{"schema_version":1,"layer":"water","reviewed_on":"2026-10-27","coverage_note":"Selected state reporting laws and proposals, annual operator disclosures and construction dewatering permits. Withdrawal, consumption, discharge, supply allocations and forecasts are different measures. Coverage is incomplete.","items":[{"id":"water-google-henderson-2025","kind":"water_report","subject":"Google Henderson 2025 water reporting","state_codes":["nv"],"scope":"Google reported location totals only, potentially covering multiple facilities. These are not all operators in a city or state, approved supply allocations or an individual building reading.","fields":{"status":{"value":"historical","source_ids":["google-environment-2026-report"],"scope":"Company disclosure about a prior year, not a water law, permit allocation or physical status.","locator":"2025 location table, page97"},"period":{"value":"Calendar year 2025","source_ids":["google-environment-2026-report"],"scope":"Annual location reporting, not a daily rate.","locator":"Table year heading, page97"},"validation_basis":{"value":"Operator reported","source_ids":["google-environment-2026-report"],"scope":"Company methodology may use estimates where actual metered or invoiced data is unavailable.","locator":"Water methodology, pages87 and88"},"reported_withdrawal":{"value":401.7,"source_ids":["google-environment-2026-report"],"scope":"Reported annual location total, rounded to 0.1 million gallons. Different water measures are not summed.","locator":"Henderson, NV row, Withdrawal column, page97","unit":"million gallons","measurement_role":"operator_reported_water_withdrawal","display_precision":1},"reported_discharge":{"value":162.3,"source_ids":["google-environment-2026-report"],"scope":"Reported annual location total, rounded to 0.1 million gallons. Different water measures are not summed.","locator":"Henderson, NV row, Discharge column, page97","unit":"million gallons","measurement_role":"operator_reported_water_discharge","display_precision":1},"reported_consumption":{"value":239.4,"source_ids":["google-environment-2026-report"],"scope":"Reported annual location total, rounded to 0.1 million gallons. Different water measures are not summed.","locator":"Henderson, NV row, Consumption column, page97","unit":"million gallons","measurement_role":"operator_reported_water_consumption","display_precision":1},"definition":{"value":"Google defines consumption as withdrawal minus discharge.","source_ids":["google-environment-2026-report"],"scope":"The values here are taken directly from the source table; no new daily conversion or mixed total is calculated.","locator":"Water methodology, page87"},"source_assurance":{"value":"The table marks these 2025 metrics as subject to third party limited assurance procedures.","source_ids":["google-environment-2026-report"],"scope":"Statement about the source legend. A separate review of the assurance opinion and per location metering is not established here.","locator":"Check marks and legend, page97"},"atlas_record_id":{"value":null,"source_ids":["google-environment-2026-report"],"scope":"The reported location total has not been independently joined to one Atlas building or parcel.","locator":"Location scope hold","unknown_reason":"The reported location total has not been independently joined to one Atlas building or parcel."},"exclusively_metered":{"value":null,"source_ids":["google-environment-2026-report"],"scope":"Whether all amounts for this location were exclusively metered is not established by this review.","locator":"Conditional measurement methodology, pages87 and88","unknown_reason":"Whether all amounts for this location were exclusively metered is not established by this review."}}},{"id":"water-google-storey-county-2025","kind":"water_report","subject":"Google Storey County 2025 water reporting","state_codes":["nv"],"scope":"Google reported location totals only, potentially covering multiple facilities. These are not all operators in a city or state, approved supply allocations or an individual building reading. The report identifies this location as an air cooled facility. That description does not mean zero reported water use.","fields":{"status":{"value":"historical","source_ids":["google-environment-2026-report"],"scope":"Company disclosure about a prior year, not a water law, permit allocation or physical status.","locator":"2025 location table, page97"},"period":{"value":"Calendar year 2025","source_ids":["google-environment-2026-report"],"scope":"Annual location reporting, not a daily rate.","locator":"Table year heading, page97"},"validation_basis":{"value":"Operator reported","source_ids":["google-environment-2026-report"],"scope":"Company methodology may use estimates where actual metered or invoiced data is unavailable.","locator":"Water methodology, pages87 and88"},"reported_withdrawal":{"value":66.7,"source_ids":["google-environment-2026-report"],"scope":"Reported annual location total, rounded to 0.1 million gallons. Different water measures are not summed.","locator":"Storey County, NV row, Withdrawal column, page97","unit":"million gallons","measurement_role":"operator_reported_water_withdrawal","display_precision":1},"reported_discharge":{"value":60.0,"source_ids":["google-environment-2026-report"],"scope":"Reported annual location total, rounded to 0.1 million gallons. Different water measures are not summed.","locator":"Storey County, NV row, Discharge column, page97","unit":"million gallons","measurement_role":"operator_reported_water_discharge","display_precision":1},"reported_consumption":{"value":6.7,"source_ids":["google-environment-2026-report"],"scope":"Reported annual location total, rounded to 0.1 million gallons. Different water measures are not summed.","locator":"Storey County, NV row, Consumption column, page97","unit":"million gallons","measurement_role":"operator_reported_water_consumption","display_precision":1},"definition":{"value":"Google defines consumption as withdrawal minus discharge.","source_ids":["google-environment-2026-report"],"scope":"The values here are taken directly from the source table; no new daily conversion or mixed total is calculated.","locator":"Water methodology, page87"},"source_assurance":{"value":"The table marks these 2025 metrics as subject to third party limited assurance procedures.","source_ids":["google-environment-2026-report"],"scope":"Statement about the source legend. A separate review of the assurance opinion and per location metering is not established here.","locator":"Check marks and legend, page97"},"atlas_record_id":{"value":null,"source_ids":["google-environment-2026-report"],"scope":"The reported location total has not been independently joined to one Atlas building or parcel.","locator":"Location scope hold","unknown_reason":"The reported location total has not been independently joined to one Atlas building or parcel."},"exclusively_metered":{"value":null,"source_ids":["google-environment-2026-report"],"scope":"Whether all amounts for this location were exclusively metered is not established by this review.","locator":"Conditional measurement methodology, pages87 and88","unknown_reason":"Whether all amounts for this location were exclusively metered is not established by this review."},"cooling_description":{"value":"Google identifies the reported location as an air cooled facility.","source_ids":["google-environment-2026-report"],"scope":"A source description, not a finding of zero water use, a measured cooling system performance or an independently verified operating status. Reported water quantities remain separate.","locator":"Location endnote233 refers to endnote226, page116"}}},{"id":"water-nv-abatement-commitment-2026","kind":"water_reporting_context","subject":"Nevada water conditions for pending state abatement applications","state_codes":["nv"],"scope":"Dated executive policy conditions for pending state assistance. Location specific water standards and future aggregate reporting directions remain separate from statewide disclosure law, actual water measurements and individual awards.","fields":{"status":{"value":"historical","source_ids":["nv-executive-order2026005-20261024"],"scope":"Dated executive policy and agency context. This classification does not establish a general enacted water disclosure law, current unrescinded status or an individual facility approval.","locator":"Order witness date and section 7"},"abatement_water_basis":{"value":"Executive conditions on pending state abatement applications","source_ids":["nv-executive-order2026005-20261024","nv-nrs360-current-20261024"],"scope":"Water conditions attach to applications for state assistance under NRS 360.754. They are not admitted as statewide metered water reporting or a numerical water use limit.","locator":"Order sections 2, 3 and 7; statute section 360.754"},"executed_on":{"value":"2026-09-17","source_ids":["nv-executive-order2026005-20261024"],"scope":"Actual order execution date, separately retained from the agency summary September 16 wording and web update September 18.","locator":"Order witness statement"},"effective_on":{"value":"2026-09-17","source_ids":["nv-executive-order2026005-20261024"],"scope":"Section 7 says immediately effective. This is the executed order effect, not a reviewed facility award, later implementation or independently verified continuing legal status.","locator":"Order section 7 and witness date"},"application_scope":{"value":"Applications for partial data center abatements under NRS 360.754 that the Board has not yet acted upon. Applications approved before the effective date and agreements under them are excluded.","source_ids":["nv-executive-order2026005-20261024","nv-nrs360-current-20261024"],"scope":"These are state assistance conditions. No existing individual application, approval date, award or facility identity is adjudicated.","locator":"Order sections 2, 3(a) and 7; statute subsection 1"},"water_condition":{"value":"The Nevada Community Support Commitment must provide that the facility meets the water standard for its location.","source_ids":["nv-executive-order2026005-20261024","nv-goed-incentives-current-20261024"],"scope":"The order does not give a numerical water standard, withdrawal or consumption limit, engineering approval or actual facility water quantity. The agency summary uses responsible water use and an applicable location specific standard.","locator":"Order section 3(b); GOED executive order entry"},"commitment_form_due_on":{"value":"2026-11-06","source_ids":["nv-executive-order2026005-20261024"],"scope":"Deadline for the Executive Director to publish uniform terms in consultation with the State Engineer, Public Utilities Commission and concerned agencies, local governments and school districts. A future deadline is not proof of an actual issued form or completed consultation.","locator":"Order section 3(b)"},"interim_commitment":{"value":"Before the standard form is published, the applicant must execute the Commitment on the terms described in the order and incorporate it into the agreement.","source_ids":["nv-executive-order2026005-20261024"],"scope":"The interim direction does not identify any actual signed agreement, water standard finding or Board action.","locator":"Order section 3(a)"},"aggregate_reporting":{"value":"The Executive Director must publish annually, in aggregate form, the measures the Commitment requires to be reported.","source_ids":["nv-executive-order2026005-20261024"],"scope":"This is a publication direction concerning commitment measures. No actual aggregate report, individual public water report, reporting period, gallon quantity or completeness finding is reviewed.","locator":"Order section 4"},"preserved_authority":{"value":"The order preserves Board discretion, statutory agency duties, Public Utilities Commission jurisdiction and its pending or approved proceedings and instruments, and county or city land use authority.","source_ids":["nv-executive-order2026005-20261024"],"scope":"Conditions of state assistance do not replace local water or land use approval, direct utility commission decisions or establish a new generally approved tariff.","locator":"Order section 7"},"statutory_discretion":{"value":"NRS 360.754 permits the Office to waive requirements, impose more stringent requirements or impose additional requirements.","source_ids":["nv-nrs360-current-20261024","nv-executive-order2026005-20261024"],"scope":"The executive order invokes this statutory application framework. This is not automatic applicant eligibility or proof of an actual waiver, water approval or abatement award.","locator":"Statute subsection 3(c); order whereas and sections 2 and 3"},"date_conflict":{"value":"The order is executed September 17, 2026, while the GOED webpage and linked overview say as of September 16, 2026. The order webpage records an update on September 18.","source_ids":["nv-executive-order2026005-20261024","nv-goed-incentives-current-20261024","nv-goed-data-center-overview-20261001"],"scope":"These dates retain their distinct source meanings without silent correction. The overview filename October 1 and printed Updated Aug 2026 footer do not establish its publication day.","locator":"Order witness and footer; GOED executive block; overview body and footer"},"guidance_scope_conflict":{"value":"The current GOED webpage retains baseline sales rate wording as low as 2 percent. Its linked overview states a remaining 4.6 percent rate, while the executive order sets a minimum 4.6 percent combined rate for the applications it covers.","source_ids":["nv-goed-incentives-current-20261024","nv-goed-data-center-overview-20261001","nv-executive-order2026005-20261024"],"scope":"The differing descriptions are preserved with their scopes. This is not a 4.6 percent abatement, universal new tax, statutory repeal, actual tax paid or water quantity. No calculated rate difference is admitted.","locator":"GOED data center entry; overview sales tax paragraph; order section 2"},"citation_anomaly":{"value":"Section 3(a) prints NRS 754 while the whereas clause and section 2 identify NRS 360.754.","source_ids":["nv-executive-order2026005-20261024"],"scope":"The published citation difference is retained without silently editing the order or asserting that an unreviewed legal provision supplies a water standard.","locator":"Order whereas, section 2 and section 3(a)"},"duration":{"value":"The order says it remains in effect until rescinded or superseded by regulation, State Plan guidelines or legislative act.","source_ids":["nv-executive-order2026005-20261024"],"scope":"No separate complete current rescission, regulation or implementation search establishes continuing legal force. Approved facility terms continuing for their abatement term is separate from the duration of the order.","locator":"Order sections 4 and 7"},"numerical_water_standard":{"value":null,"source_ids":["nv-executive-order2026005-20261024","nv-nrs360-current-20261024","nv-goed-incentives-current-20261024","nv-goed-data-center-overview-20261001"],"scope":"No numerical location specific water standard is given or independently verified.","locator":"Complete executive order review and bounded agency and statutory review boundary","unknown_reason":"No numerical location specific water standard is given or independently verified."},"reported_withdrawal":{"value":null,"source_ids":["nv-executive-order2026005-20261024","nv-nrs360-current-20261024","nv-goed-incentives-current-20261024","nv-goed-data-center-overview-20261001"],"scope":"No actual facility withdrawal report or quantity is reviewed.","locator":"Complete executive order review and bounded agency and statutory review boundary","unknown_reason":"No actual facility withdrawal report or quantity is reviewed."},"reported_consumption":{"value":null,"source_ids":["nv-executive-order2026005-20261024","nv-nrs360-current-20261024","nv-goed-incentives-current-20261024","nv-goed-data-center-overview-20261001"],"scope":"No actual facility consumption report or quantity is reviewed.","locator":"Complete executive order review and bounded agency and statutory review boundary","unknown_reason":"No actual facility consumption report or quantity is reviewed."},"actual_public_report":{"value":null,"source_ids":["nv-executive-order2026005-20261024","nv-nrs360-current-20261024","nv-goed-incentives-current-20261024","nv-goed-data-center-overview-20261001"],"scope":"No actual aggregate or individual public water report is reviewed.","locator":"Complete executive order review and bounded agency and statutory review boundary","unknown_reason":"No actual aggregate or individual public water report is reviewed."},"actual_commitment_form":{"value":null,"source_ids":["nv-executive-order2026005-20261024","nv-nrs360-current-20261024","nv-goed-incentives-current-20261024","nv-goed-data-center-overview-20261001"],"scope":"No issued standard commitment form is reviewed.","locator":"Complete executive order review and bounded agency and statutory review boundary","unknown_reason":"No issued standard commitment form is reviewed."},"individual_compliance":{"value":null,"source_ids":["nv-executive-order2026005-20261024","nv-nrs360-current-20261024","nv-goed-incentives-current-20261024","nv-goed-data-center-overview-20261001"],"scope":"No individual water finding, compliance decision, violation or enforcement action is reviewed.","locator":"Complete executive order review and bounded agency and statutory review boundary","unknown_reason":"No individual water finding, compliance decision, violation or enforcement action is reviewed."},"individual_application_outcomes":{"value":null,"source_ids":["nv-executive-order2026005-20261024","nv-nrs360-current-20261024","nv-goed-incentives-current-20261024","nv-goed-data-center-overview-20261001"],"scope":"No actual individual abatement approval, denial or signed agreement is reviewed.","locator":"Complete executive order review and bounded agency and statutory review boundary","unknown_reason":"No actual individual abatement approval, denial or signed agreement is reviewed."},"actual_tax_benefit":{"value":null,"source_ids":["nv-executive-order2026005-20261024","nv-nrs360-current-20261024","nv-goed-incentives-current-20261024","nv-goed-data-center-overview-20261001"],"scope":"No realized tax benefit, payment, recovery or customer saving is established.","locator":"Complete executive order review and bounded agency and statutory review boundary","unknown_reason":"No realized tax benefit, payment, recovery or customer saving is established."},"actual_load":{"value":null,"source_ids":["nv-executive-order2026005-20261024","nv-nrs360-current-20261024","nv-goed-incentives-current-20261024","nv-goed-data-center-overview-20261001"],"scope":"No actual electric load or service outcome is established.","locator":"Complete executive order review and bounded agency and statutory review boundary","unknown_reason":"No actual electric load or service outcome is established."},"reporting_period":{"value":null,"source_ids":["nv-executive-order2026005-20261024","nv-nrs360-current-20261024","nv-goed-incentives-current-20261024","nv-goed-data-center-overview-20261001"],"scope":"No actual submitted water reporting period is reviewed.","locator":"Complete executive order review and bounded agency and statutory review boundary","unknown_reason":"No actual submitted water reporting period is reviewed."},"atlas_record_id":{"value":null,"source_ids":["nv-executive-order2026005-20261024","nv-nrs360-current-20261024","nv-goed-incentives-current-20261024","nv-goed-data-center-overview-20261001"],"scope":"No independently verified Atlas facility or campus identity join is made.","locator":"Complete executive order review and bounded agency and statutory review boundary","unknown_reason":"No independently verified Atlas facility or campus identity join is made."}}},{"id":"water-thermoelectric-nv-2015","kind":"water_context","subject":"Nevada historical thermoelectric water context","state_codes":["nv"],"scope":"Historical2015 state thermoelectric power estimates, including fresh and saline water. Not current2026 conditions, data center facility use, drinking water demand, permit allocation or proof of a data center effect. Withdrawal, total water use including deliveries and reclaimed wastewater, and consumptive use are distinct. Consumption may exceed withdrawal because other supplied water is included. Independent rounding is retained; no facility joins or per kWh allocation.","fields":{"historical_thermo_withdrawal":{"value":79.7,"source_ids":["usgs-thermoelectric-2015-circular1441"],"locator":"Table12,printed43,physical51; Nevada row","scope":"Historical2015 state thermoelectric power estimates, including fresh and saline water. Not current2026 conditions, data center facility use, drinking water demand, permit allocation or proof of a data center effect. Withdrawal, total water use including deliveries and reclaimed wastewater, and consumptive use are distinct. Consumption may exceed withdrawal because other supplied water is included. Independent rounding is retained; no facility joins or per kWh allocation.","unit":"million gallons per day","measurement_role":"historical_estimated_withdrawal"},"historical_thermo_total_use":{"value":80.7,"source_ids":["usgs-thermoelectric-2015-circular1441"],"locator":"Table12,printed43,physical51; Nevada row","scope":"Historical2015 state thermoelectric power estimates, including fresh and saline water. Not current2026 conditions, data center facility use, drinking water demand, permit allocation or proof of a data center effect. Withdrawal, total water use including deliveries and reclaimed wastewater, and consumptive use are distinct. Consumption may exceed withdrawal because other supplied water is included. Independent rounding is retained; no facility joins or per kWh allocation.","unit":"million gallons per day","measurement_role":"historical_estimated_total_water_use"},"historical_thermo_consumptive_use":{"value":32.1,"source_ids":["usgs-thermoelectric-2015-circular1441"],"locator":"Table12,printed43,physical51; Nevada row","scope":"Historical2015 state thermoelectric power estimates, including fresh and saline water. Not current2026 conditions, data center facility use, drinking water demand, permit allocation or proof of a data center effect. Withdrawal, total water use including deliveries and reclaimed wastewater, and consumptive use are distinct. Consumption may exceed withdrawal because other supplied water is included. Independent rounding is retained; no facility joins or per kWh allocation.","unit":"million gallons per day","measurement_role":"historical_estimated_consumption"},"status":{"value":"historical","source_ids":["usgs-thermoelectric-2015-circular1441"],"locator":"Table12 header and notes; thermoelectric section printed42","scope":"Historical2015 state thermoelectric power estimates, including fresh and saline water. Not current2026 conditions, data center facility use, drinking water demand, permit allocation or proof of a data center effect. Withdrawal, total water use including deliveries and reclaimed wastewater, and consumptive use are distinct. Consumption may exceed withdrawal because other supplied water is included. Independent rounding is retained; no facility joins or per kWh allocation."