterminous states,not a complete facility census or data center inventory. Withdrawals include fresh/saline rows;consumption at coastal saline plants was not modeled.54Once-through saline source zero-consumption placeholders are excluded from consumption sums,not measured zero. 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A category with no selected rows has a calculated count and sum of zero within this dataset,not evidence of no statewide physical use. All five mutually exclusive model categories partition these rows;saline consumption remains unmodeled and is not inferred from withdrawals. No source coordinates,Native joins,facility or data center allocation.","source_ids":["usgs-thermo2020-annual-member","usgs-thermo-reanalysis-attribute-definitions","usgs-thermo-reanalysis-catalog"],"scope":"Historical2020 USGS model-assigned cooling-system categories within the958 reviewed plant-year rows. Counts are model rows,not separate cooling systems or complete state facility counts. Complex means more than one cooling system type;do not distribute Complex rows among other categories. Once-through fresh and saline are literal source categories;do not classify all other categories as freshwater. 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No source coordinates,Native joins,facility or data center allocation.","locator":"Calculated count of MO YEAR2020 rows with exact coolingType=Once-through fresh","unit":"plant-year rows","measurement_role":"calculated_count_model_cooling_category_rows"},"thermo2020_cooling_once_fresh_withdrawal":{"value":3373.514117690032,"source_ids":["usgs-thermo2020-annual-member","usgs-thermo-reanalysis-attribute-definitions","usgs-thermo-reanalysis-catalog"],"scope":"Historical2020 USGS model-assigned cooling-system categories within the958 reviewed plant-year rows. Counts are model rows,not separate cooling systems or complete state facility counts. Complex means more than one cooling system type;do not distribute Complex rows among other categories. Once-through fresh and saline are literal source categories;do not classify all other categories as freshwater. Withdrawal sums are modeled annual-mean million gallons/day,not consumption,discharge,permits or available supply. 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No source coordinates,Native joins,facility or data center allocation.","locator":"Calculated count of MO YEAR2020 rows with exact coolingType=Complex","unit":"plant-year rows","measurement_role":"calculated_count_model_cooling_category_rows"},"thermo2020_cooling_complex_withdrawal":{"value":181.836835231004,"source_ids":["usgs-thermo2020-annual-member","usgs-thermo-reanalysis-attribute-definitions","usgs-thermo-reanalysis-catalog"],"scope":"Historical2020 USGS model-assigned cooling-system categories within the958 reviewed plant-year rows. Counts are model rows,not separate cooling systems or complete state facility counts. Complex means more than one cooling system type;do not distribute Complex rows among other categories. Once-through fresh and saline are literal source categories;do not classify all other categories as freshwater. Withdrawal sums are modeled annual-mean million gallons/day,not consumption,discharge,permits or available supply. 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No source coordinates,Native joins,facility or data center allocation.","locator":"Calculated count of MO YEAR2020 rows with exact coolingType=Once-through saline","unit":"plant-year rows","measurement_role":"calculated_count_model_cooling_category_rows"},"thermo2020_cooling_once_saline_withdrawal":{"value":0.0,"source_ids":["usgs-thermo2020-annual-member","usgs-thermo-reanalysis-attribute-definitions","usgs-thermo-reanalysis-catalog"],"scope":"Historical2020 USGS model-assigned cooling-system categories within the958 reviewed plant-year rows. Counts are model rows,not separate cooling systems or complete state facility counts. Complex means more than one cooling system type;do not distribute Complex rows among other categories. Once-through fresh and saline are literal source categories;do not classify all other categories as freshwater. Withdrawal sums are modeled annual-mean million gallons/day,not consumption,discharge,permits or available supply. 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No source coordinates adopted,site joins,permit/sustainable availability/datacenter allocation or causal inference.","checked_at":"2026-10-27T22:10:39.568488+00:00","sha256":"da1a426d2920c63a91a66ac5c45cc21541d8f0fb807275491570c49f9356dda3","raw_path":"/Users/shaunwilson/Documents/Data Centers Atlas/build/cache/layers-20261023/usgs-thermo-reanalysis-attributes-20261027.bin","tier":"A","establishes_status":["historical"]},"usgs-thermo-reanalysis-catalog":{"url":"https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/item/63adc826d34e92aad3ca5af4?format=json","title":"Thermoelectric reanalysis2008-2020 catalog and limitations","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","published_on":null,"date_note":"Catalog dataset publication2023-10-31;individual metadata revision day not established.","scope":"USGS2008-2020 thermoelectric water-use reanalysis,published annual output filtered to2020:modeled annual-mean million gallons/day,not observed current2026 water use.958plant-year rows cover48conterminous states,not a complete facility census or data center inventory. Withdrawals include fresh/saline rows;consumption at coastal saline plants was not modeled.54Once-through saline source zero-consumption placeholders are excluded from consumption sums,not measured zero. State best/lower/upper figures are calculated sums of source plant model estimates and thermodynamic plausibility limits,not statewide statistical confidence intervals. Do not compare directly with2015county compilation as a measured trend;methods differ. HUC12 IDs and county labels do not certify parcels;README says public model-input coordinates use interpolated HUC12 centroids,not precise plant locations. No source coordinates adopted,site joins,permit/sustainable availability/datacenter allocation or causal inference.","checked_at":"2026-10-27T22:05:54.160633+00:00","sha256":"782d5e88048b3a7d076539539a78a4beb382d5891ae5fa84f77d87fcdd5d5cc1","raw_path":"/Users/shaunwilson/Documents/Data Centers Atlas/build/cache/layers-20261023/usgs-thermo-reanalysis-catalog-json-20261027.bin","tier":"A","establishes_status":["historical"]}},"details":[{"id":"water-meta-kansas-city-2024","html":"

Meta Kansas City 2024 water withdrawal

Meta reported named facility withdrawal for 2024. The label may cover a campus; it is not an independent Atlas building measurement, statewide demand, approved allocation or future water requirement. Original megaliter unit and unknown site consumption remain explicit.

Status
historicalMeta Platforms. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 23, 2026.

Company disclosure of a prior year, not a permit, supply allocation or independently verified operating status. Locator: Reporting scope PDF page 2 and water table PDF page 9.

Period
Calendar year 2024Meta Platforms. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 23, 2026.

The report defines fiscal year 2024 as January 1 through December 31. Not 2025 activity or a daily flow. Locator: PDF page 2 reporting scope and PDF page 9 final year column.

Validation basis
Operator reportedMeta Platforms. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 23, 2026.