},"report_period":{"value":"2015","source_ids":["usgs-thermoelectric-2015-circular1441"],"locator":"Table12 header and notes; thermoelectric section printed42","scope":"Historical2015 state thermoelectric power estimates, including fresh and saline water. Not current2026 conditions, data center facility use, drinking water demand, permit allocation or proof of a data center effect. Withdrawal, total water use including deliveries and reclaimed wastewater, and consumptive use are distinct. Consumption may exceed withdrawal because other supplied water is included. Independent rounding is retained; no facility joins or per kWh allocation."},"historical_thermo_boundary":{"value":"Historical2015 state thermoelectric power estimates, including fresh and saline water. Not current2026 conditions, data center facility use, drinking water demand, permit allocation or proof of a data center effect. Withdrawal, total water use including deliveries and reclaimed wastewater, and consumptive use are distinct. Consumption may exceed withdrawal because other supplied water is included. Independent rounding is retained; no facility joins or per kWh allocation.","source_ids":["usgs-thermoelectric-2015-circular1441"],"locator":"Table12 header and notes; thermoelectric section printed42","scope":"Historical2015 state thermoelectric power estimates, including fresh and saline water. Not current2026 conditions, data center facility use, drinking water demand, permit allocation or proof of a data center effect. Withdrawal, total water use including deliveries and reclaimed wastewater, and consumptive use are distinct. Consumption may exceed withdrawal because other supplied water is included. Independent rounding is retained; no facility joins or per kWh allocation."},"once_through_withdrawal":{"value":0.0,"source_ids":["usgs-thermoelectric-2015-circular1441"],"locator":"Table13A,physical56,printed48; Nevada row","scope":"Historical2015 thermoelectric power cooling categories: once through and recirculating. These are power plant cooling estimates, not data center cooling technology or current facility use. Withdrawal, total water use including supplied and reclaimed water, and consumptive use remain distinct. Published zero differs from not estimated. Independently rounded cooling totals are not forced to equal Table12 totals; no facility or per kWh allocation.","unit":"million gallons per day","measurement_role":"historical_estimated_withdrawal"},"once_through_total_water_use":{"value":0.0,"source_ids":["usgs-thermoelectric-2015-circular1441"],"locator":"Table13A,physical56,printed48; Nevada row","scope":"Historical2015 thermoelectric power cooling categories: once through and recirculating. These are power plant cooling estimates, not data center cooling technology or current facility use. Withdrawal, total water use including supplied and reclaimed water, and consumptive use remain distinct. Published zero differs from not estimated. Independently rounded cooling totals are not forced to equal Table12 totals; no facility or per kWh allocation.","unit":"million gallons per day","measurement_role":"historical_estimated_total_water_use"},"once_through_consumptive_use":{"value":0.0,"source_ids":["usgs-thermoelectric-2015-circular1441"],"locator":"Table13A,physical56,printed48; Nevada row","scope":"Historical2015 thermoelectric power cooling categories: once through and recirculating. These are power plant cooling estimates, not data center cooling technology or current facility use. Withdrawal, total water use including supplied and reclaimed water, and consumptive use remain distinct. Published zero differs from not estimated. Independently rounded cooling totals are not forced to equal Table12 totals; no facility or per kWh allocation.","unit":"million gallons per day","measurement_role":"historical_estimated_consumption"},"recirculating_withdrawal":{"value":79.7,"source_ids":["usgs-thermoelectric-2015-circular1441"],"locator":"Table13B,physical57,printed49; Nevada row","scope":"Historical2015 thermoelectric power cooling categories: once through and recirculating. These are power plant cooling estimates, not data center cooling technology or current facility use. Withdrawal, total water use including supplied and reclaimed water, and consumptive use remain distinct. Published zero differs from not estimated. Independently rounded cooling totals are not forced to equal Table12 totals; no facility or per kWh allocation.","unit":"million gallons per day","measurement_role":"historical_estimated_withdrawal"},"recirculating_total_water_use":{"value":80.7,"source_ids":["usgs-thermoelectric-2015-circular1441"],"locator":"Table13B,physical57,printed49; Nevada row","scope":"Historical2015 thermoelectric power cooling categories: once through and recirculating. These are power plant cooling estimates, not data center cooling technology or current facility use. Withdrawal, total water use including supplied and reclaimed water, and consumptive use remain distinct. Published zero differs from not estimated. Independently rounded cooling totals are not forced to equal Table12 totals; no facility or per kWh allocation.","unit":"million gallons per day","measurement_role":"historical_estimated_total_water_use"},"recirculating_consumptive_use":{"value":32.1,"source_ids":["usgs-thermoelectric-2015-circular1441"],"locator":"Table13B,physical57,printed49; Nevada row","scope":"Historical2015 thermoelectric power cooling categories: once through and recirculating. These are power plant cooling estimates, not data center cooling technology or current facility use. Withdrawal, total water use including supplied and reclaimed water, and consumptive use remain distinct. Published zero differs from not estimated. Independently rounded cooling totals are not forced to equal Table12 totals; no facility or per kWh allocation.","unit":"million gallons per day","measurement_role":"historical_estimated_consumption"},"cooling_category_boundary":{"value":"Historical2015 thermoelectric power cooling categories: once through and recirculating. These are power plant cooling estimates, not data center cooling technology or current facility use. Withdrawal, total water use including supplied and reclaimed water, and consumptive use remain distinct. Published zero differs from not estimated. Independently rounded cooling totals are not forced to equal Table12 totals; no facility or per kWh allocation.","source_ids":["usgs-thermoelectric-2015-circular1441"],"locator":"Tables13A and13B headers and notes","scope":"Historical2015 thermoelectric power cooling categories: once through and recirculating. These are power plant cooling estimates, not data center cooling technology or current facility use. Withdrawal, total water use including supplied and reclaimed water, and consumptive use remain distinct. Published zero differs from not estimated. Independently rounded cooling totals are not forced to equal Table12 totals; no facility or per kWh allocation."},"historical_thermo_fresh_withdrawal":{"value":8.73,"source_ids":["usgs-thermoelectric-2015-circular1441"],"locator":"Table12,physical51,printed43; Nevada row","scope":"Historical 2015 thermoelectric power water quality categories, fresh and saline. These are not potable water classifications, current data center use or municipal drinking water allocations. Withdrawal differs from consumptive use; supplied and reclaimed water contributions retain their separate definitions. Independently rounded fresh and saline values are not forced to equal the published total. No facility or per kWh attribution.","unit":"million gallons per day","measurement_role":"historical_estimated_freshwater_withdrawal"},"historical_thermo_saline_withdrawal":{"value":70.9,"source_ids":["usgs-thermoelectric-2015-circular1441"],"locator":"Table12,physical51,printed43; Nevada row","scope":"Historical 2015 thermoelectric power water quality categories, fresh and saline. These are not potable water classifications, current data center use or municipal drinking water allocations. Withdrawal differs from consumptive use; supplied and reclaimed water contributions retain their separate definitions. Independently rounded fresh and saline values are not forced to equal the published total. No facility or per kWh attribution.","unit":"million gallons per day","measurement_role":"historical_estimated_saline_withdrawal"},"historical_thermo_fresh_consumptive_use":{"value":4.63,"source_ids":["usgs-thermoelectric-2015-circular1441"],"locator":"Table12,physical51,printed43; Nevada row","scope":"Historical 2015 thermoelectric power water quality categories, fresh and saline. These are not potable water classifications, current data center use or municipal drinking water allocations. Withdrawal differs from consumptive use; supplied and reclaimed water contributions retain their separate definitions. Independently rounded fresh and saline values are not forced to equal the published total. No facility or per kWh attribution.","unit":"million gallons per day","measurement_role":"historical_estimated_freshwater_consumption"},"historical_thermo_saline_consumptive_use":{"value":27.5,"source_ids":["usgs-thermoelectric-2015-circular1441"],"locator":"Table12,physical51,printed43; Nevada row","scope":"Historical 2015 thermoelectric power water quality categories, fresh and saline. These are not potable water classifications, current data center use or municipal drinking water allocations. Withdrawal differs from consumptive use; supplied and reclaimed water contributions retain their separate definitions. Independently rounded fresh and saline values are not forced to equal the published total. No facility or per kWh attribution.","unit":"million gallons per day","measurement_role":"historical_estimated_saline_consumption"},"historical_water_quality_boundary":{"value":"Historical 2015 thermoelectric power water quality categories, fresh and saline. These are not potable water classifications, current data center use or municipal drinking water allocations. Withdrawal differs from consumptive use; supplied and reclaimed water contributions retain their separate definitions. Independently rounded fresh and saline values are not forced to equal the published total. No facility or per kWh attribution.","source_ids":["usgs-thermoelectric-2015-circular1441"],"locator":"Table12 headers and notes","scope":"Historical 2015 thermoelectric power water quality categories, fresh and saline. These are not potable water classifications, current data center use or municipal drinking water allocations. Withdrawal differs from consumptive use; supplied and reclaimed water contributions retain their separate definitions. Independently rounded fresh and saline values are not forced to equal the published total. No facility or per kWh attribution."},"historical_thermo_ground_fresh_withdrawal":{"value":7.04,"source_ids":["usgs-thermoelectric-2015-circular1441"],"locator":"Table12,physical51,printed43; Nevada row","scope":"Historical 2015 thermoelectric power withdrawals by groundwater and surface water, each separated into fresh and saline. These are state power generation estimates, not current data center water demand, aquifer stress, potable supply, permits or facility allocations. Withdrawal is not consumption. Independently rounded components are not forced to equal published totals; no facility or per kWh attribution.","unit":"million gallons per day","measurement_role":"historical_estimated_groundwater_fresh_withdrawal"},"historical_thermo_ground_saline_withdrawal":{"value":70.9,"source_ids":["usgs-thermoelectric-2015-circular1441"],"locator":"Table12,physical51,printed43; Nevada row","scope":"Historical 2015 thermoelectric power withdrawals by groundwater and surface water, each separated into fresh and saline. These are state power generation estimates, not current data center water demand, aquifer stress, potable supply, permits or facility allocations. Withdrawal is not consumption. Independently rounded components are not forced to equal published totals; no facility or per kWh attribution.","unit":"million gallons per day","measurement_role":"historical_estimated_groundwater_saline_withdrawal"},"historical_thermo_surface_fresh_withdrawal":{"value":1.69,"source_ids":["usgs-thermoelectric-2015-circular1441"],"locator":"Table12,physical51,printed43; Nevada row","scope":"Historical 2015 thermoelectric power withdrawals by groundwater and surface water, each separated into fresh and saline. These are state power generation estimates, not current data center water demand, aquifer stress, potable supply, permits or facility allocations. Withdrawal is not consumption. Independently rounded components are not forced to equal published totals; no facility or per kWh attribution.","unit":"million gallons per day","measurement_role":"historical_estimated_surfacewater_fresh_withdrawal"},"historical_thermo_surface_saline_withdrawal":{"value":0.0,"source_ids":["usgs-thermoelectric-2015-circular1441"],"locator":"Table12,physical51,printed43; Nevada row","scope":"Historical 2015 thermoelectric power withdrawals by groundwater and surface water, each separated into fresh and saline. These are state power generation estimates, not current data center water demand, aquifer stress, potable supply, permits or facility allocations. Withdrawal is not consumption. Independently rounded components are not forced to equal published totals; no facility or per kWh attribution.","unit":"million gallons per day","measurement_role":"historical_estimated_surfacewater_saline_withdrawal"},"historical_water_origin_boundary":{"value":"Historical 2015 thermoelectric power withdrawals by groundwater and surface water, each separated into fresh and saline. These are state power generation estimates, not current data center water demand, aquifer stress, potable supply, permits or facility allocations. Withdrawal is not consumption. Independently rounded components are not forced to equal published totals; no facility or per kWh attribution.","source_ids":["usgs-thermoelectric-2015-circular1441"],"locator":"Table12 groundwater and surface water headers and notes","scope":"Historical 2015 thermoelectric power withdrawals by groundwater and surface water, each separated into fresh and saline. These are state power generation estimates, not current data center water demand, aquifer stress, potable supply, permits or facility allocations. Withdrawal is not consumption. Independently rounded components are not forced to equal published totals; no facility or per kWh attribution."},"historical_thermo_reclaimed_water":{"value":0.56,"source_ids":["usgs-thermoelectric-2015-circular1441"],"locator":"Table12,physical51,printed43; Nevada row","scope":"Historical 2015 thermoelectric power reclaimed wastewater and freshwater public supply deliveries, in million gallons per day. These inputs differ from direct withdrawals and consumptive use. A source dash means not estimated, not zero or no use; published zeros remain zero. No current data center use, potable quality certification, local supply allocation, permit, facility or per kWh inference. Independently rounded values are not forced to balance.","unit":"million gallons per day","measurement_role":"historical_estimated_reclaimed_wastewater"},"historical_thermo_public_supply_deliveries":{"value":0.49,"source_ids":["usgs-thermoelectric-2015-circular1441"],"locator":"Table12,physical51,printed43; Nevada row","scope":"Historical 2015 thermoelectric power reclaimed wastewater and freshwater public supply deliveries, in million gallons per day. These inputs differ from direct withdrawals and consumptive use. A source dash means not estimated, not zero or no use; published zeros remain zero. No current data center use, potable quality certification, local supply allocation, permit, facility or per kWh inference. Independently rounded values are not forced to balance.","unit":"million gallons per day","measurement_role":"historical_estimated_public_supply_delivery"},"historical_water_delivery_boundary":{"value":"Historical 2015 thermoelectric power reclaimed wastewater and freshwater public supply deliveries, in million gallons per day. These inputs differ from direct withdrawals and consumptive use. A source dash means not estimated, not zero or no use; published zeros remain zero. No current data center use, potable quality certification, local supply allocation, permit, facility or per kWh inference. Independently rounded values are not forced to balance.","source_ids":["usgs-thermoelectric-2015-circular1441"],"locator":"Table12 reclaimed wastewater/public supply headers and dash definition","scope":"Historical 2015 thermoelectric power reclaimed wastewater and freshwater public supply deliveries, in million gallons per day. These inputs differ from direct withdrawals and consumptive use. A source dash means not estimated, not zero or no use; published zeros remain zero. No current data center use, potable quality certification, local supply allocation, permit, facility or per kWh inference. Independently rounded values are not forced to balance."},"historical_thermo_net_generation":{"value":11400.0,"source_ids":["usgs-thermoelectric-2015-circular1441"],"locator":"Table12,physical51,printed43; Nevada row","scope":"Historical 2015 net thermoelectric power generated in gigawatt hours, from the same USGS state table as water estimates. Net generation is energy, not installed capacity, peak load, gross generation, electricity sales or data center electricity use. No current-year, facility, water intensity or per kWh allocation inferred; independently rounded source values retained.","unit":"GWh","measurement_role":"historical_net_thermoelectric_generation"},"historical_generation_boundary":{"value":"Historical 2015 net thermoelectric power generated in gigawatt hours, from the same USGS state table as water estimates. Net generation is energy, not installed capacity, peak load, gross generation, electricity sales or data center electricity use. No current-year, facility, water intensity or per kWh allocation inferred; independently rounded source values retained.","source_ids":["usgs-thermoelectric-2015-circular1441"],"locator":"Table12 net power generated header, gigawatt hours","scope":"Historical 2015 net thermoelectric power generated in gigawatt hours, from the same USGS state table as water estimates. Net generation is energy, not installed capacity, peak load, gross generation, electricity sales or data center electricity use. No current-year, facility, water intensity or per kWh allocation inferred; independently rounded source values retained."}}},{"id":"water-thermoelectric-model-2020-nv","kind":"water_context","subject":"Nevada historical2020 modeled thermoelectric water context","state_codes":["nv"],"scope":"USGS2008-2020 thermoelectric water-use reanalysis,published annual output filtered to2020:modeled annual-mean million gallons/day,not observed current2026 water use.958plant-year rows cover48conterminous states,not a complete facility census or data center inventory. Withdrawals include fresh/saline rows;consumption at coastal saline plants was not modeled.54Once-through saline source zero-consumption placeholders are excluded from consumption sums,not measured zero. State best/lower/upper figures are calculated sums of source plant model estimates and thermodynamic plausibility limits,not statewide statistical confidence intervals. Do not compare directly with2015county compilation as a measured trend;methods differ. HUC12 IDs and county labels do not certify parcels;README says public model-input coordinates use interpolated HUC12 centroids,not precise plant locations. No source coordinates adopted,site joins,permit/sustainable availability/datacenter allocation or causal inference.","fields":{"status":{"value":"historical","source_ids":["usgs-thermo2020-annual-member","usgs-thermo-reanalysis-attribute-definitions","usgs-thermo-reanalysis-catalog"],"scope":"USGS2008-2020 thermoelectric water-use reanalysis,published annual output filtered to2020:modeled annual-mean million gallons/day,not observed current2026 water use.958plant-year rows cover48conterminous states,not a complete facility census or data center inventory. Withdrawals include fresh/saline rows;consumption at coastal saline plants was not modeled.54Once-through saline source zero-consumption placeholders are excluded from consumption sums,not measured zero. State best/lower/upper figures are calculated sums of source plant model estimates and thermodynamic plausibility limits,not statewide statistical confidence intervals. Do not compare directly with2015county compilation as a measured trend;methods differ. HUC12 IDs and county labels do not certify parcels;README says public model-input coordinates use interpolated HUC12 centroids,not precise plant locations. No source coordinates adopted,site joins,permit/sustainable availability/datacenter allocation or causal inference.","locator":"Annual output YEAR2020 and model provenance"},"thermo2020_period":{"value":"2020","source_ids":["usgs-thermo2020-annual-member","usgs-thermo-reanalysis-attribute-definitions","usgs-thermo-reanalysis-catalog"],"scope":"USGS2008-2020 thermoelectric water-use reanalysis,published annual output filtered to2020:modeled annual-mean million gallons/day,not observed current2026 water use.958plant-year rows cover48conterminous states,not a complete facility census or data center inventory. Withdrawals include fresh/saline rows;consumption at coastal saline plants was not modeled.54Once-through saline source zero-consumption placeholders are excluded from consumption sums,not measured zero. State best/lower/upper figures are calculated sums of source plant model estimates and thermodynamic plausibility limits,not statewide statistical confidence intervals. Do not compare directly with2015county compilation as a measured trend;methods differ. HUC12 IDs and county labels do not certify parcels;README says public model-input coordinates use interpolated HUC12 centroids,not precise plant locations. No source coordinates adopted,site joins,permit/sustainable availability/datacenter allocation or causal inference.","locator":"Annual CSV YEAR column"},"thermo2020_basis":{"value":"USGS2008-2020 thermoelectric water-use reanalysis,published annual output filtered to2020:modeled annual-mean million gallons/day,not observed current2026 water use.958plant-year rows cover48conterminous states,not a complete facility census or data center inventory. Withdrawals include fresh/saline rows;consumption at coastal saline plants was not modeled.54Once-through saline source zero-consumption placeholders are excluded from consumption sums,not measured zero. State best/lower/upper figures are calculated sums of source plant model estimates and thermodynamic plausibility limits,not statewide statistical confidence intervals. Do not compare directly with2015county compilation as a measured trend;methods differ. HUC12 IDs and county labels do not certify parcels;README says public model-input coordinates use interpolated HUC12 centroids,not precise plant locations. No source coordinates adopted,site joins,permit/sustainable availability/datacenter allocation or causal inference.","source_ids":["usgs-thermo2020-annual-member","usgs-thermo-reanalysis-attribute-definitions","usgs-thermo-reanalysis-catalog"],"scope":"USGS2008-2020 thermoelectric water-use reanalysis,published annual output filtered to2020:modeled annual-mean million gallons/day,not observed current2026 water use.958plant-year rows cover48conterminous states,not a complete facility census or data center inventory. Withdrawals include fresh/saline rows;consumption at coastal saline plants was not modeled.54Once-through saline source zero-consumption placeholders are excluded from consumption sums,not measured zero. State best/lower/upper figures are calculated sums of source plant model estimates and thermodynamic plausibility limits,not statewide statistical confidence intervals. Do not compare directly with2015county compilation as a measured trend;methods differ. HUC12 IDs and county labels do not certify parcels;README says public model-input coordinates use interpolated HUC12 centroids,not precise plant locations. No source coordinates adopted,site joins,permit/sustainable availability/datacenter allocation or causal inference.","locator":"Published annual CSV/attribute definitions/catalog model limitations"},"thermo2020_model_rows":{"value":9,"source_ids":["usgs-thermo2020-annual-member","usgs-thermo-reanalysis-attribute-definitions","usgs-thermo-reanalysis-catalog"],"scope":"USGS2008-2020 thermoelectric water-use reanalysis,published annual output filtered to2020:modeled annual-mean million gallons/day,not observed current2026 water use.958plant-year rows cover48conterminous states,not a complete facility census or data center inventory. Withdrawals include fresh/saline rows;consumption at coastal saline plants was not modeled.54Once-through saline source zero-consumption placeholders are excluded from consumption sums,not measured zero. State best/lower/upper figures are calculated sums of source plant model estimates and thermodynamic plausibility limits,not statewide statistical confidence intervals. Do not compare directly with2015county compilation as a measured trend;methods differ. HUC12 IDs and county labels do not certify parcels;README says public model-input coordinates use interpolated HUC12 centroids,not precise plant locations. No source coordinates adopted,site joins,permit/sustainable availability/datacenter allocation or causal inference.","locator":"Calculated from2020 NV rows; source estimate/plausibility fields retained,not a statistical state interval","unit":"plant-year rows","measurement_role":"calculated_count_model_plant_year_rows"},"thermo2020_consumption_modeled_rows":{"value":9,"source_ids":["usgs-thermo2020-annual-member","usgs-thermo-reanalysis-attribute-definitions","usgs-thermo-reanalysis-catalog"],"scope":"USGS2008-2020 thermoelectric water-use reanalysis,published annual output filtered to2020:modeled annual-mean million gallons/day,not observed current2026 water use.958plant-year rows cover48conterminous states,not a complete facility census or data center inventory. Withdrawals include fresh/saline rows;consumption at coastal saline plants was not modeled.54Once-through saline source zero-consumption placeholders are excluded from consumption sums,not measured zero. State best/lower/upper figures are calculated sums of source plant model estimates and thermodynamic plausibility limits,not statewide statistical confidence intervals. Do not compare directly with2015county compilation as a measured trend;methods differ. HUC12 IDs and county labels do not certify parcels;README says public model-input coordinates use interpolated HUC12 centroids,not precise plant locations. No source coordinates adopted,site joins,permit/sustainable availability/datacenter allocation or causal inference.","locator":"Calculated from2020 NV rows; source estimate/plausibility fields retained,not a statistical state interval","unit":"plant-year rows","measurement_role":"calculated_count_modeled_consumption_rows"},"thermo2020_saline_consumption_unmodeled_rows":{"value":0,"source_ids":["usgs-thermo2020-annual-member","usgs-thermo-reanalysis-attribute-definitions","usgs-thermo-reanalysis-catalog"],"scope":"USGS2008-2020 thermoelectric water-use reanalysis,published annual output filtered to2020:modeled annual-mean million gallons/day,not observed current2026 water use.958plant-year rows cover48conterminous states,not a complete facility census or data center inventory. Withdrawals include fresh/saline rows;consumption at coastal saline plants was not modeled.54Once-through saline source zero-consumption placeholders are excluded from consumption sums,not measured zero. State best/lower/upper figures are calculated sums of source plant model estimates and thermodynamic plausibility limits,not statewide statistical confidence intervals. Do not compare directly with2015county compilation as a measured trend;methods differ. HUC12 IDs and county labels do not certify parcels;README says public model-input coordinates use interpolated HUC12 centroids,not precise plant locations. No source coordinates adopted,site joins,permit/sustainable availability/datacenter allocation or causal inference.","locator":"Calculated from2020 NV rows; source estimate/plausibility fields retained,not a statistical state interval","unit":"plant-year rows","measurement_role":"calculated_count_saline_consumption_unmodeled_rows"},"thermo2020_withdrawal_sum":{"value":9.675570742206956,"source_ids":["usgs-thermo2020-annual-member","usgs-thermo-reanalysis-attribute-definitions","usgs-thermo-reanalysis-catalog"],"scope":"USGS2008-2020 thermoelectric water-use reanalysis,published annual output filtered to2020:modeled annual-mean million gallons/day,not observed current2026 water use.958plant-year rows cover48conterminous states,not a complete facility census or data center inventory. Withdrawals include fresh/saline rows;consumption at coastal saline plants was not modeled.54Once-through saline source zero-consumption placeholders are excluded from consumption sums,not measured zero. State best/lower/upper figures are calculated sums of source plant model estimates and thermodynamic plausibility limits,not statewide statistical confidence intervals. Do not compare directly with2015county compilation as a measured trend;methods differ. HUC12 IDs and county labels do not certify parcels;README says public model-input coordinates use interpolated HUC12 centroids,not precise plant locations. No source coordinates adopted,site joins,permit/sustainable availability/datacenter allocation or causal inference.","locator":"Calculated from2020 NV rows; source estimate/plausibility fields retained,not a statistical state interval","unit":"million gallons per day","measurement_role":"calculated_sum_model_withdrawal"},"thermo2020_withdrawal_lower_sum":{"value":6.737236929050332,"source_ids":["usgs-thermo2020-annual-member","usgs-thermo-reanalysis-attribute-definitions","usgs-thermo-reanalysis-catalog"],"scope":"USGS2008-2020 thermoelectric water-use reanalysis,published annual output filtered to2020:modeled annual-mean million gallons/day,not observed current2026 water use.958plant-year rows cover48conterminous states,not a complete facility census or data center inventory. Withdrawals include fresh/saline rows;consumption at coastal saline plants was not modeled.54Once-through saline source zero-consumption placeholders are excluded from consumption sums,not measured zero. State best/lower/upper figures are calculated sums of source plant model estimates and thermodynamic plausibility limits,not statewide statistical confidence intervals. Do not compare directly with2015county compilation as a measured trend;methods differ. HUC12 IDs and county labels do not certify parcels;README says public model-input coordinates use interpolated HUC12 centroids,not precise plant locations. No source coordinates adopted,site joins,permit/sustainable availability/datacenter allocation or causal inference.","locator":"Calculated from2020 NV rows; source estimate/plausibility fields retained,not a statistical state interval","unit":"million gallons per day","measurement_role":"calculated_sum_withdrawal_lower_plausibility_limits"},"thermo2020_withdrawal_upper_sum":{"value":15.163786316419525,"source_ids":["usgs-thermo2020-annual-member","usgs-thermo-reanalysis-attribute-definitions","usgs-thermo-reanalysis-catalog"],"scope":"USGS2008-2020 thermoelectric water-use reanalysis,published annual output filtered to2020:modeled annual-mean million gallons/day,not observed current2026 water use.958plant-year rows cover48conterminous states,not a complete facility census or data center inventory. Withdrawals include fresh/saline rows;consumption at coastal saline plants was not modeled.54Once-through saline source zero-consumption placeholders are excluded from consumption sums,not measured zero. State best/lower/upper figures are calculated sums of source plant model estimates and thermodynamic plausibility limits,not statewide statistical confidence intervals. Do not compare directly with2015county compilation as a measured trend;methods differ. HUC12 IDs and county labels do not certify parcels;README says public model-input coordinates use interpolated HUC12 centroids,not precise plant locations. No source coordinates adopted,site joins,permit/sustainable availability/datacenter allocation or causal inference.","locator":"Calculated from2020 NV rows; source estimate/plausibility fields retained,not a statistical state interval","unit":"million gallons per day","measurement_role":"calculated_sum_withdrawal_upper_plausibility_limits"},"thermo2020_consumption_available_sum":{"value":7.554655140071635,"source_ids":["usgs-thermo2020-annual-member","usgs-thermo-reanalysis-attribute-definitions","usgs-thermo-reanalysis-catalog"],"scope":"USGS2008-2020 thermoelectric water-use reanalysis,published annual output filtered to2020:modeled annual-mean million gallons/day,not observed current2026 water use.958plant-year rows cover48conterminous states,not a complete facility census or data center inventory. Withdrawals include fresh/saline rows;consumption at coastal saline plants was not modeled.54Once-through saline source zero-consumption placeholders are excluded from consumption sums,not measured zero. State best/lower/upper figures are calculated sums of source plant model estimates and thermodynamic plausibility limits,not statewide statistical confidence intervals. Do not compare directly with2015county compilation as a measured trend;methods differ. HUC12 IDs and county labels do not certify parcels;README says public model-input coordinates use interpolated HUC12 centroids,not precise plant locations. No source coordinates adopted,site joins,permit/sustainable availability/datacenter allocation or causal inference.","locator":"Calculated from2020 NV rows; source estimate/plausibility fields retained,not a statistical state interval","unit":"million gallons per day","measurement_role":"calculated_sum_available_model_consumption"},"thermo2020_consumption_lower_available_sum":{"value":6.121122749438296,"source_ids":["usgs-thermo2020-annual-member","usgs-thermo-reanalysis-attribute-definitions","usgs-thermo-reanalysis-catalog"],"scope":"USGS2008-2020 thermoelectric water-use reanalysis,published annual output filtered to2020:modeled annual-mean million gallons/day,not observed current2026 water use.958plant-year rows cover48conterminous states,not a complete facility census or data center inventory. Withdrawals include fresh/saline rows;consumption at coastal saline plants was not modeled.54Once-through saline source zero-consumption placeholders are excluded from consumption sums,not measured zero. State best/lower/upper figures are calculated sums of source plant model estimates and thermodynamic plausibility limits,not statewide statistical confidence intervals. Do not compare directly with2015county compilation as a measured trend;methods differ. HUC12 IDs and county labels do not certify parcels;README says public model-input coordinates use interpolated HUC12 centroids,not precise plant locations. No source coordinates adopted,site joins,permit/sustainable availability/datacenter allocation or causal inference.","locator":"Calculated from2020 NV rows; source estimate/plausibility fields retained,not a statistical state interval","unit":"million gallons per day","measurement_role":"calculated_sum_consumption_lower_plausibility_limits"},"thermo2020_consumption_upper_available_sum":{"value":8.999988137542045,"source_ids":["usgs-thermo2020-annual-member","usgs-thermo-reanalysis-attribute-definitions","usgs-thermo-reanalysis-catalog"],"scope":"USGS2008-2020 thermoelectric water-use reanalysis,published annual output filtered to2020:modeled annual-mean million gallons/day,not observed current2026 water use.958plant-year rows cover48conterminous states,not a complete facility census or data center inventory. Withdrawals include fresh/saline rows;consumption at coastal saline plants was not modeled.54Once-through saline source zero-consumption placeholders are excluded from consumption sums,not measured zero. State best/lower/upper figures are calculated sums of source plant model estimates and thermodynamic plausibility limits,not statewide statistical confidence intervals. Do not compare directly with2015county compilation as a measured trend;methods differ. HUC12 IDs and county labels do not certify parcels;README says public model-input coordinates use interpolated HUC12 centroids,not precise plant locations. No source coordinates adopted,site joins,permit/sustainable availability/datacenter allocation or causal inference.","locator":"Calculated from2020 NV rows; source estimate/plausibility fields retained,not a statistical state interval","unit":"million gallons per day","measurement_role":"calculated_sum_consumption_upper_plausibility_limits"},"thermo2020_cooling_basis":{"value":"Historical2020 USGS model-assigned cooling-system categories within the958 reviewed plant-year rows. Counts are model rows,not separate cooling systems or complete state facility counts. Complex means more than one cooling system type;do not distribute Complex rows among other categories. Once-through fresh and saline are literal source categories;do not classify all other categories as freshwater. Withdrawal sums are modeled annual-mean million gallons/day,not consumption,discharge,permits or available supply. A category with no selected rows has a calculated count and sum of zero within this dataset,not evidence of no statewide physical use. All five mutually exclusive model categories partition these rows;saline consumption remains unmodeled and is not inferred from withdrawals. No source coordinates,Native joins,facility or data center allocation.","source_ids":["usgs-thermo2020-annual-member","usgs-thermo-reanalysis-attribute-definitions","usgs-thermo-reanalysis-catalog"],"scope":"Historical2020 USGS model-assigned cooling-system categories within the958 reviewed plant-year rows. Counts are model rows,not separate cooling systems or complete state facility counts. Complex means more than one cooling system type;do not distribute Complex rows among other categories. Once-through fresh and saline are literal source categories;do not classify all other categories as freshwater. Withdrawal sums are modeled annual-mean million gallons/day,not consumption,discharge,permits or available supply. A category with no selected rows has a calculated count and sum of zero within this dataset,not evidence of no statewide physical use. All five mutually exclusive model categories partition these rows;saline consumption remains unmodeled and is not inferred from withdrawals. No source coordinates,Native joins,facility or data center allocation.","locator":"Annual YEAR2020 CSV coolingType and metadata coolingType domain definitions"},"thermo2020_cooling_tower_rows":{"value":7,"source_ids":["usgs-thermo2020-annual-member","usgs-thermo-reanalysis-attribute-definitions","usgs-thermo-reanalysis-catalog"],"scope":"Historical2020 USGS model-assigned cooling-system categories within the958 reviewed plant-year rows. Counts are model rows,not separate cooling systems or complete state facility counts. Complex means more than one cooling system type;do not distribute Complex rows among other categories. Once-through fresh and saline are literal source categories;do not classify all other categories as freshwater. Withdrawal sums are modeled annual-mean million gallons/day,not consumption,discharge,permits or available supply. A category with no selected rows has a calculated count and sum of zero within this dataset,not evidence of no statewide physical use. All five mutually exclusive model categories partition these rows;saline consumption remains unmodeled and is not inferred from withdrawals. No source coordinates,Native joins,facility or data center allocation.","locator":"Calculated count of NV YEAR2020 rows with exact coolingType=Recirculating Tower","unit":"plant-year rows","measurement_role":"calculated_count_model_cooling_category_rows"},"thermo2020_cooling_tower_withdrawal":{"value":7.312980890193605,"source_ids":["usgs-thermo2020-annual-member","usgs-thermo-reanalysis-attribute-definitions","usgs-thermo-reanalysis-catalog"],"scope":"Historical2020 USGS model-assigned cooling-system categories within the958 reviewed plant-year rows. Counts are model rows,not separate cooling systems or complete state facility counts. Complex means more than one cooling system type;do not distribute Complex rows among other categories. Once-through fresh and saline are literal source categories;do not classify all other categories as freshwater. Withdrawal sums are modeled annual-mean million gallons/day,not consumption,discharge,permits or available supply. A category with no selected rows has a calculated count and sum of zero within this dataset,not evidence of no statewide physical use. All five mutually exclusive model categories partition these rows;saline consumption remains unmodeled and is not inferred from withdrawals. No source coordinates,Native joins,facility or data center allocation.","locator":"Calculated sum of wd_mgd for NV YEAR2020 exact coolingType=Recirculating Tower","unit":"million gallons per day","measurement_role":"calculated_sum_model_cooling_category_withdrawal"},"thermo2020_cooling_once_fresh_rows":{"value":0,"source_ids":["usgs-thermo2020-annual-member","usgs-thermo-reanalysis-attribute-definitions","usgs-thermo-reanalysis-catalog"],"scope":"Historical2020 USGS model-assigned cooling-system categories within the958 reviewed plant-year rows. Counts are model rows,not separate cooling systems or complete state facility counts. Complex means more than one cooling system type;do not distribute Complex rows among other categories. Once-through fresh and saline are literal source categories;do not classify all other categories as freshwater. Withdrawal sums are modeled annual-mean million gallons/day,not consumption,discharge,permits or available supply. A category with no selected rows has a calculated count and sum of zero within this dataset,not evidence of no statewide physical use. All five mutually exclusive model categories partition these rows;saline consumption remains unmodeled and is not inferred from withdrawals. No source coordinates,Native joins,facility or data center allocation.","locator":"Calculated count of NV YEAR2020 rows with exact coolingType=Once-through fresh","unit":"plant-year rows","measurement_role":"calculated_count_model_cooling_category_rows"},"thermo2020_cooling_once_fresh_withdrawal":{"value":0.0,"source_ids":["usgs-thermo2020-annual-member","usgs-thermo-reanalysis-attribute-definitions","usgs-thermo-reanalysis-catalog"],"scope":"Historical2020 USGS model-assigned cooling-system categories within the958 reviewed plant-year rows. Counts are model rows,not separate cooling systems or complete state facility counts. Complex means more than one cooling system type;do not distribute Complex rows among other categories. Once-through fresh and saline are literal source categories;do not classify all other categories as freshwater. Withdrawal sums are modeled annual-mean million gallons/day,not consumption,discharge,permits