The methodology permits utility data, meters and proxy estimates where data is incomplete or unavailable. Exclusive metering is not assumed. Locator: PDF page 18 water withdrawal methodology.

Reporting unit
megalitersMeta Platforms. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 23, 2026.

Original table unit, retained without conversion to gallons or a daily rate. One whole unit precision is the source rounding. Locator: PDF page 9 table header and PDF page 13 footnote 1.

Reported withdrawal
41 megalitersMeta Platforms. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 23, 2026.

Reported annual named facility withdrawal, rounded to a whole megaliter. Not consumption, approved supply, a city total or independently measured water use. Locator: PDF page 9, printed I, Kansas City (MO) row, 2024 column.

Reported discharge
Not establishedMeta Platforms. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 23, 2026.

No named facility discharge value is established in this table. Global discharge is not apportioned to this facility. Locator: PDF page 9 site table versus PDF page 11 aggregate discharge.

Reported consumption
Not establishedMeta Platforms. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 23, 2026.

No named facility consumption value is established in this table. Global consumption or WUE is not assigned to this facility. Locator: PDF page 9 site table versus PDF pages 10 and 11 aggregate metrics.

Construction scope
The report separately excludes 1,019 megaliters of data center construction withdrawal from its 2024 withdrawal numbers.Meta Platforms. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 23, 2026.

That aggregate is not added to this location, treated as consumption or attributed to a particular construction project. Locator: PDF page 9 bottom note and PDF page 13 footnote 6.

Coverage limits
The report separately lists leased facilities, other related facilities, offices and non US locations.Meta Platforms. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 23, 2026.

These 15 named US rows are a scoped selection, not every Meta facility or an independently complete campus inventory. Rounded lines need not sum to the reported totals. Locator: PDF page 9 table and PDF page 13 footnotes 1 and 4.

Site assurance
Not establishedMeta Platforms. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 23, 2026.

The report says select metrics receive limited assurance. This review does not establish a separate assurance opinion for this individual location value. Locator: PDF page 2 assurance statement.

Atlas record id
Not establishedMeta Platforms. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 23, 2026.

No independent exact join of this reported facility label to an Atlas building, parcel or legal water customer. Locator: Named location reporting scope.

Exclusively metered
Not establishedMeta Platforms. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 23, 2026.

Whether every amount for this named location was exclusively metered is not established by this methodology. Locator: PDF page 18 conditional utility and meter methodology.

"},{"id":"water-thermoelectric-mo-2015","html":"

Missouri historical thermoelectric water context

Historical2015 state thermoelectric power estimates, including fresh and saline water. Not current2026 conditions, data center facility use, drinking water demand, permit allocation or proof of a data center effect. Withdrawal, total water use including deliveries and reclaimed wastewater, and consumptive use are distinct. Consumption may exceed withdrawal because other supplied water is included. Independent rounding is retained; no facility joins or per kWh allocation.

Historical thermo withdrawal
5860.00 million gallons per dayU.S. Geological Survey. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 26, 2026.

Historical2015 state thermoelectric power estimates, including fresh and saline water. Not current2026 conditions, data center facility use, drinking water demand, permit allocation or proof of a data center effect. Withdrawal, total water use including deliveries and reclaimed wastewater, and consumptive use are distinct. Consumption may exceed withdrawal because other supplied water is included. Independent rounding is retained; no facility joins or per kWh allocation. Locator: Table12,printed43,physical51; Missouri row.

Historical thermo total use
5860.00 million gallons per dayU.S. Geological Survey. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 26, 2026.

Historical2015 state thermoelectric power estimates, including fresh and saline water. Not current2026 conditions, data center facility use, drinking water demand, permit allocation or proof of a data center effect. Withdrawal, total water use including deliveries and reclaimed wastewater, and consumptive use are distinct. Consumption may exceed withdrawal because other supplied water is included. Independent rounding is retained; no facility joins or per kWh allocation. Locator: Table12,printed43,physical51; Missouri row.

Historical thermo consumptive use
90.60 million gallons per dayU.S. Geological Survey. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 26, 2026.

Historical2015 state thermoelectric power estimates, including fresh and saline water. Not current2026 conditions, data center facility use, drinking water demand, permit allocation or proof of a data center effect. Withdrawal, total water use including deliveries and reclaimed wastewater, and consumptive use are distinct. Consumption may exceed withdrawal because other supplied water is included. Independent rounding is retained; no facility joins or per kWh allocation. Locator: Table12,printed43,physical51; Missouri row.

Status
historicalU.S. Geological Survey. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 26, 2026.

Historical2015 state thermoelectric power estimates, including fresh and saline water. Not current2026 conditions, data center facility use, drinking water demand, permit allocation or proof of a data center effect. Withdrawal, total water use including deliveries and reclaimed wastewater, and consumptive use are distinct. Consumption may exceed withdrawal because other supplied water is included. Independent rounding is retained; no facility joins or per kWh allocation. Locator: Table12 header and notes; thermoelectric section printed42.

Report period
2015U.S. Geological Survey. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 26, 2026.

Historical2015 state thermoelectric power estimates, including fresh and saline water. Not current2026 conditions, data center facility use, drinking water demand, permit allocation or proof of a data center effect. Withdrawal, total water use including deliveries and reclaimed wastewater, and consumptive use are distinct. Consumption may exceed withdrawal because other supplied water is included. Independent rounding is retained; no facility joins or per kWh allocation. Locator: Table12 header and notes; thermoelectric section printed42.

Historical thermo boundary
Historical2015 state thermoelectric power estimates, including fresh and saline water. Not current2026 conditions, data center facility use, drinking water demand, permit allocation or proof of a data center effect. Withdrawal, total water use including deliveries and reclaimed wastewater, and consumptive use are distinct. Consumption may exceed withdrawal because other supplied water is included. Independent rounding is retained; no facility joins or per kWh allocation.U.S. Geological Survey. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 26, 2026.

Historical2015 state thermoelectric power estimates, including fresh and saline water. Not current2026 conditions, data center facility use, drinking water demand, permit allocation or proof of a data center effect. Withdrawal, total water use including deliveries and reclaimed wastewater, and consumptive use are distinct. Consumption may exceed withdrawal because other supplied water is included. Independent rounding is retained; no facility joins or per kWh allocation. Locator: Table12 header and notes; thermoelectric section printed42.

Once through withdrawal
5820.00 million gallons per dayU.S. Geological Survey. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 26, 2026.