or available supply. A category with no selected rows has a calculated count and sum of zero within this dataset,not evidence of no statewide physical use. All five mutually exclusive model categories partition these rows;saline consumption remains unmodeled and is not inferred from withdrawals. No source coordinates,Native joins,facility or data center allocation.","locator":"Calculated sum of wd_mgd for NV YEAR2020 exact coolingType=Once-through fresh","unit":"million gallons per day","measurement_role":"calculated_sum_model_cooling_category_withdrawal"},"thermo2020_cooling_complex_rows":{"value":1,"source_ids":["usgs-thermo2020-annual-member","usgs-thermo-reanalysis-attribute-definitions","usgs-thermo-reanalysis-catalog"],"scope":"Historical2020 USGS model-assigned cooling-system categories within the958 reviewed plant-year rows. Counts are model rows,not separate cooling systems or complete state facility counts. Complex means more than one cooling system type;do not distribute Complex rows among other categories. Once-through fresh and saline are literal source categories;do not classify all other categories as freshwater. Withdrawal sums are modeled annual-mean million gallons/day,not consumption,discharge,permits or available supply. A category with no selected rows has a calculated count and sum of zero within this dataset,not evidence of no statewide physical use. All five mutually exclusive model categories partition these rows;saline consumption remains unmodeled and is not inferred from withdrawals. No source coordinates,Native joins,facility or data center allocation.","locator":"Calculated count of NV YEAR2020 rows with exact coolingType=Complex","unit":"plant-year rows","measurement_role":"calculated_count_model_cooling_category_rows"},"thermo2020_cooling_complex_withdrawal":{"value":0.834116374395501,"source_ids":["usgs-thermo2020-annual-member","usgs-thermo-reanalysis-attribute-definitions","usgs-thermo-reanalysis-catalog"],"scope":"Historical2020 USGS model-assigned cooling-system categories within the958 reviewed plant-year rows. Counts are model rows,not separate cooling systems or complete state facility counts. Complex means more than one cooling system type;do not distribute Complex rows among other categories. Once-through fresh and saline are literal source categories;do not classify all other categories as freshwater. Withdrawal sums are modeled annual-mean million gallons/day,not consumption,discharge,permits or available supply. A category with no selected rows has a calculated count and sum of zero within this dataset,not evidence of no statewide physical use. All five mutually exclusive model categories partition these rows;saline consumption remains unmodeled and is not inferred from withdrawals. No source coordinates,Native joins,facility or data center allocation.","locator":"Calculated sum of wd_mgd for NV YEAR2020 exact coolingType=Complex","unit":"million gallons per day","measurement_role":"calculated_sum_model_cooling_category_withdrawal"},"thermo2020_cooling_once_saline_rows":{"value":0,"source_ids":["usgs-thermo2020-annual-member","usgs-thermo-reanalysis-attribute-definitions","usgs-thermo-reanalysis-catalog"],"scope":"Historical2020 USGS model-assigned cooling-system categories within the958 reviewed plant-year rows. Counts are model rows,not separate cooling systems or complete state facility counts. Complex means more than one cooling system type;do not distribute Complex rows among other categories. Once-through fresh and saline are literal source categories;do not classify all other categories as freshwater. Withdrawal sums are modeled annual-mean million gallons/day,not consumption,discharge,permits or available supply. A category with no selected rows has a calculated count and sum of zero within this dataset,not evidence of no statewide physical use. All five mutually exclusive model categories partition these rows;saline consumption remains unmodeled and is not inferred from withdrawals. No source coordinates,Native joins,facility or data center allocation.","locator":"Calculated count of NV YEAR2020 rows with exact coolingType=Once-through saline","unit":"plant-year rows","measurement_role":"calculated_count_model_cooling_category_rows"},"thermo2020_cooling_once_saline_withdrawal":{"value":0.0,"source_ids":["usgs-thermo2020-annual-member","usgs-thermo-reanalysis-attribute-definitions","usgs-thermo-reanalysis-catalog"],"scope":"Historical2020 USGS model-assigned cooling-system categories within the958 reviewed plant-year rows. Counts are model rows,not separate cooling systems or complete state facility counts. Complex means more than one cooling system type;do not distribute Complex rows among other categories. Once-through fresh and saline are literal source categories;do not classify all other categories as freshwater. Withdrawal sums are modeled annual-mean million gallons/day,not consumption,discharge,permits or available supply. A category with no selected rows has a calculated count and sum of zero within this dataset,not evidence of no statewide physical use. All five mutually exclusive model categories partition these rows;saline consumption remains unmodeled and is not inferred from withdrawals. No source coordinates,Native joins,facility or data center allocation.","locator":"Calculated sum of wd_mgd for NV YEAR2020 exact coolingType=Once-through saline","unit":"million gallons per day","measurement_role":"calculated_sum_model_cooling_category_withdrawal"},"thermo2020_cooling_pond_rows":{"value":1,"source_ids":["usgs-thermo2020-annual-member","usgs-thermo-reanalysis-attribute-definitions","usgs-thermo-reanalysis-catalog"],"scope":"Historical2020 USGS model-assigned cooling-system categories within the958 reviewed plant-year rows. Counts are model rows,not separate cooling systems or complete state facility counts. Complex means more than one cooling system type;do not distribute Complex rows among other categories. Once-through fresh and saline are literal source categories;do not classify all other categories as freshwater. Withdrawal sums are modeled annual-mean million gallons/day,not consumption,discharge,permits or available supply. A category with no selected rows has a calculated count and sum of zero within this dataset,not evidence of no statewide physical use. All five mutually exclusive model categories partition these rows;saline consumption remains unmodeled and is not inferred from withdrawals. No source coordinates,Native joins,facility or data center allocation.","locator":"Calculated count of NV YEAR2020 rows with exact coolingType=Recirculating pond","unit":"plant-year rows","measurement_role":"calculated_count_model_cooling_category_rows"},"thermo2020_cooling_pond_withdrawal":{"value":1.52847347761785,"source_ids":["usgs-thermo2020-annual-member","usgs-thermo-reanalysis-attribute-definitions","usgs-thermo-reanalysis-catalog"],"scope":"Historical2020 USGS model-assigned cooling-system categories within the958 reviewed plant-year rows. Counts are model rows,not separate cooling systems or complete state facility counts. Complex means more than one cooling system type;do not distribute Complex rows among other categories. Once-through fresh and saline are literal source categories;do not classify all other categories as freshwater. Withdrawal sums are modeled annual-mean million gallons/day,not consumption,discharge,permits or available supply. A category with no selected rows has a calculated count and sum of zero within this dataset,not evidence of no statewide physical use. All five mutually exclusive model categories partition these rows;saline consumption remains unmodeled and is not inferred from withdrawals. No source coordinates,Native joins,facility or data center allocation.","locator":"Calculated sum of wd_mgd for NV YEAR2020 exact coolingType=Recirculating pond","unit":"million gallons per day","measurement_role":"calculated_sum_model_cooling_category_withdrawal"}}}],"sources":{"google-environment-2026-report":{"url":"https://sustainability.google/files/google-2026-environmental-report.pdf","title":"Google 2026 Environmental Report, 2025 water by location","publisher":"Google","published_on":null,"date_note":"The retained report identifies the 2026 edition but no exact publication day is admitted in this review.","checked_at":"2026-10-23T13:40:23.294202+00:00","sha256":"1ed48de75e39955734a50c63599ca6c5f5a9bdf21465425b3ea85fde7f54320c","scope":"Reported 2025 location totals in million gallons, table page97 actually viewed. Methodology on pages87 and88 allows estimates where metered or invoiced data is unavailable. Location metrics are rounded and exclude specified seawater and brackish sources.","tier":"B","establishes_status":["historical"]},"nv-executive-order2026005-20261024":{"url":"https://www.gov.nv.gov/executive-actions/executive-orders/2026-executive-orders/eo-2026-005","title":"Nevada Executive Order 2026 005 water conditions for pending abatement applications","publisher":"Nevada Governor","published_on":"2026-09-17","date_note":"September 17 is the executed order date. The web footer records last updated September 18, not its first publication date.","checked_at":"2026-10-24T01:09:53.100899+00:00","sha256":"ba49c2c0a2f43f7e8905aeebde036cb75cf4f0024446ca85d1fc7a5a4aaf3ffe","scope":"Entire official web order sections 1 through 7, witness date and footer read. No separate signed PDF was reviewed. Scope is conditions for pending state partial abatements, not a general water disclosure law. No numerical water standard, actual published commitment form or individual report verified.","tier":"A","establishes_status":["historical"]},"nv-nrs360-current-20261024":{"url":"https://www.leg.state.nv.us/Division/Legal/LawLibrary/nrs/NRS-360.html","title":"Nevada NRS 360.754 partial abatement application statute","publisher":"Nevada Legislature","published_on":null,"date_note":"Current statutory compilation does not establish an exact source publication day. The through December 31, 2056 heading is not a facility abatement term.","checked_at":"2026-10-24T01:12:40.369547+00:00","sha256":"0a68081ed17acefc38ffb6dc1054fee24dffb186faf567b9dff39e5905eb10b8","scope":"Complete section 360.754 including all fifteen subsections, heading and amendment note read. Other Chapter 360 sections, referenced NRS 360.755 and 361.0683, regulations and wage tables were not substantively reviewed. This source verifies the statutory application framework and agency discretion, not actual awards or water quantities.","tier":"A","establishes_status":["historical"]},"nv-goed-incentives-current-20261024":{"url":"https://goed.nv.gov/incentives/","title":"Nevada GOED data center abatement and executive order entry","publisher":"Nevada Governor Office of Economic Development","published_on":null,"date_note":"Exact page publication day is not stated. The executive order entry says as of September 16, 2026, distinct from the order executed September 17.","checked_at":"2026-10-24T01:12:40.766127+00:00","sha256":"2da113a6835b2e1197d2b2c8c9dfb83192500806dab6ee8960ea18db82c7ac95","scope":"Complete data center abatement entry and executive order block read, with exact linked overview PDF identified. Other incentive programs not substantively reviewed. Baseline sales rate wording and executive conditions retain separate scope. No award, reporting form, water quantity or compliance finding verified.","tier":"A","establishes_status":["historical"]},"nv-goed-data-center-overview-20261001":{"url":"https://goed.nv.gov/wp-content/uploads/2026/10/Nevada-Data-Center-Tax-Abatement-2026-10.1.26.pdf","title":"Nevada GOED single page data center abatement overview","publisher":"Nevada Governor Office of Economic Development","published_on":null,"date_note":"Filename names October 1, 2026, while printed footer says Updated Aug 2026 and the body says as of September 16, 2026. Exact publication day remains unknown. PDF metadata is not publication proof.","checked_at":"2026-10-24T01:16:45.566717+00:00","sha256":"f1dba2313f4ab4fbb3b6c85f35002363478ca94d7b22b5d6679364dba59581c9","scope":"Entire actual single page PDF read and original page 1 visually checked. Agency summary only; its date labels and remaining sales rate wording are retained beside the separately scoped executive order and current webpage. Unreviewed regulations and statutory cross references are not certified by this overview.","tier":"A","establishes_status":["historical"]},"usgs-thermoelectric-2015-circular1441":{"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1441/circ1441.pdf","title":"USGS Circular1441 Tables12,13A,13B historical thermoelectric water2015","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","published_on":null,"date_note":"Report explicitly2018, exact publication day not established from reviewed pages. Estimates represent2015, not capture2026.","scope":"Historical2015 state thermoelectric power estimates, including fresh and saline water. Not current2026 conditions, data center facility use, drinking water demand, permit allocation or proof of a data center effect. Withdrawal, total water use including deliveries and reclaimed wastewater, and consumptive use are distinct. Consumption may exceed withdrawal because other supplied water is included. Independent rounding is retained; no facility joins or per kWh allocation.","checked_at":"2026-10-26T16:26:24.100526+00:00","sha256":"ef0e2caa3bd7769fde0de383f6668ba2559d8b716a38bfec6bed027729061f88","tier":"A","establishes_status":["historical"],"reviewed_cooling_pages":[{"physical_page":56,"printed_page":48,"actually_viewed":true,"image_path":"/Users/shaunwilson/Documents/Data Centers Atlas/build/cache/layers-20261024/usgs-water2015-cooling-56.png","image_sha256":"2679f353db6b2f6ecf3949271cdc27ee7a233e3a481ec48e634b455476967992","whole_report_read":false},{"physical_page":57,"printed_page":49,"actually_viewed":true,"image_path":"/Users/shaunwilson/Documents/Data Centers Atlas/build/cache/layers-20261024/usgs-water2015-cooling-57.png","image_sha256":"91b53a88319f53e4aaf723464e70bccb80da89f237483345d7433dfd3de7a635","whole_report_read":false}]},"usgs-thermo2020-annual-member":{"url":"https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/file/get/63adc826d34e92aad3ca5af4?f=__disk__b7%2Fce%2Fee%2Fb7ceee404ebbc37e014be1ac9098088824e00443","title":"Published annual thermoelectric water model output2008-2020;2020 selection","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","published_on":"2023-10-31","date_note":"Catalog dataset publication2023-10-31;individual metadata revision day not established.","scope":"USGS2008-2020 thermoelectric water-use reanalysis,published annual output filtered to2020:modeled annual-mean million gallons/day,not observed current2026 water use.958plant-year rows cover48conterminous states,not a complete facility census or data center inventory. Withdrawals include fresh/saline rows;consumption at coastal saline plants was not modeled.54Once-through saline source zero-consumption placeholders are excluded from consumption sums,not measured zero. State best/lower/upper figures are calculated sums of source plant model estimates and thermodynamic plausibility limits,not statewide statistical confidence intervals. Do not compare directly with2015county compilation as a measured trend;methods differ. HUC12 IDs and county labels do not certify parcels;README says public model-input coordinates use interpolated HUC12 centroids,not precise plant locations. No source coordinates adopted,site joins,permit/sustainable availability/datacenter allocation or causal inference.","checked_at":"2026-10-27T22:08:53.974305+00:00","sha256":"f19e1026cf5379a2d47a27412834365742f8b6b59aa9aeb8692543dcf18c7664","raw_path":"/Users/shaunwilson/Documents/Data Centers Atlas/build/cache/layers-20261023/usgs-thermo-reanalysis-published-annual.csv","tier":"A","establishes_status":["historical"],"member":"4_model_results/published_annual_thermoelectric_water_use_estimates_2008-2020.csv","member_crc32":4031126398,"container_sha256":"2c365899da6a8016aa6da39265eeea0e7b4555dcd3f8b8fcf3c05b181409d54c","container_bytes":681440737,"container_raw_path":"/Users/shaunwilson/Documents/Data Centers Atlas/build/cache/layers-20261023/usgs-galanter2023-published-archive.zip"},"usgs-thermo-reanalysis-attribute-definitions":{"url":"https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/file/get/63adc826d34e92aad3ca5af4?f=__disk__da%2Fd9%2F78%2Fdad9784363a86225e69035d9b8c7ef7a8d99da02","title":"Annual thermoelectric model attribute definitions","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","published_on":null,"date_note":"Catalog dataset publication2023-10-31;individual metadata revision day not established.","scope":"USGS2008-2020 thermoelectric water-use reanalysis,published annual output filtered to2020:modeled annual-mean million gallons/day,not observed current2026 water use.958plant-year rows cover48conterminous states,not a complete facility census or data center inventory. Withdrawals include fresh/saline rows;consumption at coastal saline plants was not modeled.54Once-through saline source zero-consumption placeholders are excluded from consumption sums,not measured zero. State best/lower/upper figures are calculated sums of source plant model estimates and thermodynamic plausibility limits,not statewide statistical confidence intervals. Do not compare directly with2015county compilation as a measured trend;methods differ. HUC12 IDs and county labels do not certify parcels;README says public model-input coordinates use interpolated HUC12 centroids,not precise plant locations. No source coordinates adopted,site joins,permit/sustainable availability/datacenter allocation or causal inference.","checked_at":"2026-10-27T22:10:39.568488+00:00","sha256":"da1a426d2920c63a91a66ac5c45cc21541d8f0fb807275491570c49f9356dda3","raw_path":"/Users/shaunwilson/Documents/Data Centers Atlas/build/cache/layers-20261023/usgs-thermo-reanalysis-attributes-20261027.bin","tier":"A","establishes_status":["historical"]},"usgs-thermo-reanalysis-catalog":{"url":"https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/item/63adc826d34e92aad3ca5af4?format=json","title":"Thermoelectric reanalysis2008-2020 catalog and limitations","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","published_on":null,"date_note":"Catalog dataset publication2023-10-31;individual metadata revision day not established.","scope":"USGS2008-2020 thermoelectric water-use reanalysis,published annual output filtered to2020:modeled annual-mean million gallons/day,not observed current2026 water use.958plant-year rows cover48conterminous states,not a complete facility census or data center inventory. Withdrawals include fresh/saline rows;consumption at coastal saline plants was not modeled.54Once-through saline source zero-consumption placeholders are excluded from consumption sums,not measured zero. State best/lower/upper figures are calculated sums of source plant model estimates and thermodynamic plausibility limits,not statewide statistical confidence intervals. Do not compare directly with2015county compilation as a measured trend;methods differ. HUC12 IDs and county labels do not certify parcels;README says public model-input coordinates use interpolated HUC12 centroids,not precise plant locations. No source coordinates adopted,site joins,permit/sustainable availability/datacenter allocation or causal inference.","checked_at":"2026-10-27T22:05:54.160633+00:00","sha256":"782d5e88048b3a7d076539539a78a4beb382d5891ae5fa84f77d87fcdd5d5cc1","raw_path":"/Users/shaunwilson/Documents/Data Centers Atlas/build/cache/layers-20261023/usgs-thermo-reanalysis-catalog-json-20261027.bin","tier":"A","establishes_status":["historical"]}},"details":[{"id":"water-google-henderson-2025","html":"<article><h3>Google Henderson 2025 water reporting</h3><p class=\"layer-scope\">Google reported location totals only, potentially covering multiple facilities. These are not all operators in a city or state, approved supply allocations or an individual building reading.</p><dl class=\"layer-fields\"><dt>Status</dt><dd>historical<span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://sustainability.google/files/google-2026-environmental-report.pdf\">Google</a>. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 23, 2026.</span> <p class=\"layer-scope\">Company disclosure about a prior year, not a water law, permit allocation or physical status. Locator: 2025 location table, page97.</p></dd><dt>Period</dt><dd>Calendar year 2025<span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://sustainability.google/files/google-2026-environmental-report.pdf\">Google</a>. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 23, 2026.</span> <p class=\"layer-scope\">Annual location reporting, not a daily rate. Locator: Table year heading, page97.</p></dd><dt>Validation basis</dt><dd>Operator reported<span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://sustainability.google/files/google-2026-environmental-report.pdf\">Google</a>. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 23, 2026.</span> <p class=\"layer-scope\">Company methodology may use estimates where actual metered or invoiced data is unavailable. Locator: Water methodology, pages87 and88.</p></dd><dt>Reported withdrawal</dt><dd>401.7 million gallons<span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://sustainability.google/files/google-2026-environmental-report.pdf\">Google</a>. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 23, 2026.</span> <p class=\"layer-scope\">Reported annual location total, rounded to 0.1 million gallons. Different water measures are not summed. Locator: Henderson, NV row, Withdrawal column, page97.</p></dd><dt>Reported discharge</dt><dd>162.3 million gallons<span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://sustainability.google/files/google-2026-environmental-report.pdf\">Google</a>. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 23, 2026.</span> <p class=\"layer-scope\">Reported annual location total, rounded to 0.1 million gallons. Different water measures are not summed. Locator: Henderson, NV row, Discharge column, page97.</p></dd><dt>Reported consumption</dt><dd>239.4 million gallons<span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://sustainability.google/files/google-2026-environmental-report.pdf\">Google</a>. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 23, 2026.</span> <p class=\"layer-scope\">Reported annual location total, rounded to 0.1 million gallons. Different water measures are not summed. Locator: Henderson, NV row, Consumption column, page97.</p></dd><dt>Definition</dt><dd>Google defines consumption as withdrawal minus discharge.<span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://sustainability.google/files/google-2026-environmental-report.pdf\">Google</a>. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 23, 2026.</span> <p class=\"layer-scope\">The values here are taken directly from the source table; no new daily conversion or mixed total is calculated. Locator: Water methodology, page87.</p></dd><dt>Source assurance</dt><dd>The table marks these 2025 metrics as subject to third party limited assurance procedures.<span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://sustainability.google/files/google-2026-environmental-report.pdf\">Google</a>. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 23, 2026.</span> <p class=\"layer-scope\">Statement about the source legend. A separate review of the assurance opinion and per location metering is not established here. Locator: Check marks and legend, page97.</p></dd><dt>Atlas record id</dt><dd><span class=\"layer-empty\">Not established</span><span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://sustainability.google/files/google-2026-environmental-report.pdf\">Google</a>. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 23, 2026.</span> <p class=\"layer-scope\">The reported location total has not been independently joined to one Atlas building or parcel. Locator: Location scope hold.</p></dd><dt>Exclusively metered</dt><dd><span class=\"layer-empty\">Not established</span><span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://sustainability.google/files/google-2026-environmental-report.pdf\">Google</a>. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 23, 2026.</span> <p class=\"layer-scope\">Whether all amounts for this location were exclusively metered is not established by this review. Locator: Conditional measurement methodology, pages87 and88.</p></dd></dl></article>"},{"id":"water-google-storey-county-2025","html":"<article><h3>Google Storey County 2025 water reporting</h3><p class=\"layer-scope\">Google reported location totals only, potentially covering multiple facilities. These are not all operators in a city or state, approved supply allocations or an individual building reading. The report identifies this location as an air cooled facility. That description does not mean zero reported water use.</p><dl class=\"layer-fields\"><dt>Status</dt><dd>historical<span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://sustainability.google/files/google-2026-environmental-report.pdf\">Google</a>. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 23, 2026.</span> <p class=\"layer-scope\">Company disclosure about a prior year, not a water law, permit allocation or physical status. Locator: 2025 location table, page97.</p></dd><dt>Period</dt><dd>Calendar year 2025<span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://sustainability.google/files/google-2026-environmental-report.pdf\">Google</a>. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 23, 2026.</span> <p class=\"layer-scope\">Annual location reporting, not a daily rate. Locator: Table year heading, page97.</p></dd><dt>Validation basis</dt><dd>Operator reported<span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://sustainability.google/files/google-2026-environmental-report.pdf\">Google</a>. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 23, 2026.</span> <p class=\"layer-scope\">Company methodology may use estimates where actual metered or invoiced data is unavailable. Locator: Water methodology, pages87 and88.</p></dd><dt>Reported withdrawal</dt><dd>66.7 million gallons<span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://sustainability.google/files/google-2026-environmental-report.pdf\">Google</a>. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 23, 2026.</span> <p class=\"layer-scope\">Reported annual location total, rounded to 0.1 million gallons. Different water measures are not summed. Locator: Storey County, NV row, Withdrawal column, page97.</p></dd><dt>Reported discharge</dt><dd>60.0 million gallons<span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://sustainability.google/files/google-2026-environmental-report.pdf\">Google</a>. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 23, 2026.</span> <p class=\"layer-scope\">Reported annual location total, rounded to 0.1 million gallons. Different water measures are not summed. Locator: Storey County, NV row, Discharge column, page97.</p></dd><dt>Reported consumption</dt><dd>6.7 million gallons<span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://sustainability.google/files/google-2026-environmental-report.pdf\">Google</a>. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 23, 2026.</span> <p class=\"layer-scope\">Reported annual location total, rounded to 0.1 million gallons. Different water measures are not summed. Locator: Storey County, NV row, Consumption column, page97.</p></dd><dt>Definition</dt><dd>Google defines consumption as withdrawal minus discharge.<span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://sustainability.google/files/google-2026-environmental-report.pdf\">Google</a>. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 23, 2026.</span> <p class=\"layer-scope\">The values here are taken directly from the source table; no new daily conversion or mixed total is calculated. Locator: Water methodology, page87.</p></dd><dt>Source assurance</dt><dd>The table marks these 2025 metrics as subject to third party limited assurance procedures.<span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://sustainability.google/files/google-2026-environmental-report.pdf\">Google</a>. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 23, 2026.</span> <p class=\"layer-scope\">Statement about the source legend. A separate review of the assurance opinion and per location metering is not established here. Locator: Check marks and legend, page97.</p></dd><dt>Atlas record id</dt><dd><span class=\"layer-empty\">Not established</span><span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://sustainability.google/files/google-2026-environmental-report.pdf\">Google</a>. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 23, 2026.</span> <p class=\"layer-scope\">The reported location total has not been independently joined to one Atlas building or parcel. Locator: Location scope hold.</p></dd><dt>Exclusively metered</dt><dd><span class=\"layer-empty\">Not established</span><span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://sustainability.google/files/google-2026-environmental-report.pdf\">Google</a>. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 23, 2026.</span> <p class=\"layer-scope\">Whether all amounts for this location were exclusively metered is not established by this review. Locator: Conditional measurement methodology, pages87 and88.</p></dd><dt>Cooling description</dt><dd>Google identifies the reported location as an air cooled facility.<span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://sustainability.google/files/google-2026-environmental-report.pdf\">Google</a>. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 23, 2026.</span> <p class=\"layer-scope\">A source description, not a finding of zero water use, a measured cooling system performance or an independently verified operating status. Reported water quantities remain separate. Locator: Location endnote233 refers to endnote226, page116.</p></dd></dl></article>"},{"id":"water-nv-abatement-commitment-2026","html":"<article><h3>Nevada water conditions for pending state abatement applications</h3><p class=\"layer-scope\">Dated executive policy conditions for pending state assistance. Location specific water standards and future aggregate reporting directions remain separate from statewide disclosure law, actual water measurements and individual awards.</p><dl class=\"layer-fields\"><dt>Status</dt><dd>historical<span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://www.gov.nv.gov/executive-actions/executive-orders/2026-executive-orders/eo-2026-005\">Nevada Governor</a>. Source: September 17, 2026. Checked: October 24, 2026.</span> <p class=\"layer-scope\">Dated executive policy and agency context. This classification does not establish a general enacted water disclosure law, current unrescinded status or an individual facility approval. Locator: Order witness date and section 7.</p></dd><dt>Abatement water basis</dt><dd>Executive conditions on pending state abatement applications<span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://www.gov.nv.gov/executive-actions/executive-orders/2026-executive-orders/eo-2026-005\">Nevada Governor</a>. Source: September 17, 2026. Checked: October 24, 2026.</span> <span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://www.leg.state.nv.us/Division/Legal/LawLibrary/nrs/NRS-360.html\">Nevada Legislature</a>. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 24, 2026.</span> <p class=\"layer-scope\">Water conditions attach to applications for state assistance under NRS 360.754. They are not admitted as statewide metered water reporting or a numerical water use limit. Locator: Order sections 2, 3 and 7; statute section 360.754.</p></dd><dt>Executed on</dt><dd>September 17, 2026<span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://www.gov.nv.gov/executive-actions/executive-orders/2026-executive-orders/eo-2026-005\">Nevada Governor</a>. Source: September 17, 2026. Checked: October 24, 2026.</span> <p class=\"layer-scope\">Actual order execution date, separately retained from the agency summary September 16 wording and web update September 18. Locator: Order witness statement.</p></dd><dt>Effective on</dt><dd>September 17, 2026<span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://www.gov.nv.gov/executive-actions/executive-orders/2026-executive-orders/eo-2026-005\">Nevada Governor</a>. Source: September 17, 2026. Checked: October 24, 2026.</span> <p class=\"layer-scope\">Section 7 says immediately effective. This is the executed order effect, not a reviewed facility award, later implementation or independently verified continuing legal status. Locator: Order section 7 and witness date.</p></dd><dt>Application scope</dt><dd>Applications for partial data center abatements under NRS 360.754 that the Board has not yet acted upon. Applications approved before the effective date and agreements under them are excluded.<span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://www.gov.nv.gov/executive-actions/executive-orders/2026-executive-orders/eo-2026-005\">Nevada Governor</a>. Source: September 17, 2026. Checked: October 24, 2026.</span> <span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://www.leg.state.nv.us/Division/Legal/LawLibrary/nrs/NRS-360.html\">Nevada Legislature</a>. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 24, 2026.</span> <p class=\"layer-scope\">These are state assistance conditions. No existing individual application, approval date, award or facility identity is adjudicated. Locator: Order sections 2, 3(a) and 7; statute subsection 1.</p></dd><dt>Water condition</dt><dd>The Nevada Community Support Commitment must provide that the facility meets the water standard for its location.<span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://www.gov.nv.gov/executive-actions/executive-orders/2026-executive-orders/eo-2026-005\">Nevada Governor</a>. Source: September 17, 2026. Checked: October 24, 2026.</span> <span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://goed.nv.gov/incentives/\">Nevada Governor Office of Economic Development</a>. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 24, 2026.</span> <p class=\"layer-scope\">The order does not give a numerical water standard, withdrawal or consumption limit, engineering approval or actual facility water quantity. The agency summary uses responsible water use and an applicable location specific standard. Locator: Order section 3(b); GOED executive order entry.</p></dd><dt>Commitment form due on</dt><dd>November 6, 2026<span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://www.gov.nv.gov/executive-actions/executive-orders/2026-executive-orders/eo-2026-005\">Nevada Governor</a>. Source: September 17, 2026. Checked: October 24, 2026.</span> <p class=\"layer-scope\">Deadline for the Executive Director to publish uniform terms in consultation with the State Engineer, Public Utilities Commission and concerned agencies, local governments and school districts. A future deadline is not proof of an actual issued form or completed consultation. Locator: Order section 3(b).</p></dd><dt>Interim commitment</dt><dd>Before the standard form is published, the applicant must execute the Commitment on the terms described in the order and incorporate it into the agreement.<span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://www.gov.nv.gov/executive-actions/executive-orders/2026-executive-orders/eo-2026-005\">Nevada Governor</a>. Source: September 17, 2026. Checked: October 24, 2026.</span> <p class=\"layer-scope\">The interim direction does not identify any actual signed agreement, water standard finding or Board action. Locator: Order section 3(a).</p></dd><dt>Aggregate reporting</dt><dd>The Executive Director must publish annually, in aggregate form, the measures the Commitment requires to be reported.<span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://www.gov.nv.gov/executive-actions/executive-orders/2026-executive-orders/eo-2026-005\">Nevada Governor</a>. Source: September 17, 2026. Checked: October 24, 2026.</span> <p class=\"layer-scope\">This is a publication direction concerning commitment measures. No actual aggregate report, individual public water report, reporting period, gallon quantity or completeness finding is reviewed. Locator: Order section 4.</p></dd><dt>Preserved authority</dt><dd>The order preserves Board discretion, statutory agency duties, Public Utilities Commission jurisdiction and its pending or approved proceedings and instruments, and county or city land use authority.<span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://www.gov.nv.gov/executive-actions/executive-orders/2026-executive-orders/eo-2026-005\">Nevada Governor</a>. Source: September 17, 2026. Checked: October 24, 2026.</span> <p class=\"layer-scope\">Conditions of state assistance do not replace local water or land use approval, direct utility commission decisions or establish a new generally approved tariff. Locator: Order section 7.</p></dd><dt>Statutory discretion</dt><dd>NRS 360.754 permits the Office to waive requirements, impose more stringent requirements or impose additional requirements.<span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://www.leg.state.nv.us/Division/Legal/LawLibrary/nrs/NRS-360.html\">Nevada Legislature</a>. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 24, 2026.</span> <span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://www.gov.nv.gov/executive-actions/executive-orders/2026-executive-orders/eo-2026-005\">Nevada Governor</a>. Source: September 17, 2026. Checked: October 24, 2026.</span> <p class=\"layer-scope\">The executive order invokes this statutory application framework. This is not automatic applicant eligibility or proof of an actual waiver, water approval or abatement award. Locator: Statute subsection 3(c); order whereas and sections 2 and 3.</p></dd><dt>Date conflict</dt><dd>The order is executed September 17, 2026, while the GOED webpage and linked overview say as of September 16, 2026. The order webpage records an update on September 18.<span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://www.gov.nv.gov/executive-actions/executive-orders/2026-executive-orders/eo-2026-005\">Nevada Governor</a>. Source: September 17, 2026. Checked: October 24, 2026.</span> <span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://goed.nv.gov/incentives/\">Nevada Governor Office of Economic Development</a>. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 24, 2026.</span> <span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://goed.nv.gov/wp-content/uploads/2026/10/Nevada-Data-Center-Tax-Abatement-2026-10.1.26.pdf\">Nevada Governor Office of Economic Development</a>. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 24, 2026.</span> <p class=\"layer-scope\">These dates retain their distinct source meanings without silent correction. The overview filename October 1 and printed Updated Aug 2026 footer do not establish its publication day. Locator: Order witness and footer; GOED executive block; overview body and footer.</p></dd><dt>Guidance scope conflict</dt><dd>The current GOED webpage retains baseline sales rate wording as low as 2 percent. Its linked overview states a remaining 4.6 percent rate, while the executive order sets a minimum 4.6 percent combined rate for the applications it covers.<span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://goed.nv.gov/incentives/\">Nevada Governor Office of Economic Development</a>. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 24, 2026.</span> <span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://goed.nv.gov/wp-content/uploads/2026/10/Nevada-Data-Center-Tax-Abatement-2026-10.1.26.pdf\">Nevada Governor Office of Economic Development</a>. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 24, 2026.</span> <span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://www.gov.nv.gov/executive-actions/executive-orders/2026-executive-orders/eo-2026-005\">Nevada Governor</a>. Source: September 17, 2026. Checked: October 24, 2026.</span> <p class=\"layer-scope\">The differing descriptions are preserved with their scopes. This is not a 4.6 percent abatement, universal new tax, statutory repeal, actual tax paid or water quantity. No calculated rate difference is admitted. Locator: GOED data center entry; overview sales tax paragraph; order section 2.</p></dd><dt>Citation anomaly</dt><dd>Section 3(a) prints NRS 754 while the whereas clause and section 2 identify NRS 360.754.<span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://www.gov.nv.gov/executive-actions/executive-orders/2026-executive-orders/eo-2026-005\">Nevada Governor</a>. Source: September 17, 2026. Checked: October 24, 2026.</span> <p class=\"layer-scope\">The published citation difference is retained without silently editing the order or asserting that an unreviewed legal provision supplies a water standard. Locator: Order whereas, section 2 and section 3(a).</p></dd><dt>Duration</dt><dd>The order says it remains in effect until rescinded or superseded by regulation, State Plan guidelines or legislative act.<span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://www.gov.nv.gov/executive-actions/executive-orders/2026-executive-orders/eo-2026-005\">Nevada Governor</a>. Source: September 17, 2026. Checked: October 24, 2026.</span> <p class=\"layer-scope\">No separate complete current rescission, regulation or implementation search establishes continuing legal force. Approved facility terms continuing for their abatement term is separate from the duration of the order. Locator: Order sections 4 and 7.</p></dd><dt>Numerical water standard</dt><dd><span class=\"layer-empty\">Not established</span><span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://www.gov.nv.gov/executive-actions/executive-orders/2026-executive-orders/eo-2026-005\">Nevada Governor</a>. Source: September 17, 2026. Checked: October 24, 2026.</span> <span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://www.leg.state.nv.us/Division/Legal/LawLibrary/nrs/NRS-360.html\">Nevada Legislature</a>. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 24, 2026.</span> <span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://goed.nv.gov/incentives/\">Nevada Governor Office of Economic Development</a>. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 24, 2026.</span> <span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://goed.nv.gov/wp-content/uploads/2026/10/Nevada-Data-Center-Tax-Abatement-2026-10.1.26.pdf\">Nevada Governor Office of Economic Development</a>. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 24, 2026.</span> <p class=\"layer-scope\">No numerical location specific water standard is given or independently verified. Locator: Complete executive order review and bounded agency and statutory review boundary.</p></dd><dt>Reported withdrawal</dt><dd><span class=\"layer-empty\">Not established</span><span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://www.gov.nv.gov/executive-actions/executive-orders/2026-executive-orders/eo-2026-005\">Nevada Governor</a>. Source: September 17, 2026. Checked: October 24, 2026.</span> <span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://www.leg.state.nv.us/Division/Legal/LawLibrary/nrs/NRS-360.html\">Nevada Legislature</a>. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 24, 2026.</span> <span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://goed.nv.gov/incentives/\">Nevada Governor Office of Economic Development</a>. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 24, 2026.</span> <span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://goed.nv.gov/wp-content/uploads/2026/10/Nevada-Data-Center-Tax-Abatement-2026-10.1.26.pdf\">Nevada Governor Office of Economic Development</a>. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 24, 2026.</span> <p class=\"layer-scope\">No actual facility withdrawal report or quantity is reviewed. Locator: Complete executive order review and bounded agency and statutory review boundary.</p></dd><dt>Reported consumption</dt><dd><span class=\"layer-empty\">Not established</span><span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://www.gov.nv.gov/executive-actions/executive-orders/2026-executive-orders/eo-2026-005\">Nevada Governor</a>. Source: September 17, 2026. Checked: October 24, 2026.