Historical2015 thermoelectric power cooling categories: once through and recirculating. These are power plant cooling estimates, not data center cooling technology or current facility use. Withdrawal, total water use including supplied and reclaimed water, and consumptive use remain distinct. Published zero differs from not estimated. Independently rounded cooling totals are not forced to equal Table12 totals; no facility or per kWh allocation. Locator: Table13A,physical56,printed48; Missouri row.

Once through total water use
5820.00 million gallons per dayU.S. Geological Survey. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 26, 2026.

Historical2015 thermoelectric power cooling categories: once through and recirculating. These are power plant cooling estimates, not data center cooling technology or current facility use. Withdrawal, total water use including supplied and reclaimed water, and consumptive use remain distinct. Published zero differs from not estimated. Independently rounded cooling totals are not forced to equal Table12 totals; no facility or per kWh allocation. Locator: Table13A,physical56,printed48; Missouri row.

Once through consumptive use
60.50 million gallons per dayU.S. Geological Survey. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 26, 2026.

Historical2015 thermoelectric power cooling categories: once through and recirculating. These are power plant cooling estimates, not data center cooling technology or current facility use. Withdrawal, total water use including supplied and reclaimed water, and consumptive use remain distinct. Published zero differs from not estimated. Independently rounded cooling totals are not forced to equal Table12 totals; no facility or per kWh allocation. Locator: Table13A,physical56,printed48; Missouri row.

Recirculating withdrawal
37.40 million gallons per dayU.S. Geological Survey. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 26, 2026.

Historical2015 thermoelectric power cooling categories: once through and recirculating. These are power plant cooling estimates, not data center cooling technology or current facility use. Withdrawal, total water use including supplied and reclaimed water, and consumptive use remain distinct. Published zero differs from not estimated. Independently rounded cooling totals are not forced to equal Table12 totals; no facility or per kWh allocation. Locator: Table13B,physical57,printed49; Missouri row.

Recirculating total water use
39.10 million gallons per dayU.S. Geological Survey. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 26, 2026.

Historical2015 thermoelectric power cooling categories: once through and recirculating. These are power plant cooling estimates, not data center cooling technology or current facility use. Withdrawal, total water use including supplied and reclaimed water, and consumptive use remain distinct. Published zero differs from not estimated. Independently rounded cooling totals are not forced to equal Table12 totals; no facility or per kWh allocation. Locator: Table13B,physical57,printed49; Missouri row.

Recirculating consumptive use
30.10 million gallons per dayU.S. Geological Survey. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 26, 2026.

Historical2015 thermoelectric power cooling categories: once through and recirculating. These are power plant cooling estimates, not data center cooling technology or current facility use. Withdrawal, total water use including supplied and reclaimed water, and consumptive use remain distinct. Published zero differs from not estimated. Independently rounded cooling totals are not forced to equal Table12 totals; no facility or per kWh allocation. Locator: Table13B,physical57,printed49; Missouri row.

Cooling category boundary
Historical2015 thermoelectric power cooling categories: once through and recirculating. These are power plant cooling estimates, not data center cooling technology or current facility use. Withdrawal, total water use including supplied and reclaimed water, and consumptive use remain distinct. Published zero differs from not estimated. Independently rounded cooling totals are not forced to equal Table12 totals; no facility or per kWh allocation.U.S. Geological Survey. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 26, 2026.

Historical2015 thermoelectric power cooling categories: once through and recirculating. These are power plant cooling estimates, not data center cooling technology or current facility use. Withdrawal, total water use including supplied and reclaimed water, and consumptive use remain distinct. Published zero differs from not estimated. Independently rounded cooling totals are not forced to equal Table12 totals; no facility or per kWh allocation. Locator: Tables13A and13B headers and notes.

Historical thermo fresh withdrawal
5860.00 million gallons per dayU.S. Geological Survey. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 26, 2026.

Historical 2015 thermoelectric power water quality categories, fresh and saline. These are not potable water classifications, current data center use or municipal drinking water allocations. Withdrawal differs from consumptive use; supplied and reclaimed water contributions retain their separate definitions. Independently rounded fresh and saline values are not forced to equal the published total. No facility or per kWh attribution. Locator: Table12,physical51,printed43; Missouri row.

Historical thermo saline withdrawal
0.00 million gallons per dayU.S. Geological Survey. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 26, 2026.

Historical 2015 thermoelectric power water quality categories, fresh and saline. These are not potable water classifications, current data center use or municipal drinking water allocations. Withdrawal differs from consumptive use; supplied and reclaimed water contributions retain their separate definitions. Independently rounded fresh and saline values are not forced to equal the published total. No facility or per kWh attribution. Locator: Table12,physical51,printed43; Missouri row.

Historical thermo fresh consumptive use
90.60 million gallons per dayU.S. Geological Survey. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 26, 2026.

Historical 2015 thermoelectric power water quality categories, fresh and saline. These are not potable water classifications, current data center use or municipal drinking water allocations. Withdrawal differs from consumptive use; supplied and reclaimed water contributions retain their separate definitions. Independently rounded fresh and saline values are not forced to equal the published total. No facility or per kWh attribution. Locator: Table12,physical51,printed43; Missouri row.

Historical thermo saline consumptive use
0.00 million gallons per dayU.S. Geological Survey. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 26, 2026.

Historical 2015 thermoelectric power water quality categories, fresh and saline. These are not potable water classifications, current data center use or municipal drinking water allocations. Withdrawal differs from consumptive use; supplied and reclaimed water contributions retain their separate definitions. Independently rounded fresh and saline values are not forced to equal the published total. No facility or per kWh attribution. Locator: Table12,physical51,printed43; Missouri row.

Historical water quality boundary
Historical 2015 thermoelectric power water quality categories, fresh and saline. These are not potable water classifications, current data center use or municipal drinking water allocations. Withdrawal differs from consumptive use; supplied and reclaimed water contributions retain their separate definitions. Independently rounded fresh and saline values are not forced to equal the published total. No facility or per kWh attribution.U.S. Geological Survey. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 26, 2026.

Historical 2015 thermoelectric power water quality categories, fresh and saline. These are not potable water classifications, current data center use or municipal drinking water allocations. Withdrawal differs from consumptive use; supplied and reclaimed water contributions retain their separate definitions. Independently rounded fresh and saline values are not forced to equal the published total. No facility or per kWh attribution. Locator: Table12 headers and notes.

Historical thermo ground fresh withdrawal
13.80 million gallons per dayU.S. Geological Survey. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 26, 2026.