</span> <span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://www.leg.state.nv.us/Division/Legal/LawLibrary/nrs/NRS-360.html\">Nevada Legislature</a>. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 24, 2026.</span> <span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://goed.nv.gov/incentives/\">Nevada Governor Office of Economic Development</a>. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 24, 2026.</span> <span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://goed.nv.gov/wp-content/uploads/2026/10/Nevada-Data-Center-Tax-Abatement-2026-10.1.26.pdf\">Nevada Governor Office of Economic Development</a>. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 24, 2026.</span> <p class=\"layer-scope\">No actual facility consumption report or quantity is reviewed. Locator: Complete executive order review and bounded agency and statutory review boundary.</p></dd><dt>Actual public report</dt><dd><span class=\"layer-empty\">Not established</span><span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://www.gov.nv.gov/executive-actions/executive-orders/2026-executive-orders/eo-2026-005\">Nevada Governor</a>. Source: September 17, 2026. Checked: October 24, 2026.</span> <span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://www.leg.state.nv.us/Division/Legal/LawLibrary/nrs/NRS-360.html\">Nevada Legislature</a>. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 24, 2026.</span> <span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://goed.nv.gov/incentives/\">Nevada Governor Office of Economic Development</a>. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 24, 2026.</span> <span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://goed.nv.gov/wp-content/uploads/2026/10/Nevada-Data-Center-Tax-Abatement-2026-10.1.26.pdf\">Nevada Governor Office of Economic Development</a>. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 24, 2026.</span> <p class=\"layer-scope\">No actual aggregate or individual public water report is reviewed. Locator: Complete executive order review and bounded agency and statutory review boundary.</p></dd><dt>Actual commitment form</dt><dd><span class=\"layer-empty\">Not established</span><span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://www.gov.nv.gov/executive-actions/executive-orders/2026-executive-orders/eo-2026-005\">Nevada Governor</a>. Source: September 17, 2026. Checked: October 24, 2026.</span> <span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://www.leg.state.nv.us/Division/Legal/LawLibrary/nrs/NRS-360.html\">Nevada Legislature</a>. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 24, 2026.</span> <span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://goed.nv.gov/incentives/\">Nevada Governor Office of Economic Development</a>. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 24, 2026.</span> <span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://goed.nv.gov/wp-content/uploads/2026/10/Nevada-Data-Center-Tax-Abatement-2026-10.1.26.pdf\">Nevada Governor Office of Economic Development</a>. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 24, 2026.</span> <p class=\"layer-scope\">No issued standard commitment form is reviewed. Locator: Complete executive order review and bounded agency and statutory review boundary.</p></dd><dt>Individual compliance</dt><dd><span class=\"layer-empty\">Not established</span><span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://www.gov.nv.gov/executive-actions/executive-orders/2026-executive-orders/eo-2026-005\">Nevada Governor</a>. Source: September 17, 2026. Checked: October 24, 2026.</span> <span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://www.leg.state.nv.us/Division/Legal/LawLibrary/nrs/NRS-360.html\">Nevada Legislature</a>. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 24, 2026.</span> <span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://goed.nv.gov/incentives/\">Nevada Governor Office of Economic Development</a>. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 24, 2026.</span> <span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://goed.nv.gov/wp-content/uploads/2026/10/Nevada-Data-Center-Tax-Abatement-2026-10.1.26.pdf\">Nevada Governor Office of Economic Development</a>. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 24, 2026.</span> <p class=\"layer-scope\">No individual water finding, compliance decision, violation or enforcement action is reviewed. Locator: Complete executive order review and bounded agency and statutory review boundary.</p></dd><dt>Individual application outcomes</dt><dd><span class=\"layer-empty\">Not established</span><span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://www.gov.nv.gov/executive-actions/executive-orders/2026-executive-orders/eo-2026-005\">Nevada Governor</a>. Source: September 17, 2026. Checked: October 24, 2026.</span> <span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://www.leg.state.nv.us/Division/Legal/LawLibrary/nrs/NRS-360.html\">Nevada Legislature</a>. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 24, 2026.</span> <span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://goed.nv.gov/incentives/\">Nevada Governor Office of Economic Development</a>. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 24, 2026.</span> <span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://goed.nv.gov/wp-content/uploads/2026/10/Nevada-Data-Center-Tax-Abatement-2026-10.1.26.pdf\">Nevada Governor Office of Economic Development</a>. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 24, 2026.</span> <p class=\"layer-scope\">No actual individual abatement approval, denial or signed agreement is reviewed. Locator: Complete executive order review and bounded agency and statutory review boundary.</p></dd><dt>Actual tax benefit</dt><dd><span class=\"layer-empty\">Not established</span><span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://www.gov.nv.gov/executive-actions/executive-orders/2026-executive-orders/eo-2026-005\">Nevada Governor</a>. Source: September 17, 2026. Checked: October 24, 2026.</span> <span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://www.leg.state.nv.us/Division/Legal/LawLibrary/nrs/NRS-360.html\">Nevada Legislature</a>. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 24, 2026.</span> <span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://goed.nv.gov/incentives/\">Nevada Governor Office of Economic Development</a>. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 24, 2026.</span> <span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://goed.nv.gov/wp-content/uploads/2026/10/Nevada-Data-Center-Tax-Abatement-2026-10.1.26.pdf\">Nevada Governor Office of Economic Development</a>. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 24, 2026.</span> <p class=\"layer-scope\">No realized tax benefit, payment, recovery or customer saving is established. Locator: Complete executive order review and bounded agency and statutory review boundary.</p></dd><dt>Actual load</dt><dd><span class=\"layer-empty\">Not established</span><span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://www.gov.nv.gov/executive-actions/executive-orders/2026-executive-orders/eo-2026-005\">Nevada Governor</a>. Source: September 17, 2026. Checked: October 24, 2026.</span> <span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://www.leg.state.nv.us/Division/Legal/LawLibrary/nrs/NRS-360.html\">Nevada Legislature</a>. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 24, 2026.</span> <span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://goed.nv.gov/incentives/\">Nevada Governor Office of Economic Development</a>. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 24, 2026.</span> <span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://goed.nv.gov/wp-content/uploads/2026/10/Nevada-Data-Center-Tax-Abatement-2026-10.1.26.pdf\">Nevada Governor Office of Economic Development</a>. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 24, 2026.</span> <p class=\"layer-scope\">No actual electric load or service outcome is established. Locator: Complete executive order review and bounded agency and statutory review boundary.</p></dd><dt>Reporting period</dt><dd><span class=\"layer-empty\">Not established</span><span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://www.gov.nv.gov/executive-actions/executive-orders/2026-executive-orders/eo-2026-005\">Nevada Governor</a>. Source: September 17, 2026. Checked: October 24, 2026.</span> <span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://www.leg.state.nv.us/Division/Legal/LawLibrary/nrs/NRS-360.html\">Nevada Legislature</a>. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 24, 2026.</span> <span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://goed.nv.gov/incentives/\">Nevada Governor Office of Economic Development</a>. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 24, 2026.</span> <span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://goed.nv.gov/wp-content/uploads/2026/10/Nevada-Data-Center-Tax-Abatement-2026-10.1.26.pdf\">Nevada Governor Office of Economic Development</a>. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 24, 2026.</span> <p class=\"layer-scope\">No actual submitted water reporting period is reviewed. Locator: Complete executive order review and bounded agency and statutory review boundary.</p></dd><dt>Atlas record id</dt><dd><span class=\"layer-empty\">Not established</span><span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://www.gov.nv.gov/executive-actions/executive-orders/2026-executive-orders/eo-2026-005\">Nevada Governor</a>. Source: September 17, 2026. Checked: October 24, 2026.</span> <span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://www.leg.state.nv.us/Division/Legal/LawLibrary/nrs/NRS-360.html\">Nevada Legislature</a>. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 24, 2026.</span> <span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://goed.nv.gov/incentives/\">Nevada Governor Office of Economic Development</a>. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 24, 2026.</span> <span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://goed.nv.gov/wp-content/uploads/2026/10/Nevada-Data-Center-Tax-Abatement-2026-10.1.26.pdf\">Nevada Governor Office of Economic Development</a>. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 24, 2026.</span> <p class=\"layer-scope\">No independently verified Atlas facility or campus identity join is made. Locator: Complete executive order review and bounded agency and statutory review boundary.</p></dd></dl></article>"},{"id":"water-thermoelectric-nv-2015","html":"<article><h3>Nevada historical thermoelectric water context</h3><p class=\"layer-scope\">Historical2015 state thermoelectric power estimates, including fresh and saline water. Not current2026 conditions, data center facility use, drinking water demand, permit allocation or proof of a data center effect. Withdrawal, total water use including deliveries and reclaimed wastewater, and consumptive use are distinct. Consumption may exceed withdrawal because other supplied water is included. Independent rounding is retained; no facility joins or per kWh allocation.</p><dl class=\"layer-fields\"><dt>Historical thermo withdrawal</dt><dd>79.70 million gallons per day<span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1441/circ1441.pdf\">U.S. Geological Survey</a>. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 26, 2026.</span> <p class=\"layer-scope\">Historical2015 state thermoelectric power estimates, including fresh and saline water. Not current2026 conditions, data center facility use, drinking water demand, permit allocation or proof of a data center effect. Withdrawal, total water use including deliveries and reclaimed wastewater, and consumptive use are distinct. Consumption may exceed withdrawal because other supplied water is included. Independent rounding is retained; no facility joins or per kWh allocation. Locator: Table12,printed43,physical51; Nevada row.</p></dd><dt>Historical thermo total use</dt><dd>80.70 million gallons per day<span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1441/circ1441.pdf\">U.S. Geological Survey</a>. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 26, 2026.</span> <p class=\"layer-scope\">Historical2015 state thermoelectric power estimates, including fresh and saline water. Not current2026 conditions, data center facility use, drinking water demand, permit allocation or proof of a data center effect. Withdrawal, total water use including deliveries and reclaimed wastewater, and consumptive use are distinct. Consumption may exceed withdrawal because other supplied water is included. Independent rounding is retained; no facility joins or per kWh allocation. Locator: Table12,printed43,physical51; Nevada row.</p></dd><dt>Historical thermo consumptive use</dt><dd>32.10 million gallons per day<span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1441/circ1441.pdf\">U.S. Geological Survey</a>. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 26, 2026.</span> <p class=\"layer-scope\">Historical2015 state thermoelectric power estimates, including fresh and saline water. Not current2026 conditions, data center facility use, drinking water demand, permit allocation or proof of a data center effect. Withdrawal, total water use including deliveries and reclaimed wastewater, and consumptive use are distinct. Consumption may exceed withdrawal because other supplied water is included. Independent rounding is retained; no facility joins or per kWh allocation. Locator: Table12,printed43,physical51; Nevada row.</p></dd><dt>Status</dt><dd>historical<span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1441/circ1441.pdf\">U.S. Geological Survey</a>. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 26, 2026.</span> <p class=\"layer-scope\">Historical2015 state thermoelectric power estimates, including fresh and saline water. Not current2026 conditions, data center facility use, drinking water demand, permit allocation or proof of a data center effect. Withdrawal, total water use including deliveries and reclaimed wastewater, and consumptive use are distinct. Consumption may exceed withdrawal because other supplied water is included. Independent rounding is retained; no facility joins or per kWh allocation. Locator: Table12 header and notes; thermoelectric section printed42.</p></dd><dt>Report period</dt><dd>2015<span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1441/circ1441.pdf\">U.S. Geological Survey</a>. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 26, 2026.</span> <p class=\"layer-scope\">Historical2015 state thermoelectric power estimates, including fresh and saline water. Not current2026 conditions, data center facility use, drinking water demand, permit allocation or proof of a data center effect. Withdrawal, total water use including deliveries and reclaimed wastewater, and consumptive use are distinct. Consumption may exceed withdrawal because other supplied water is included. Independent rounding is retained; no facility joins or per kWh allocation. Locator: Table12 header and notes; thermoelectric section printed42.</p></dd><dt>Historical thermo boundary</dt><dd>Historical2015 state thermoelectric power estimates, including fresh and saline water. Not current2026 conditions, data center facility use, drinking water demand, permit allocation or proof of a data center effect. Withdrawal, total water use including deliveries and reclaimed wastewater, and consumptive use are distinct. Consumption may exceed withdrawal because other supplied water is included. Independent rounding is retained; no facility joins or per kWh allocation.<span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1441/circ1441.pdf\">U.S. Geological Survey</a>. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 26, 2026.</span> <p class=\"layer-scope\">Historical2015 state thermoelectric power estimates, including fresh and saline water. Not current2026 conditions, data center facility use, drinking water demand, permit allocation or proof of a data center effect. Withdrawal, total water use including deliveries and reclaimed wastewater, and consumptive use are distinct. Consumption may exceed withdrawal because other supplied water is included. Independent rounding is retained; no facility joins or per kWh allocation. Locator: Table12 header and notes; thermoelectric section printed42.</p></dd><dt>Once through withdrawal</dt><dd>0.00 million gallons per day<span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1441/circ1441.pdf\">U.S. Geological Survey</a>. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 26, 2026.</span> <p class=\"layer-scope\">Historical2015 thermoelectric power cooling categories: once through and recirculating. These are power plant cooling estimates, not data center cooling technology or current facility use. Withdrawal, total water use including supplied and reclaimed water, and consumptive use remain distinct. Published zero differs from not estimated. Independently rounded cooling totals are not forced to equal Table12 totals; no facility or per kWh allocation. Locator: Table13A,physical56,printed48; Nevada row.</p></dd><dt>Once through total water use</dt><dd>0.00 million gallons per day<span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1441/circ1441.pdf\">U.S. Geological Survey</a>. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 26, 2026.</span> <p class=\"layer-scope\">Historical2015 thermoelectric power cooling categories: once through and recirculating. These are power plant cooling estimates, not data center cooling technology or current facility use. Withdrawal, total water use including supplied and reclaimed water, and consumptive use remain distinct. Published zero differs from not estimated. Independently rounded cooling totals are not forced to equal Table12 totals; no facility or per kWh allocation. Locator: Table13A,physical56,printed48; Nevada row.</p></dd><dt>Once through consumptive use</dt><dd>0.00 million gallons per day<span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1441/circ1441.pdf\">U.S. Geological Survey</a>. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 26, 2026.</span> <p class=\"layer-scope\">Historical2015 thermoelectric power cooling categories: once through and recirculating. These are power plant cooling estimates, not data center cooling technology or current facility use. Withdrawal, total water use including supplied and reclaimed water, and consumptive use remain distinct. Published zero differs from not estimated. Independently rounded cooling totals are not forced to equal Table12 totals; no facility or per kWh allocation. Locator: Table13A,physical56,printed48; Nevada row.</p></dd><dt>Recirculating withdrawal</dt><dd>79.70 million gallons per day<span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1441/circ1441.pdf\">U.S. Geological Survey</a>. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 26, 2026.</span> <p class=\"layer-scope\">Historical2015 thermoelectric power cooling categories: once through and recirculating. These are power plant cooling estimates, not data center cooling technology or current facility use. Withdrawal, total water use including supplied and reclaimed water, and consumptive use remain distinct. Published zero differs from not estimated. Independently rounded cooling totals are not forced to equal Table12 totals; no facility or per kWh allocation. Locator: Table13B,physical57,printed49; Nevada row.</p></dd><dt>Recirculating total water use</dt><dd>80.70 million gallons per day<span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1441/circ1441.pdf\">U.S. Geological Survey</a>. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 26, 2026.</span> <p class=\"layer-scope\">Historical2015 thermoelectric power cooling categories: once through and recirculating. These are power plant cooling estimates, not data center cooling technology or current facility use. Withdrawal, total water use including supplied and reclaimed water, and consumptive use remain distinct. Published zero differs from not estimated. Independently rounded cooling totals are not forced to equal Table12 totals; no facility or per kWh allocation. Locator: Table13B,physical57,printed49; Nevada row.</p></dd><dt>Recirculating consumptive use</dt><dd>32.10 million gallons per day<span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1441/circ1441.pdf\">U.S. Geological Survey</a>. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 26, 2026.</span> <p class=\"layer-scope\">Historical2015 thermoelectric power cooling categories: once through and recirculating. These are power plant cooling estimates, not data center cooling technology or current facility use. Withdrawal, total water use including supplied and reclaimed water, and consumptive use remain distinct. Published zero differs from not estimated. Independently rounded cooling totals are not forced to equal Table12 totals; no facility or per kWh allocation. Locator: Table13B,physical57,printed49; Nevada row.</p></dd><dt>Cooling category boundary</dt><dd>Historical2015 thermoelectric power cooling categories: once through and recirculating. These are power plant cooling estimates, not data center cooling technology or current facility use. Withdrawal, total water use including supplied and reclaimed water, and consumptive use remain distinct. Published zero differs from not estimated. Independently rounded cooling totals are not forced to equal Table12 totals; no facility or per kWh allocation.<span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1441/circ1441.pdf\">U.S. Geological Survey</a>. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 26, 2026.</span> <p class=\"layer-scope\">Historical2015 thermoelectric power cooling categories: once through and recirculating. These are power plant cooling estimates, not data center cooling technology or current facility use. Withdrawal, total water use including supplied and reclaimed water, and consumptive use remain distinct. Published zero differs from not estimated. Independently rounded cooling totals are not forced to equal Table12 totals; no facility or per kWh allocation. Locator: Tables13A and13B headers and notes.