Historical 2015 thermoelectric power withdrawals by groundwater and surface water, each separated into fresh and saline. These are state power generation estimates, not current data center water demand, aquifer stress, potable supply, permits or facility allocations. Withdrawal is not consumption. Independently rounded components are not forced to equal published totals; no facility or per kWh attribution. Locator: Table12,physical51,printed43; Missouri row.

Historical thermo ground saline withdrawal
0.00 million gallons per dayU.S. Geological Survey. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 26, 2026.

Historical 2015 thermoelectric power withdrawals by groundwater and surface water, each separated into fresh and saline. These are state power generation estimates, not current data center water demand, aquifer stress, potable supply, permits or facility allocations. Withdrawal is not consumption. Independently rounded components are not forced to equal published totals; no facility or per kWh attribution. Locator: Table12,physical51,printed43; Missouri row.

Historical thermo surface fresh withdrawal
5840.00 million gallons per dayU.S. Geological Survey. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 26, 2026.

Historical 2015 thermoelectric power withdrawals by groundwater and surface water, each separated into fresh and saline. These are state power generation estimates, not current data center water demand, aquifer stress, potable supply, permits or facility allocations. Withdrawal is not consumption. Independently rounded components are not forced to equal published totals; no facility or per kWh attribution. Locator: Table12,physical51,printed43; Missouri row.

Historical thermo surface saline withdrawal
0.00 million gallons per dayU.S. Geological Survey. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 26, 2026.

Historical 2015 thermoelectric power withdrawals by groundwater and surface water, each separated into fresh and saline. These are state power generation estimates, not current data center water demand, aquifer stress, potable supply, permits or facility allocations. Withdrawal is not consumption. Independently rounded components are not forced to equal published totals; no facility or per kWh attribution. Locator: Table12,physical51,printed43; Missouri row.

Historical water origin boundary
Historical 2015 thermoelectric power withdrawals by groundwater and surface water, each separated into fresh and saline. These are state power generation estimates, not current data center water demand, aquifer stress, potable supply, permits or facility allocations. Withdrawal is not consumption. Independently rounded components are not forced to equal published totals; no facility or per kWh attribution.U.S. Geological Survey. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 26, 2026.

Historical 2015 thermoelectric power withdrawals by groundwater and surface water, each separated into fresh and saline. These are state power generation estimates, not current data center water demand, aquifer stress, potable supply, permits or facility allocations. Withdrawal is not consumption. Independently rounded components are not forced to equal published totals; no facility or per kWh attribution. Locator: Table12 groundwater and surface water headers and notes.

Historical thermo reclaimed water
Not establishedU.S. Geological Survey. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 26, 2026.

Historical 2015 thermoelectric power reclaimed wastewater and freshwater public supply deliveries, in million gallons per day. These inputs differ from direct withdrawals and consumptive use. A source dash means not estimated, not zero or no use; published zeros remain zero. No current data center use, potable quality certification, local supply allocation, permit, facility or per kWh inference. Independently rounded values are not forced to balance. Locator: Table12,physical51,printed43; Missouri row.

Historical thermo public supply deliveries
1.64 million gallons per dayU.S. Geological Survey. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 26, 2026.

Historical 2015 thermoelectric power reclaimed wastewater and freshwater public supply deliveries, in million gallons per day. These inputs differ from direct withdrawals and consumptive use. A source dash means not estimated, not zero or no use; published zeros remain zero. No current data center use, potable quality certification, local supply allocation, permit, facility or per kWh inference. Independently rounded values are not forced to balance. Locator: Table12,physical51,printed43; Missouri row.

Historical water delivery boundary
Historical 2015 thermoelectric power reclaimed wastewater and freshwater public supply deliveries, in million gallons per day. These inputs differ from direct withdrawals and consumptive use. A source dash means not estimated, not zero or no use; published zeros remain zero. No current data center use, potable quality certification, local supply allocation, permit, facility or per kWh inference. Independently rounded values are not forced to balance.U.S. Geological Survey. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 26, 2026.

Historical 2015 thermoelectric power reclaimed wastewater and freshwater public supply deliveries, in million gallons per day. These inputs differ from direct withdrawals and consumptive use. A source dash means not estimated, not zero or no use; published zeros remain zero. No current data center use, potable quality certification, local supply allocation, permit, facility or per kWh inference. Independently rounded values are not forced to balance. Locator: Table12 reclaimed wastewater/public supply headers and dash definition.

Historical thermo net generation
79700.00 GWhU.S. Geological Survey. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 26, 2026.

Historical 2015 net thermoelectric power generated in gigawatt hours, from the same USGS state table as water estimates. Net generation is energy, not installed capacity, peak load, gross generation, electricity sales or data center electricity use. No current-year, facility, water intensity or per kWh allocation inferred; independently rounded source values retained. Locator: Table12,physical51,printed43; Missouri row.

Historical generation boundary
Historical 2015 net thermoelectric power generated in gigawatt hours, from the same USGS state table as water estimates. Net generation is energy, not installed capacity, peak load, gross generation, electricity sales or data center electricity use. No current-year, facility, water intensity or per kWh allocation inferred; independently rounded source values retained.U.S. Geological Survey. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 26, 2026.

Historical 2015 net thermoelectric power generated in gigawatt hours, from the same USGS state table as water estimates. Net generation is energy, not installed capacity, peak load, gross generation, electricity sales or data center electricity use. No current-year, facility, water intensity or per kWh allocation inferred; independently rounded source values retained. Locator: Table12 net power generated header, gigawatt hours.

"},{"id":"water-thermoelectric-model-2020-mo","html":"

Missouri historical2020 modeled thermoelectric water context

USGS2008-2020 thermoelectric water-use reanalysis,published annual output filtered to2020:modeled annual-mean million gallons/day,not observed current2026 water use.958plant-year rows cover48conterminous states,not a complete facility census or data center inventory. Withdrawals include fresh/saline rows;consumption at coastal saline plants was not modeled.54Once-through saline source zero-consumption placeholders are excluded from consumption sums,not measured zero. State best/lower/upper figures are calculated sums of source plant model estimates and thermodynamic plausibility limits,not statewide statistical confidence intervals. Do not compare directly with2015county compilation as a measured trend;methods differ. HUC12 IDs and county labels do not certify parcels;README says public model-input coordinates use interpolated HUC12 centroids,not precise plant locations. No source coordinates adopted,site joins,permit/sustainable availability/datacenter allocation or causal inference.

Status
historicalU.S. Geological Survey. Source: October 31, 2023. Checked: October 27, 2026. U.S. Geological Survey. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 27, 2026. U.S. Geological Survey. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 27, 2026.

USGS2008-2020 thermoelectric water-use reanalysis,published annual output filtered to2020:modeled annual-mean million gallons/day,not observed current2026 water use.958plant-year rows cover48conterminous states,not a complete facility census or data center inventory. Withdrawals include fresh/saline rows;consumption at coastal saline plants was not modeled.54Once-through saline source zero-consumption placeholders are excluded from consumption sums,not measured zero. State best/lower/upper figures are calculated sums of source plant model estimates and thermodynamic plausibility limits,not statewide statistical confidence intervals. Do not compare directly with2015county compilation as a measured trend;methods differ. HUC12 IDs and county labels do not certify parcels;README says public model-input coordinates use interpolated HUC12 centroids,not precise plant locations. No source coordinates adopted,site joins,permit/sustainable availability/datacenter allocation or causal inference. Locator: Annual output YEAR2020 and model provenance.

Thermo2020 period
2020U.S. Geological Survey. Source: October 31, 2023. Checked: October 27, 2026. U.S. Geological Survey. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 27, 2026. U.S. Geological Survey. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 27, 2026.

USGS2008-2020 thermoelectric water-use reanalysis,published annual output filtered to2020:modeled annual-mean million gallons/day,not observed current2026 water use.958plant-year rows cover48conterminous states,not a complete facility census or data center inventory. Withdrawals include fresh/saline rows;consumption at coastal saline plants was not modeled.54Once-through saline source zero-consumption placeholders are excluded from consumption sums,not measured zero. State best/lower/upper figures are calculated sums of source plant model estimates and thermodynamic plausibility limits,not statewide statistical confidence intervals. Do not compare directly with2015county compilation as a measured trend;methods differ. HUC12 IDs and county labels do not certify parcels;README says public model-input coordinates use interpolated HUC12 centroids,not precise plant locations. No source coordinates adopted,site joins,permit/sustainable availability/datacenter allocation or causal inference. Locator: Annual CSV YEAR column.

Thermo2020 basis
USGS2008-2020 thermoelectric water-use reanalysis,published annual output filtered to2020:modeled annual-mean million gallons/day,not observed current2026 water use.958plant-year rows cover48conterminous states,not a complete facility census or data center inventory. Withdrawals include fresh/saline rows;consumption at coastal saline plants was not modeled.54Once-through saline source zero-consumption placeholders are excluded from consumption sums,not measured zero. State best/lower/upper figures are calculated sums of source plant model estimates and thermodynamic plausibility limits,not statewide statistical confidence intervals. Do not compare directly with2015county compilation as a measured trend;methods differ. HUC12 IDs and county labels do not certify parcels;README says public model-input coordinates use interpolated HUC12 centroids,not precise plant locations. No source coordinates adopted,site joins,permit/sustainable availability/datacenter allocation or causal inference.U.S. Geological Survey. Source: October 31, 2023. Checked: October 27, 2026. U.S. Geological Survey. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 27, 2026. U.S. Geological Survey. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 27, 2026.

USGS2008-2020 thermoelectric water-use reanalysis,published annual output filtered to2020:modeled annual-mean million gallons/day,not observed current2026 water use.958plant-year rows cover48conterminous states,not a complete facility census or data center inventory. Withdrawals include fresh/saline rows;consumption at coastal saline plants was not modeled.54Once-through saline source zero-consumption placeholders are excluded from consumption sums,not measured zero. State best/lower/upper figures are calculated sums of source plant model estimates and thermodynamic plausibility limits,not statewide statistical confidence intervals. Do not compare directly with2015county compilation as a measured trend;methods differ. HUC12 IDs and county labels do not certify parcels;README says public model-input coordinates use interpolated HUC12 centroids,not precise plant locations. No source coordinates adopted,site joins,permit/sustainable availability/datacenter allocation or causal inference. Locator: Published annual CSV/attribute definitions/catalog model limitations.

Thermo2020 model rows
18 plant-year rowsU.S. Geological Survey. Source: October 31, 2023. Checked: October 27, 2026. U.S. Geological Survey. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 27, 2026. U.S. Geological Survey. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 27, 2026.

USGS2008-2020 thermoelectric water-use reanalysis,published annual output filtered to2020:modeled annual-mean million gallons/day,not observed current2026 water use.958plant-year rows cover48conterminous states,not a complete facility census or data center inventory. Withdrawals include fresh/saline rows;consumption at coastal saline plants was not modeled.54Once-through saline source zero-consumption placeholders are excluded from consumption sums,not measured zero. State best/lower/upper figures are calculated sums of source plant model estimates and thermodynamic plausibility limits,not statewide statistical confidence intervals. Do not compare directly with2015county compilation as a measured trend;methods differ. HUC12 IDs and county labels do not certify parcels;README says public model-input coordinates use interpolated HUC12 centroids,not precise plant locations. No source coordinates adopted,site joins,permit/sustainable availability/datacenter allocation or causal inference. Locator: Calculated from2020 MO rows; source estimate/plausibility fields retained,not a statistical state interval.

Thermo2020 consumption modeled rows
18 plant-year rowsU.S. Geological Survey. Source: October 31, 2023. Checked: October 27, 2026. U.S. Geological Survey. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 27, 2026. U.S. Geological Survey. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 27, 2026.

USGS2008-2020 thermoelectric water-use reanalysis,published annual output filtered to2020:modeled annual-mean million gallons/day,not observed current2026 water use.958plant-year rows cover48conterminous states,not a complete facility census or data center inventory. Withdrawals include fresh/saline rows;consumption at coastal saline plants was not modeled.54Once-through saline source zero-consumption placeholders are excluded from consumption sums,not measured zero. State best/lower/upper figures are calculated sums of source plant model estimates and thermodynamic plausibility limits,not statewide statistical confidence intervals. Do not compare directly with2015county compilation as a measured trend;methods differ. HUC12 IDs and county labels do not certify parcels;README says public model-input coordinates use interpolated HUC12 centroids,not precise plant locations. No source coordinates adopted,site joins,permit/sustainable availability/datacenter allocation or causal inference. Locator: Calculated from2020 MO rows; source estimate/plausibility fields retained,not a statistical state interval.

Thermo2020 saline consumption unmodeled rows
0 plant-year rowsU.S. Geological Survey. Source: October 31, 2023. Checked: October 27, 2026. U.S. Geological Survey. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 27, 2026. U.S. Geological Survey. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 27, 2026.