</p></dd><dt>Historical thermo fresh withdrawal</dt><dd>8.73 million gallons per day<span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1441/circ1441.pdf\">U.S. Geological Survey</a>. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 26, 2026.</span> <p class=\"layer-scope\">Historical 2015 thermoelectric power water quality categories, fresh and saline. These are not potable water classifications, current data center use or municipal drinking water allocations. Withdrawal differs from consumptive use; supplied and reclaimed water contributions retain their separate definitions. Independently rounded fresh and saline values are not forced to equal the published total. No facility or per kWh attribution. Locator: Table12,physical51,printed43; Nevada row.</p></dd><dt>Historical thermo saline withdrawal</dt><dd>70.90 million gallons per day<span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1441/circ1441.pdf\">U.S. Geological Survey</a>. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 26, 2026.</span> <p class=\"layer-scope\">Historical 2015 thermoelectric power water quality categories, fresh and saline. These are not potable water classifications, current data center use or municipal drinking water allocations. Withdrawal differs from consumptive use; supplied and reclaimed water contributions retain their separate definitions. Independently rounded fresh and saline values are not forced to equal the published total. No facility or per kWh attribution. Locator: Table12,physical51,printed43; Nevada row.</p></dd><dt>Historical thermo fresh consumptive use</dt><dd>4.63 million gallons per day<span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1441/circ1441.pdf\">U.S. Geological Survey</a>. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 26, 2026.</span> <p class=\"layer-scope\">Historical 2015 thermoelectric power water quality categories, fresh and saline. These are not potable water classifications, current data center use or municipal drinking water allocations. Withdrawal differs from consumptive use; supplied and reclaimed water contributions retain their separate definitions. Independently rounded fresh and saline values are not forced to equal the published total. No facility or per kWh attribution. Locator: Table12,physical51,printed43; Nevada row.</p></dd><dt>Historical thermo saline consumptive use</dt><dd>27.50 million gallons per day<span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1441/circ1441.pdf\">U.S. Geological Survey</a>. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 26, 2026.</span> <p class=\"layer-scope\">Historical 2015 thermoelectric power water quality categories, fresh and saline. These are not potable water classifications, current data center use or municipal drinking water allocations. Withdrawal differs from consumptive use; supplied and reclaimed water contributions retain their separate definitions. Independently rounded fresh and saline values are not forced to equal the published total. No facility or per kWh attribution. Locator: Table12,physical51,printed43; Nevada row.</p></dd><dt>Historical water quality boundary</dt><dd>Historical 2015 thermoelectric power water quality categories, fresh and saline. These are not potable water classifications, current data center use or municipal drinking water allocations. Withdrawal differs from consumptive use; supplied and reclaimed water contributions retain their separate definitions. Independently rounded fresh and saline values are not forced to equal the published total. No facility or per kWh attribution.<span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1441/circ1441.pdf\">U.S. Geological Survey</a>. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 26, 2026.</span> <p class=\"layer-scope\">Historical 2015 thermoelectric power water quality categories, fresh and saline. These are not potable water classifications, current data center use or municipal drinking water allocations. Withdrawal differs from consumptive use; supplied and reclaimed water contributions retain their separate definitions. Independently rounded fresh and saline values are not forced to equal the published total. No facility or per kWh attribution. Locator: Table12 headers and notes.</p></dd><dt>Historical thermo ground fresh withdrawal</dt><dd>7.04 million gallons per day<span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1441/circ1441.pdf\">U.S. Geological Survey</a>. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 26, 2026.</span> <p class=\"layer-scope\">Historical 2015 thermoelectric power withdrawals by groundwater and surface water, each separated into fresh and saline. These are state power generation estimates, not current data center water demand, aquifer stress, potable supply, permits or facility allocations. Withdrawal is not consumption. Independently rounded components are not forced to equal published totals; no facility or per kWh attribution. Locator: Table12,physical51,printed43; Nevada row.</p></dd><dt>Historical thermo ground saline withdrawal</dt><dd>70.90 million gallons per day<span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1441/circ1441.pdf\">U.S. Geological Survey</a>. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 26, 2026.</span> <p class=\"layer-scope\">Historical 2015 thermoelectric power withdrawals by groundwater and surface water, each separated into fresh and saline. These are state power generation estimates, not current data center water demand, aquifer stress, potable supply, permits or facility allocations. Withdrawal is not consumption. Independently rounded components are not forced to equal published totals; no facility or per kWh attribution. Locator: Table12,physical51,printed43; Nevada row.</p></dd><dt>Historical thermo surface fresh withdrawal</dt><dd>1.69 million gallons per day<span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1441/circ1441.pdf\">U.S. Geological Survey</a>. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 26, 2026.</span> <p class=\"layer-scope\">Historical 2015 thermoelectric power withdrawals by groundwater and surface water, each separated into fresh and saline. These are state power generation estimates, not current data center water demand, aquifer stress, potable supply, permits or facility allocations. Withdrawal is not consumption. Independently rounded components are not forced to equal published totals; no facility or per kWh attribution. Locator: Table12,physical51,printed43; Nevada row.</p></dd><dt>Historical thermo surface saline withdrawal</dt><dd>0.00 million gallons per day<span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1441/circ1441.pdf\">U.S. Geological Survey</a>. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 26, 2026.</span> <p class=\"layer-scope\">Historical 2015 thermoelectric power withdrawals by groundwater and surface water, each separated into fresh and saline. These are state power generation estimates, not current data center water demand, aquifer stress, potable supply, permits or facility allocations. Withdrawal is not consumption. Independently rounded components are not forced to equal published totals; no facility or per kWh attribution. Locator: Table12,physical51,printed43; Nevada row.</p></dd><dt>Historical water origin boundary</dt><dd>Historical 2015 thermoelectric power withdrawals by groundwater and surface water, each separated into fresh and saline. These are state power generation estimates, not current data center water demand, aquifer stress, potable supply, permits or facility allocations. Withdrawal is not consumption. Independently rounded components are not forced to equal published totals; no facility or per kWh attribution.<span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1441/circ1441.pdf\">U.S. Geological Survey</a>. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 26, 2026.</span> <p class=\"layer-scope\">Historical 2015 thermoelectric power withdrawals by groundwater and surface water, each separated into fresh and saline. These are state power generation estimates, not current data center water demand, aquifer stress, potable supply, permits or facility allocations. Withdrawal is not consumption. Independently rounded components are not forced to equal published totals; no facility or per kWh attribution. Locator: Table12 groundwater and surface water headers and notes.</p></dd><dt>Historical thermo reclaimed water</dt><dd>0.56 million gallons per day<span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1441/circ1441.pdf\">U.S. Geological Survey</a>. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 26, 2026.</span> <p class=\"layer-scope\">Historical 2015 thermoelectric power reclaimed wastewater and freshwater public supply deliveries, in million gallons per day. These inputs differ from direct withdrawals and consumptive use. A source dash means not estimated, not zero or no use; published zeros remain zero. No current data center use, potable quality certification, local supply allocation, permit, facility or per kWh inference. Independently rounded values are not forced to balance. Locator: Table12,physical51,printed43; Nevada row.</p></dd><dt>Historical thermo public supply deliveries</dt><dd>0.49 million gallons per day<span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1441/circ1441.pdf\">U.S. Geological Survey</a>. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 26, 2026.</span> <p class=\"layer-scope\">Historical 2015 thermoelectric power reclaimed wastewater and freshwater public supply deliveries, in million gallons per day. These inputs differ from direct withdrawals and consumptive use. A source dash means not estimated, not zero or no use; published zeros remain zero. No current data center use, potable quality certification, local supply allocation, permit, facility or per kWh inference. Independently rounded values are not forced to balance. Locator: Table12,physical51,printed43; Nevada row.</p></dd><dt>Historical water delivery boundary</dt><dd>Historical 2015 thermoelectric power reclaimed wastewater and freshwater public supply deliveries, in million gallons per day. These inputs differ from direct withdrawals and consumptive use. A source dash means not estimated, not zero or no use; published zeros remain zero. No current data center use, potable quality certification, local supply allocation, permit, facility or per kWh inference. Independently rounded values are not forced to balance.<span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1441/circ1441.pdf\">U.S. Geological Survey</a>. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 26, 2026.</span> <p class=\"layer-scope\">Historical 2015 thermoelectric power reclaimed wastewater and freshwater public supply deliveries, in million gallons per day. These inputs differ from direct withdrawals and consumptive use. A source dash means not estimated, not zero or no use; published zeros remain zero. No current data center use, potable quality certification, local supply allocation, permit, facility or per kWh inference. Independently rounded values are not forced to balance. Locator: Table12 reclaimed wastewater/public supply headers and dash definition.</p></dd><dt>Historical thermo net generation</dt><dd>11400.00 GWh<span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1441/circ1441.pdf\">U.S. Geological Survey</a>. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 26, 2026.</span> <p class=\"layer-scope\">Historical 2015 net thermoelectric power generated in gigawatt hours, from the same USGS state table as water estimates. Net generation is energy, not installed capacity, peak load, gross generation, electricity sales or data center electricity use. No current-year, facility, water intensity or per kWh allocation inferred; independently rounded source values retained. Locator: Table12,physical51,printed43; Nevada row.</p></dd><dt>Historical generation boundary</dt><dd>Historical 2015 net thermoelectric power generated in gigawatt hours, from the same USGS state table as water estimates. Net generation is energy, not installed capacity, peak load, gross generation, electricity sales or data center electricity use. No current-year, facility, water intensity or per kWh allocation inferred; independently rounded source values retained.<span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1441/circ1441.pdf\">U.S. Geological Survey</a>. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 26, 2026.</span> <p class=\"layer-scope\">Historical 2015 net thermoelectric power generated in gigawatt hours, from the same USGS state table as water estimates. Net generation is energy, not installed capacity, peak load, gross generation, electricity sales or data center electricity use. No current-year, facility, water intensity or per kWh allocation inferred; independently rounded source values retained. Locator: Table12 net power generated header, gigawatt hours.</p></dd></dl></article>"},{"id":"water-thermoelectric-model-2020-nv","html":"<article><h3>Nevada historical2020 modeled thermoelectric water context</h3><p class=\"layer-scope\">USGS2008-2020 thermoelectric water-use reanalysis,published annual output filtered to2020:modeled annual-mean million gallons/day,not observed current2026 water use.958plant-year rows cover48conterminous states,not a complete facility census or data center inventory. Withdrawals include fresh/saline rows;consumption at coastal saline plants was not modeled.54Once-through saline source zero-consumption placeholders are excluded from consumption sums,not measured zero. State best/lower/upper figures are calculated sums of source plant model estimates and thermodynamic plausibility limits,not statewide statistical confidence intervals. Do not compare directly with2015county compilation as a measured trend;methods differ. HUC12 IDs and county labels do not certify parcels;README says public model-input coordinates use interpolated HUC12 centroids,not precise plant locations. No source coordinates adopted,site joins,permit/sustainable availability/datacenter allocation or causal inference.</p><dl class=\"layer-fields\"><dt>Status</dt><dd>historical<span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/file/get/63adc826d34e92aad3ca5af4?f=__disk__b7%2Fce%2Fee%2Fb7ceee404ebbc37e014be1ac9098088824e00443\">U.S. Geological Survey</a>. Source: October 31, 2023. Checked: October 27, 2026.</span> <span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/file/get/63adc826d34e92aad3ca5af4?f=__disk__da%2Fd9%2F78%2Fdad9784363a86225e69035d9b8c7ef7a8d99da02\">U.S. Geological Survey</a>. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 27, 2026.</span> <span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/item/63adc826d34e92aad3ca5af4?format=json\">U.S. Geological Survey</a>. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 27, 2026.</span> <p class=\"layer-scope\">USGS2008-2020 thermoelectric water-use reanalysis,published annual output filtered to2020:modeled annual-mean million gallons/day,not observed current2026 water use.958plant-year rows cover48conterminous states,not a complete facility census or data center inventory. Withdrawals include fresh/saline rows;consumption at coastal saline plants was not modeled.54Once-through saline source zero-consumption placeholders are excluded from consumption sums,not measured zero. State best/lower/upper figures are calculated sums of source plant model estimates and thermodynamic plausibility limits,not statewide statistical confidence intervals. Do not compare directly with2015county compilation as a measured trend;methods differ. HUC12 IDs and county labels do not certify parcels;README says public model-input coordinates use interpolated HUC12 centroids,not precise plant locations. No source coordinates adopted,site joins,permit/sustainable availability/datacenter allocation or causal inference. Locator: Annual output YEAR2020 and model provenance.</p></dd><dt>Thermo2020 period</dt><dd>2020<span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/file/get/63adc826d34e92aad3ca5af4?f=__disk__b7%2Fce%2Fee%2Fb7ceee404ebbc37e014be1ac9098088824e00443\">U.S. Geological Survey</a>. Source: October 31, 2023. Checked: October 27, 2026.</span> <span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/file/get/63adc826d34e92aad3ca5af4?f=__disk__da%2Fd9%2F78%2Fdad9784363a86225e69035d9b8c7ef7a8d99da02\">U.S. Geological Survey</a>. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 27, 2026.</span> <span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/item/63adc826d34e92aad3ca5af4?format=json\">U.S. Geological Survey</a>. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 27, 2026.</span> <p class=\"layer-scope\">USGS2008-2020 thermoelectric water-use reanalysis,published annual output filtered to2020:modeled annual-mean million gallons/day,not observed current2026 water use.958plant-year rows cover48conterminous states,not a complete facility census or data center inventory. Withdrawals include fresh/saline rows;consumption at coastal saline plants was not modeled.54Once-through saline source zero-consumption placeholders are excluded from consumption sums,not measured zero. State best/lower/upper figures are calculated sums of source plant model estimates and thermodynamic plausibility limits,not statewide statistical confidence intervals. Do not compare directly with2015county compilation as a measured trend;methods differ. HUC12 IDs and county labels do not certify parcels;README says public model-input coordinates use interpolated HUC12 centroids,not precise plant locations. No source coordinates adopted,site joins,permit/sustainable availability/datacenter allocation or causal inference. Locator: Annual CSV YEAR column.</p></dd><dt>Thermo2020 basis</dt><dd>USGS2008-2020 thermoelectric water-use reanalysis,published annual output filtered to2020:modeled annual-mean million gallons/day,not observed current2026 water use.958plant-year rows cover48conterminous states,not a complete facility census or data center inventory. Withdrawals include fresh/saline rows;consumption at coastal saline plants was not modeled.54Once-through saline source zero-consumption placeholders are excluded from consumption sums,not measured zero. State best/lower/upper figures are calculated sums of source plant model estimates and thermodynamic plausibility limits,not statewide statistical confidence intervals. Do not compare directly with2015county compilation as a measured trend;methods differ. HUC12 IDs and county labels do not certify parcels;README says public model-input coordinates use interpolated HUC12 centroids,not precise plant locations. No source coordinates adopted,site joins,permit/sustainable availability/datacenter allocation or causal inference.<span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/file/get/63adc826d34e92aad3ca5af4?f=__disk__b7%2Fce%2Fee%2Fb7ceee404ebbc37e014be1ac9098088824e00443\">U.S. Geological Survey</a>. Source: October 31, 2023. Checked: October 27, 2026.</span> <span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/file/get/63adc826d34e92aad3ca5af4?f=__disk__da%2Fd9%2F78%2Fdad9784363a86225e69035d9b8c7ef7a8d99da02\">U.S. Geological Survey</a>. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 27, 2026.</span> <span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/item/63adc826d34e92aad3ca5af4?format=json\">U.S. Geological Survey</a>. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 27, 2026.</span> <p class=\"layer-scope\">USGS2008-2020 thermoelectric water-use reanalysis,published annual output filtered to2020:modeled annual-mean million gallons/day,not observed current2026 water use.958plant-year rows cover48conterminous states,not a complete facility census or data center inventory. Withdrawals include fresh/saline rows;consumption at coastal saline plants was not modeled.54Once-through saline source zero-consumption placeholders are excluded from consumption sums,not measured zero. State best/lower/upper figures are calculated sums of source plant model estimates and thermodynamic plausibility limits,not statewide statistical confidence intervals. Do not compare directly with2015county compilation as a measured trend;methods differ. HUC12 IDs and county labels do not certify parcels;README says public model-input coordinates use interpolated HUC12 centroids,not precise plant locations. No source coordinates adopted,site joins,permit/sustainable availability/datacenter allocation or causal inference. Locator: Published annual CSV/attribute definitions/catalog model limitations.</p></dd><dt>Thermo2020 model rows</dt><dd>9 plant-year rows<span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/file/get/63adc826d34e92aad3ca5af4?f=__disk__b7%2Fce%2Fee%2Fb7ceee404ebbc37e014be1ac9098088824e00443\">U.S. Geological Survey</a>. Source: October 31, 2023. Checked: October 27, 2026.</span> <span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/file/get/63adc826d34e92aad3ca5af4?f=__disk__da%2Fd9%2F78%2Fdad9784363a86225e69035d9b8c7ef7a8d99da02\">U.S. Geological Survey</a>. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 27, 2026.</span> <span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/item/63adc826d34e92aad3ca5af4?format=json\">U.S. Geological Survey</a>. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 27, 2026.</span> <p class=\"layer-scope\">USGS2008-2020 thermoelectric water-use reanalysis,published annual output filtered to2020:modeled annual-mean million gallons/day,not observed current2026 water use.958plant-year rows cover48conterminous states,not a complete facility census or data center inventory. Withdrawals include fresh/saline rows;consumption at coastal saline plants was not modeled.54Once-through saline source zero-consumption placeholders are excluded from consumption sums,not measured zero. State best/lower/upper figures are calculated sums of source plant model estimates and thermodynamic plausibility limits,not statewide statistical confidence intervals. Do not compare directly with2015county compilation as a measured trend;methods differ. HUC12 IDs and county labels do not certify parcels;README says public model-input coordinates use interpolated HUC12 centroids,not precise plant locations. No source coordinates adopted,site joins,permit/sustainable availability/datacenter allocation or causal inference. Locator: Calculated from2020 NV rows; source estimate/plausibility fields retained,not a statistical state interval.