USGS2008-2020 thermoelectric water-use reanalysis,published annual output filtered to2020:modeled annual-mean million gallons/day,not observed current2026 water use.958plant-year rows cover48conterminous states,not a complete facility census or data center inventory. Withdrawals include fresh/saline rows;consumption at coastal saline plants was not modeled.54Once-through saline source zero-consumption placeholders are excluded from consumption sums,not measured zero. State best/lower/upper figures are calculated sums of source plant model estimates and thermodynamic plausibility limits,not statewide statistical confidence intervals. Do not compare directly with2015county compilation as a measured trend;methods differ. HUC12 IDs and county labels do not certify parcels;README says public model-input coordinates use interpolated HUC12 centroids,not precise plant locations. No source coordinates adopted,site joins,permit/sustainable availability/datacenter allocation or causal inference. Locator: Calculated from2020 MO rows; source estimate/plausibility fields retained,not a statistical state interval.

Thermo2020 withdrawal sum
3582.49 million gallons per dayU.S. Geological Survey. Source: October 31, 2023. Checked: October 27, 2026. U.S. Geological Survey. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 27, 2026. U.S. Geological Survey. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 27, 2026.

USGS2008-2020 thermoelectric water-use reanalysis,published annual output filtered to2020:modeled annual-mean million gallons/day,not observed current2026 water use.958plant-year rows cover48conterminous states,not a complete facility census or data center inventory. Withdrawals include fresh/saline rows;consumption at coastal saline plants was not modeled.54Once-through saline source zero-consumption placeholders are excluded from consumption sums,not measured zero. State best/lower/upper figures are calculated sums of source plant model estimates and thermodynamic plausibility limits,not statewide statistical confidence intervals. Do not compare directly with2015county compilation as a measured trend;methods differ. HUC12 IDs and county labels do not certify parcels;README says public model-input coordinates use interpolated HUC12 centroids,not precise plant locations. No source coordinates adopted,site joins,permit/sustainable availability/datacenter allocation or causal inference. Locator: Calculated from2020 MO rows; source estimate/plausibility fields retained,not a statistical state interval.

Thermo2020 withdrawal lower sum
1636.71 million gallons per dayU.S. Geological Survey. Source: October 31, 2023. Checked: October 27, 2026. U.S. Geological Survey. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 27, 2026. U.S. Geological Survey. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 27, 2026.

USGS2008-2020 thermoelectric water-use reanalysis,published annual output filtered to2020:modeled annual-mean million gallons/day,not observed current2026 water use.958plant-year rows cover48conterminous states,not a complete facility census or data center inventory. Withdrawals include fresh/saline rows;consumption at coastal saline plants was not modeled.54Once-through saline source zero-consumption placeholders are excluded from consumption sums,not measured zero. State best/lower/upper figures are calculated sums of source plant model estimates and thermodynamic plausibility limits,not statewide statistical confidence intervals. Do not compare directly with2015county compilation as a measured trend;methods differ. HUC12 IDs and county labels do not certify parcels;README says public model-input coordinates use interpolated HUC12 centroids,not precise plant locations. No source coordinates adopted,site joins,permit/sustainable availability/datacenter allocation or causal inference. Locator: Calculated from2020 MO rows; source estimate/plausibility fields retained,not a statistical state interval.

Thermo2020 withdrawal upper sum
26591.40 million gallons per dayU.S. Geological Survey. Source: October 31, 2023. Checked: October 27, 2026. U.S. Geological Survey. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 27, 2026. U.S. Geological Survey. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 27, 2026.

USGS2008-2020 thermoelectric water-use reanalysis,published annual output filtered to2020:modeled annual-mean million gallons/day,not observed current2026 water use.958plant-year rows cover48conterminous states,not a complete facility census or data center inventory. Withdrawals include fresh/saline rows;consumption at coastal saline plants was not modeled.54Once-through saline source zero-consumption placeholders are excluded from consumption sums,not measured zero. State best/lower/upper figures are calculated sums of source plant model estimates and thermodynamic plausibility limits,not statewide statistical confidence intervals. Do not compare directly with2015county compilation as a measured trend;methods differ. HUC12 IDs and county labels do not certify parcels;README says public model-input coordinates use interpolated HUC12 centroids,not precise plant locations. No source coordinates adopted,site joins,permit/sustainable availability/datacenter allocation or causal inference. Locator: Calculated from2020 MO rows; source estimate/plausibility fields retained,not a statistical state interval.

Thermo2020 consumption available sum
59.17 million gallons per dayU.S. Geological Survey. Source: October 31, 2023. Checked: October 27, 2026. U.S. Geological Survey. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 27, 2026. U.S. Geological Survey. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 27, 2026.

USGS2008-2020 thermoelectric water-use reanalysis,published annual output filtered to2020:modeled annual-mean million gallons/day,not observed current2026 water use.958plant-year rows cover48conterminous states,not a complete facility census or data center inventory. Withdrawals include fresh/saline rows;consumption at coastal saline plants was not modeled.54Once-through saline source zero-consumption placeholders are excluded from consumption sums,not measured zero. State best/lower/upper figures are calculated sums of source plant model estimates and thermodynamic plausibility limits,not statewide statistical confidence intervals. Do not compare directly with2015county compilation as a measured trend;methods differ. HUC12 IDs and county labels do not certify parcels;README says public model-input coordinates use interpolated HUC12 centroids,not precise plant locations. No source coordinates adopted,site joins,permit/sustainable availability/datacenter allocation or causal inference. Locator: Calculated from2020 MO rows; source estimate/plausibility fields retained,not a statistical state interval.

Thermo2020 consumption lower available sum
47.13 million gallons per dayU.S. Geological Survey. Source: October 31, 2023. Checked: October 27, 2026. U.S. Geological Survey. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 27, 2026. U.S. Geological Survey. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 27, 2026.

USGS2008-2020 thermoelectric water-use reanalysis,published annual output filtered to2020:modeled annual-mean million gallons/day,not observed current2026 water use.958plant-year rows cover48conterminous states,not a complete facility census or data center inventory. Withdrawals include fresh/saline rows;consumption at coastal saline plants was not modeled.54Once-through saline source zero-consumption placeholders are excluded from consumption sums,not measured zero. State best/lower/upper figures are calculated sums of source plant model estimates and thermodynamic plausibility limits,not statewide statistical confidence intervals. Do not compare directly with2015county compilation as a measured trend;methods differ. HUC12 IDs and county labels do not certify parcels;README says public model-input coordinates use interpolated HUC12 centroids,not precise plant locations. No source coordinates adopted,site joins,permit/sustainable availability/datacenter allocation or causal inference. Locator: Calculated from2020 MO rows; source estimate/plausibility fields retained,not a statistical state interval.

Thermo2020 consumption upper available sum
71.22 million gallons per dayU.S. Geological Survey. Source: October 31, 2023. Checked: October 27, 2026. U.S. Geological Survey. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 27, 2026. U.S. Geological Survey. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 27, 2026.

USGS2008-2020 thermoelectric water-use reanalysis,published annual output filtered to2020:modeled annual-mean million gallons/day,not observed current2026 water use.958plant-year rows cover48conterminous states,not a complete facility census or data center inventory. Withdrawals include fresh/saline rows;consumption at coastal saline plants was not modeled.54Once-through saline source zero-consumption placeholders are excluded from consumption sums,not measured zero. State best/lower/upper figures are calculated sums of source plant model estimates and thermodynamic plausibility limits,not statewide statistical confidence intervals. Do not compare directly with2015county compilation as a measured trend;methods differ. HUC12 IDs and county labels do not certify parcels;README says public model-input coordinates use interpolated HUC12 centroids,not precise plant locations. No source coordinates adopted,site joins,permit/sustainable availability/datacenter allocation or causal inference. Locator: Calculated from2020 MO rows; source estimate/plausibility fields retained,not a statistical state interval.

Thermo2020 cooling basis
Historical2020 USGS model-assigned cooling-system categories within the958 reviewed plant-year rows. Counts are model rows,not separate cooling systems or complete state facility counts. Complex means more than one cooling system type;do not distribute Complex rows among other categories. Once-through fresh and saline are literal source categories;do not classify all other categories as freshwater. Withdrawal sums are modeled annual-mean million gallons/day,not consumption,discharge,permits or available supply. A category with no selected rows has a calculated count and sum of zero within this dataset,not evidence of no statewide physical use. All five mutually exclusive model categories partition these rows;saline consumption remains unmodeled and is not inferred from withdrawals. No source coordinates,Native joins,facility or data center allocation.U.S. Geological Survey. Source: October 31, 2023. Checked: October 27, 2026. U.S. Geological Survey. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 27, 2026. U.S. Geological Survey. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 27, 2026.

Historical2020 USGS model-assigned cooling-system categories within the958 reviewed plant-year rows. Counts are model rows,not separate cooling systems or complete state facility counts. Complex means more than one cooling system type;do not distribute Complex rows among other categories. Once-through fresh and saline are literal source categories;do not classify all other categories as freshwater. Withdrawal sums are modeled annual-mean million gallons/day,not consumption,discharge,permits or available supply. A category with no selected rows has a calculated count and sum of zero within this dataset,not evidence of no statewide physical use. All five mutually exclusive model categories partition these rows;saline consumption remains unmodeled and is not inferred from withdrawals. No source coordinates,Native joins,facility or data center allocation. Locator: Annual YEAR2020 CSV coolingType and metadata coolingType domain definitions.

Thermo2020 cooling tower rows
9 plant-year rowsU.S. Geological Survey. Source: October 31, 2023. Checked: October 27, 2026. U.S. Geological Survey. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 27, 2026. U.S. Geological Survey. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 27, 2026.

Historical2020 USGS model-assigned cooling-system categories within the958 reviewed plant-year rows. Counts are model rows,not separate cooling systems or complete state facility counts. Complex means more than one cooling system type;do not distribute Complex rows among other categories. Once-through fresh and saline are literal source categories;do not classify all other categories as freshwater. Withdrawal sums are modeled annual-mean million gallons/day,not consumption,discharge,permits or available supply. A category with no selected rows has a calculated count and sum of zero within this dataset,not evidence of no statewide physical use. All five mutually exclusive model categories partition these rows;saline consumption remains unmodeled and is not inferred from withdrawals. No source coordinates,Native joins,facility or data center allocation. Locator: Calculated count of MO YEAR2020 rows with exact coolingType=Recirculating Tower.

Thermo2020 cooling tower withdrawal
27.14 million gallons per dayU.S. Geological Survey. Source: October 31, 2023. Checked: October 27, 2026. U.S. Geological Survey. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 27, 2026. U.S. Geological Survey. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 27, 2026.

Historical2020 USGS model-assigned cooling-system categories within the958 reviewed plant-year rows. Counts are model rows,not separate cooling systems or complete state facility counts. Complex means more than one cooling system type;do not distribute Complex rows among other categories. Once-through fresh and saline are literal source categories;do not classify all other categories as freshwater. Withdrawal sums are modeled annual-mean million gallons/day,not consumption,discharge,permits or available supply. A category with no selected rows has a calculated count and sum of zero within this dataset,not evidence of no statewide physical use. All five mutually exclusive model categories partition these rows;saline consumption remains unmodeled and is not inferred from withdrawals. No source coordinates,Native joins,facility or data center allocation. Locator: Calculated sum of wd_mgd for MO YEAR2020 exact coolingType=Recirculating Tower.

Thermo2020 cooling once fresh rows
8 plant-year rowsU.S. Geological Survey. Source: October 31, 2023. Checked: October 27, 2026. U.S. Geological Survey. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 27, 2026. U.S. Geological Survey. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 27, 2026.

Historical2020 USGS model-assigned cooling-system categories within the958 reviewed plant-year rows. Counts are model rows,not separate cooling systems or complete state facility counts. Complex means more than one cooling system type;do not distribute Complex rows among other categories. Once-through fresh and saline are literal source categories;do not classify all other categories as freshwater. Withdrawal sums are modeled annual-mean million gallons/day,not consumption,discharge,permits or available supply. A category with no selected rows has a calculated count and sum of zero within this dataset,not evidence of no statewide physical use. All five mutually exclusive model categories partition these rows;saline consumption remains unmodeled and is not inferred from withdrawals. No source coordinates,Native joins,facility or data center allocation. Locator: Calculated count of MO YEAR2020 rows with exact coolingType=Once-through fresh.

Thermo2020 cooling once fresh withdrawal
3373.51 million gallons per dayU.S. Geological Survey. Source: October 31, 2023. Checked: October 27, 2026. U.S. Geological Survey. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 27, 2026. U.S. Geological Survey. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 27, 2026.

Historical2020 USGS model-assigned cooling-system categories within the958 reviewed plant-year rows. Counts are model rows,not separate cooling systems or complete state facility counts. Complex means more than one cooling system type;do not distribute Complex rows among other categories. Once-through fresh and saline are literal source categories;do not classify all other categories as freshwater. Withdrawal sums are modeled annual-mean million gallons/day,not consumption,discharge,permits or available supply. A category with no selected rows has a calculated count and sum of zero within this dataset,not evidence of no statewide physical use. All five mutually exclusive model categories partition these rows;saline consumption remains unmodeled and is not inferred from withdrawals. No source coordinates,Native joins,facility or data center allocation. Locator: Calculated sum of wd_mgd for MO YEAR2020 exact coolingType=Once-through fresh.

Thermo2020 cooling complex rows
1 plant-year rowsU.S. Geological Survey. Source: October 31, 2023. Checked: October 27, 2026. U.S. Geological Survey. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 27, 2026. U.S. Geological Survey. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 27, 2026.

Historical2020 USGS model-assigned cooling-system categories within the958 reviewed plant-year rows. Counts are model rows,not separate cooling systems or complete state facility counts. Complex means more than one cooling system type;do not distribute Complex rows among other categories. Once-through fresh and saline are literal source categories;do not classify all other categories as freshwater. Withdrawal sums are modeled annual-mean million gallons/day,not consumption,discharge,permits or available supply. A category with no selected rows has a calculated count and sum of zero within this dataset,not evidence of no statewide physical use. All five mutually exclusive model categories partition these rows;saline consumption remains unmodeled and is not inferred from withdrawals. No source coordinates,Native joins,facility or data center allocation. Locator: Calculated count of MO YEAR2020 rows with exact coolingType=Complex.

Thermo2020 cooling complex withdrawal
181.84 million gallons per dayU.S. Geological Survey. Source: October 31, 2023. Checked: October 27, 2026. U.S. Geological Survey. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 27, 2026. U.S. Geological Survey. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 27, 2026.

Historical2020 USGS model-assigned cooling-system categories within the958 reviewed plant-year rows. Counts are model rows,not separate cooling systems or complete state facility counts. Complex means more than one cooling system type;do not distribute Complex rows among other categories. Once-through fresh and saline are literal source categories;do not classify all other categories as freshwater. Withdrawal sums are modeled annual-mean million gallons/day,not consumption,discharge,permits or available supply. A category with no selected rows has a calculated count and sum of zero within this dataset,not evidence of no statewide physical use. All five mutually exclusive model categories partition these rows;saline consumption remains unmodeled and is not inferred from withdrawals. No source coordinates,Native joins,facility or data center allocation. Locator: Calculated sum of wd_mgd for MO YEAR2020 exact coolingType=Complex.

Thermo2020 cooling once saline rows
0 plant-year rowsU.S. Geological Survey. Source: October 31, 2023. Checked: October 27, 2026. U.S. Geological Survey. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 27, 2026. U.S. Geological Survey. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 27, 2026.

Historical2020 USGS model-assigned cooling-system categories within the958 reviewed plant-year rows. Counts are model rows,not separate cooling systems or complete state facility counts. Complex means more than one cooling system type;do not distribute Complex rows among other categories. Once-through fresh and saline are literal source categories;do not classify all other categories as freshwater. Withdrawal sums are modeled annual-mean million gallons/day,not consumption,discharge,permits or available supply. A category with no selected rows has a calculated count and sum of zero within this dataset,not evidence of no statewide physical use. All five mutually exclusive model categories partition these rows;saline consumption remains unmodeled and is not inferred from withdrawals. No source coordinates,Native joins,facility or data center allocation. Locator: Calculated count of MO YEAR2020 rows with exact coolingType=Once-through saline.

Thermo2020 cooling once saline withdrawal
0.00 million gallons per dayU.S. Geological Survey. Source: October 31, 2023. Checked: October 27, 2026. U.S. Geological Survey. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 27, 2026. U.S. Geological Survey. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 27, 2026.

Historical2020 USGS model-assigned cooling-system categories within the958 reviewed plant-year rows. Counts are model rows,not separate cooling systems or complete state facility counts. Complex means more than one cooling system type;do not distribute Complex rows among other categories. Once-through fresh and saline are literal source categories;do not classify all other categories as freshwater. Withdrawal sums are modeled annual-mean million gallons/day,not consumption,discharge,permits or available supply. A category with no selected rows has a calculated count and sum of zero within this dataset,not evidence of no statewide physical use. All five mutually exclusive model categories partition these rows;saline consumption remains unmodeled and is not inferred from withdrawals. No source coordinates,Native joins,facility or data center allocation. Locator: Calculated sum of wd_mgd for MO YEAR2020 exact coolingType=Once-through saline.

Thermo2020 cooling pond rows
0 plant-year rowsU.S. Geological Survey. Source: October 31, 2023. Checked: October 27, 2026. U.S. Geological Survey. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 27, 2026. U.S. Geological Survey. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 27, 2026.

Historical2020 USGS model-assigned cooling-system categories within the958 reviewed plant-year rows. Counts are model rows,not separate cooling systems or complete state facility counts. Complex means more than one cooling system type;do not distribute Complex rows among other categories. Once-through fresh and saline are literal source categories;do not classify all other categories as freshwater. Withdrawal sums are modeled annual-mean million gallons/day,not consumption,discharge,permits or available supply. A category with no selected rows has a calculated count and sum of zero within this dataset,not evidence of no statewide physical use. All five mutually exclusive model categories partition these rows;saline consumption remains unmodeled and is not inferred from withdrawals. No source coordinates,Native joins,facility or data center allocation. Locator: Calculated count of MO YEAR2020 rows with exact coolingType=Recirculating pond.

Thermo2020 cooling pond withdrawal
0.00 million gallons per dayU.S. Geological Survey. Source: October 31, 2023. Checked: October 27, 2026. U.S. Geological Survey. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 27, 2026. U.S. Geological Survey. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 27, 2026.

Historical2020 USGS model-assigned cooling-system categories within the958 reviewed plant-year rows. Counts are model rows,not separate cooling systems or complete state facility counts. Complex means more than one cooling system type;do not distribute Complex rows among other categories. Once-through fresh and saline are literal source categories;do not classify all other categories as freshwater. Withdrawal sums are modeled annual-mean million gallons/day,not consumption,discharge,permits or available supply. A category with no selected rows has a calculated count and sum of zero within this dataset,not evidence of no statewide physical use. All five mutually exclusive model categories partition these rows;saline consumption remains unmodeled and is not inferred from withdrawals. No source coordinates,Native joins,facility or data center allocation. Locator: Calculated sum of wd_mgd for MO YEAR2020 exact coolingType=Recirculating pond.

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