</p></dd><dt>Thermo2020 consumption modeled rows</dt><dd>9 plant-year rows<span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/file/get/63adc826d34e92aad3ca5af4?f=__disk__b7%2Fce%2Fee%2Fb7ceee404ebbc37e014be1ac9098088824e00443\">U.S. Geological Survey</a>. Source: October 31, 2023. Checked: October 27, 2026.</span> <span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/file/get/63adc826d34e92aad3ca5af4?f=__disk__da%2Fd9%2F78%2Fdad9784363a86225e69035d9b8c7ef7a8d99da02\">U.S. Geological Survey</a>. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 27, 2026.</span> <span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/item/63adc826d34e92aad3ca5af4?format=json\">U.S. Geological Survey</a>. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 27, 2026.</span> <p class=\"layer-scope\">USGS2008-2020 thermoelectric water-use reanalysis,published annual output filtered to2020:modeled annual-mean million gallons/day,not observed current2026 water use.958plant-year rows cover48conterminous states,not a complete facility census or data center inventory. Withdrawals include fresh/saline rows;consumption at coastal saline plants was not modeled.54Once-through saline source zero-consumption placeholders are excluded from consumption sums,not measured zero. State best/lower/upper figures are calculated sums of source plant model estimates and thermodynamic plausibility limits,not statewide statistical confidence intervals. Do not compare directly with2015county compilation as a measured trend;methods differ. HUC12 IDs and county labels do not certify parcels;README says public model-input coordinates use interpolated HUC12 centroids,not precise plant locations. No source coordinates adopted,site joins,permit/sustainable availability/datacenter allocation or causal inference. Locator: Calculated from2020 NV rows; source estimate/plausibility fields retained,not a statistical state interval.</p></dd><dt>Thermo2020 saline consumption unmodeled rows</dt><dd>0 plant-year rows<span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/file/get/63adc826d34e92aad3ca5af4?f=__disk__b7%2Fce%2Fee%2Fb7ceee404ebbc37e014be1ac9098088824e00443\">U.S. Geological Survey</a>. Source: October 31, 2023. Checked: October 27, 2026.</span> <span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/file/get/63adc826d34e92aad3ca5af4?f=__disk__da%2Fd9%2F78%2Fdad9784363a86225e69035d9b8c7ef7a8d99da02\">U.S. Geological Survey</a>. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 27, 2026.</span> <span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/item/63adc826d34e92aad3ca5af4?format=json\">U.S. Geological Survey</a>. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 27, 2026.</span> <p class=\"layer-scope\">USGS2008-2020 thermoelectric water-use reanalysis,published annual output filtered to2020:modeled annual-mean million gallons/day,not observed current2026 water use.958plant-year rows cover48conterminous states,not a complete facility census or data center inventory. Withdrawals include fresh/saline rows;consumption at coastal saline plants was not modeled.54Once-through saline source zero-consumption placeholders are excluded from consumption sums,not measured zero. State best/lower/upper figures are calculated sums of source plant model estimates and thermodynamic plausibility limits,not statewide statistical confidence intervals. Do not compare directly with2015county compilation as a measured trend;methods differ. HUC12 IDs and county labels do not certify parcels;README says public model-input coordinates use interpolated HUC12 centroids,not precise plant locations. No source coordinates adopted,site joins,permit/sustainable availability/datacenter allocation or causal inference. Locator: Calculated from2020 NV rows; source estimate/plausibility fields retained,not a statistical state interval.</p></dd><dt>Thermo2020 withdrawal sum</dt><dd>9.68 million gallons per day<span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/file/get/63adc826d34e92aad3ca5af4?f=__disk__b7%2Fce%2Fee%2Fb7ceee404ebbc37e014be1ac9098088824e00443\">U.S. Geological Survey</a>. Source: October 31, 2023. Checked: October 27, 2026.</span> <span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/file/get/63adc826d34e92aad3ca5af4?f=__disk__da%2Fd9%2F78%2Fdad9784363a86225e69035d9b8c7ef7a8d99da02\">U.S. Geological Survey</a>. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 27, 2026.</span> <span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/item/63adc826d34e92aad3ca5af4?format=json\">U.S. Geological Survey</a>. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 27, 2026.</span> <p class=\"layer-scope\">USGS2008-2020 thermoelectric water-use reanalysis,published annual output filtered to2020:modeled annual-mean million gallons/day,not observed current2026 water use.958plant-year rows cover48conterminous states,not a complete facility census or data center inventory. Withdrawals include fresh/saline rows;consumption at coastal saline plants was not modeled.54Once-through saline source zero-consumption placeholders are excluded from consumption sums,not measured zero. State best/lower/upper figures are calculated sums of source plant model estimates and thermodynamic plausibility limits,not statewide statistical confidence intervals. Do not compare directly with2015county compilation as a measured trend;methods differ. HUC12 IDs and county labels do not certify parcels;README says public model-input coordinates use interpolated HUC12 centroids,not precise plant locations. No source coordinates adopted,site joins,permit/sustainable availability/datacenter allocation or causal inference. Locator: Calculated from2020 NV rows; source estimate/plausibility fields retained,not a statistical state interval.</p></dd><dt>Thermo2020 withdrawal lower sum</dt><dd>6.74 million gallons per day<span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/file/get/63adc826d34e92aad3ca5af4?f=__disk__b7%2Fce%2Fee%2Fb7ceee404ebbc37e014be1ac9098088824e00443\">U.S. Geological Survey</a>. Source: October 31, 2023. Checked: October 27, 2026.</span> <span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/file/get/63adc826d34e92aad3ca5af4?f=__disk__da%2Fd9%2F78%2Fdad9784363a86225e69035d9b8c7ef7a8d99da02\">U.S. Geological Survey</a>. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 27, 2026.</span> <span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/item/63adc826d34e92aad3ca5af4?format=json\">U.S. Geological Survey</a>. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 27, 2026.</span> <p class=\"layer-scope\">USGS2008-2020 thermoelectric water-use reanalysis,published annual output filtered to2020:modeled annual-mean million gallons/day,not observed current2026 water use.958plant-year rows cover48conterminous states,not a complete facility census or data center inventory. Withdrawals include fresh/saline rows;consumption at coastal saline plants was not modeled.54Once-through saline source zero-consumption placeholders are excluded from consumption sums,not measured zero. State best/lower/upper figures are calculated sums of source plant model estimates and thermodynamic plausibility limits,not statewide statistical confidence intervals. Do not compare directly with2015county compilation as a measured trend;methods differ. HUC12 IDs and county labels do not certify parcels;README says public model-input coordinates use interpolated HUC12 centroids,not precise plant locations. No source coordinates adopted,site joins,permit/sustainable availability/datacenter allocation or causal inference. Locator: Calculated from2020 NV rows; source estimate/plausibility fields retained,not a statistical state interval.</p></dd><dt>Thermo2020 withdrawal upper sum</dt><dd>15.16 million gallons per day<span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/file/get/63adc826d34e92aad3ca5af4?f=__disk__b7%2Fce%2Fee%2Fb7ceee404ebbc37e014be1ac9098088824e00443\">U.S. Geological Survey</a>. Source: October 31, 2023. Checked: October 27, 2026.</span> <span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/file/get/63adc826d34e92aad3ca5af4?f=__disk__da%2Fd9%2F78%2Fdad9784363a86225e69035d9b8c7ef7a8d99da02\">U.S. Geological Survey</a>. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 27, 2026.</span> <span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/item/63adc826d34e92aad3ca5af4?format=json\">U.S. Geological Survey</a>. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 27, 2026.</span> <p class=\"layer-scope\">USGS2008-2020 thermoelectric water-use reanalysis,published annual output filtered to2020:modeled annual-mean million gallons/day,not observed current2026 water use.958plant-year rows cover48conterminous states,not a complete facility census or data center inventory. Withdrawals include fresh/saline rows;consumption at coastal saline plants was not modeled.54Once-through saline source zero-consumption placeholders are excluded from consumption sums,not measured zero. State best/lower/upper figures are calculated sums of source plant model estimates and thermodynamic plausibility limits,not statewide statistical confidence intervals. Do not compare directly with2015county compilation as a measured trend;methods differ. HUC12 IDs and county labels do not certify parcels;README says public model-input coordinates use interpolated HUC12 centroids,not precise plant locations. No source coordinates adopted,site joins,permit/sustainable availability/datacenter allocation or causal inference. Locator: Calculated from2020 NV rows; source estimate/plausibility fields retained,not a statistical state interval.</p></dd><dt>Thermo2020 consumption available sum</dt><dd>7.55 million gallons per day<span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/file/get/63adc826d34e92aad3ca5af4?f=__disk__b7%2Fce%2Fee%2Fb7ceee404ebbc37e014be1ac9098088824e00443\">U.S. Geological Survey</a>. Source: October 31, 2023. Checked: October 27, 2026.</span> <span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/file/get/63adc826d34e92aad3ca5af4?f=__disk__da%2Fd9%2F78%2Fdad9784363a86225e69035d9b8c7ef7a8d99da02\">U.S. Geological Survey</a>. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 27, 2026.</span> <span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/item/63adc826d34e92aad3ca5af4?format=json\">U.S. Geological Survey</a>. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 27, 2026.</span> <p class=\"layer-scope\">USGS2008-2020 thermoelectric water-use reanalysis,published annual output filtered to2020:modeled annual-mean million gallons/day,not observed current2026 water use.958plant-year rows cover48conterminous states,not a complete facility census or data center inventory. Withdrawals include fresh/saline rows;consumption at coastal saline plants was not modeled.54Once-through saline source zero-consumption placeholders are excluded from consumption sums,not measured zero. State best/lower/upper figures are calculated sums of source plant model estimates and thermodynamic plausibility limits,not statewide statistical confidence intervals. Do not compare directly with2015county compilation as a measured trend;methods differ. HUC12 IDs and county labels do not certify parcels;README says public model-input coordinates use interpolated HUC12 centroids,not precise plant locations. No source coordinates adopted,site joins,permit/sustainable availability/datacenter allocation or causal inference. Locator: Calculated from2020 NV rows; source estimate/plausibility fields retained,not a statistical state interval.</p></dd><dt>Thermo2020 consumption lower available sum</dt><dd>6.12 million gallons per day<span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/file/get/63adc826d34e92aad3ca5af4?f=__disk__b7%2Fce%2Fee%2Fb7ceee404ebbc37e014be1ac9098088824e00443\">U.S. Geological Survey</a>. Source: October 31, 2023. Checked: October 27, 2026.</span> <span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/file/get/63adc826d34e92aad3ca5af4?f=__disk__da%2Fd9%2F78%2Fdad9784363a86225e69035d9b8c7ef7a8d99da02\">U.S. Geological Survey</a>. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 27, 2026.</span> <span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/item/63adc826d34e92aad3ca5af4?format=json\">U.S. Geological Survey</a>. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 27, 2026.</span> <p class=\"layer-scope\">USGS2008-2020 thermoelectric water-use reanalysis,published annual output filtered to2020:modeled annual-mean million gallons/day,not observed current2026 water use.958plant-year rows cover48conterminous states,not a complete facility census or data center inventory. Withdrawals include fresh/saline rows;consumption at coastal saline plants was not modeled.54Once-through saline source zero-consumption placeholders are excluded from consumption sums,not measured zero. State best/lower/upper figures are calculated sums of source plant model estimates and thermodynamic plausibility limits,not statewide statistical confidence intervals. Do not compare directly with2015county compilation as a measured trend;methods differ. HUC12 IDs and county labels do not certify parcels;README says public model-input coordinates use interpolated HUC12 centroids,not precise plant locations. No source coordinates adopted,site joins,permit/sustainable availability/datacenter allocation or causal inference. Locator: Calculated from2020 NV rows; source estimate/plausibility fields retained,not a statistical state interval.</p></dd><dt>Thermo2020 consumption upper available sum</dt><dd>9.00 million gallons per day<span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/file/get/63adc826d34e92aad3ca5af4?f=__disk__b7%2Fce%2Fee%2Fb7ceee404ebbc37e014be1ac9098088824e00443\">U.S. Geological Survey</a>. Source: October 31, 2023. Checked: October 27, 2026.</span> <span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/file/get/63adc826d34e92aad3ca5af4?f=__disk__da%2Fd9%2F78%2Fdad9784363a86225e69035d9b8c7ef7a8d99da02\">U.S. Geological Survey</a>. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 27, 2026.</span> <span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/item/63adc826d34e92aad3ca5af4?format=json\">U.S. Geological Survey</a>. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 27, 2026.</span> <p class=\"layer-scope\">USGS2008-2020 thermoelectric water-use reanalysis,published annual output filtered to2020:modeled annual-mean million gallons/day,not observed current2026 water use.958plant-year rows cover48conterminous states,not a complete facility census or data center inventory. Withdrawals include fresh/saline rows;consumption at coastal saline plants was not modeled.54Once-through saline source zero-consumption placeholders are excluded from consumption sums,not measured zero. State best/lower/upper figures are calculated sums of source plant model estimates and thermodynamic plausibility limits,not statewide statistical confidence intervals. Do not compare directly with2015county compilation as a measured trend;methods differ. HUC12 IDs and county labels do not certify parcels;README says public model-input coordinates use interpolated HUC12 centroids,not precise plant locations. No source coordinates adopted,site joins,permit/sustainable availability/datacenter allocation or causal inference. Locator: Calculated from2020 NV rows; source estimate/plausibility fields retained,not a statistical state interval.</p></dd><dt>Thermo2020 cooling basis</dt><dd>Historical2020 USGS model-assigned cooling-system categories within the958 reviewed plant-year rows. Counts are model rows,not separate cooling systems or complete state facility counts. Complex means more than one cooling system type;do not distribute Complex rows among other categories. Once-through fresh and saline are literal source categories;do not classify all other categories as freshwater. Withdrawal sums are modeled annual-mean million gallons/day,not consumption,discharge,permits or available supply. A category with no selected rows has a calculated count and sum of zero within this dataset,not evidence of no statewide physical use. All five mutually exclusive model categories partition these rows;saline consumption remains unmodeled and is not inferred from withdrawals. No source coordinates,Native joins,facility or data center allocation.<span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/file/get/63adc826d34e92aad3ca5af4?f=__disk__b7%2Fce%2Fee%2Fb7ceee404ebbc37e014be1ac9098088824e00443\">U.S. Geological Survey</a>. Source: October 31, 2023. Checked: October 27, 2026.</span> <span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/file/get/63adc826d34e92aad3ca5af4?f=__disk__da%2Fd9%2F78%2Fdad9784363a86225e69035d9b8c7ef7a8d99da02\">U.S. Geological Survey</a>. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 27, 2026.</span> <span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/item/63adc826d34e92aad3ca5af4?format=json\">U.S. Geological Survey</a>. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 27, 2026.</span> <p class=\"layer-scope\">Historical2020 USGS model-assigned cooling-system categories within the958 reviewed plant-year rows. Counts are model rows,not separate cooling systems or complete state facility counts. Complex means more than one cooling system type;do not distribute Complex rows among other categories. Once-through fresh and saline are literal source categories;do not classify all other categories as freshwater. Withdrawal sums are modeled annual-mean million gallons/day,not consumption,discharge,permits or available supply. A category with no selected rows has a calculated count and sum of zero within this dataset,not evidence of no statewide physical use. All five mutually exclusive model categories partition these rows;saline consumption remains unmodeled and is not inferred from withdrawals. No source coordinates,Native joins,facility or data center allocation. Locator: Annual YEAR2020 CSV coolingType and metadata coolingType domain definitions.</p></dd><dt>Thermo2020 cooling tower rows</dt><dd>7 plant-year rows<span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/file/get/63adc826d34e92aad3ca5af4?f=__disk__b7%2Fce%2Fee%2Fb7ceee404ebbc37e014be1ac9098088824e00443\">U.S. Geological Survey</a>. Source: October 31, 2023. Checked: October 27, 2026.</span> <span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/file/get/63adc826d34e92aad3ca5af4?f=__disk__da%2Fd9%2F78%2Fdad9784363a86225e69035d9b8c7ef7a8d99da02\">U.S. Geological Survey</a>. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 27, 2026.</span> <span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/item/63adc826d34e92aad3ca5af4?format=json\">U.S. Geological Survey</a>. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 27, 2026.</span> <p class=\"layer-scope\">Historical2020 USGS model-assigned cooling-system categories within the958 reviewed plant-year rows. Counts are model rows,not separate cooling systems or complete state facility counts. Complex means more than one cooling system type;do not distribute Complex rows among other categories. Once-through fresh and saline are literal source categories;do not classify all other categories as freshwater. Withdrawal sums are modeled annual-mean million gallons/day,not consumption,discharge,permits or available supply. A category with no selected rows has a calculated count and sum of zero within this dataset,not evidence of no statewide physical use. All five mutually exclusive model categories partition these rows;saline consumption remains unmodeled and is not inferred from withdrawals. No source coordinates,Native joins,facility or data center allocation. Locator: Calculated count of NV YEAR2020 rows with exact coolingType=Recirculating Tower.</p></dd><dt>Thermo2020 cooling tower withdrawal</dt><dd>7.31 million gallons per day<span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/file/get/63adc826d34e92aad3ca5af4?f=__disk__b7%2Fce%2Fee%2Fb7ceee404ebbc37e014be1ac9098088824e00443\">U.S. Geological Survey</a>. Source: October 31, 2023. Checked: October 27, 2026.</span> <span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/file/get/63adc826d34e92aad3ca5af4?f=__disk__da%2Fd9%2F78%2Fdad9784363a86225e69035d9b8c7ef7a8d99da02\">U.S. Geological Survey</a>. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 27, 2026.</span> <span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/item/63adc826d34e92aad3ca5af4?format=json\">U.S. Geological Survey</a>. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 27, 2026.</span> <p class=\"layer-scope\">Historical2020 USGS model-assigned cooling-system categories within the958 reviewed plant-year rows. Counts are model rows,not separate cooling systems or complete state facility counts. Complex means more than one cooling system type;do not distribute Complex rows among other categories. Once-through fresh and saline are literal source categories;do not classify all other categories as freshwater. Withdrawal sums are modeled annual-mean million gallons/day,not consumption,discharge,permits or available supply. A category with no selected rows has a calculated count and sum of zero within this dataset,not evidence of no statewide physical use. All five mutually exclusive model categories partition these rows;saline consumption remains unmodeled and is not inferred from withdrawals. No source coordinates,Native joins,facility or data center allocation. Locator: Calculated sum of wd_mgd for NV YEAR2020 exact coolingType=Recirculating Tower.</p></dd><dt>Thermo2020 cooling once fresh rows</dt><dd>0 plant-year rows<span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/file/get/63adc826d34e92aad3ca5af4?f=__disk__b7%2Fce%2Fee%2Fb7ceee404ebbc37e014be1ac9098088824e00443\">U.S. Geological Survey</a>. Source: October 31, 2023. Checked: October 27, 2026.</span> <span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/file/get/63adc826d34e92aad3ca5af4?f=__disk__da%2Fd9%2F78%2Fdad9784363a86225e69035d9b8c7ef7a8d99da02\">U.S. Geological Survey</a>. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 27, 2026.</span> <span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/item/63adc826d34e92aad3ca5af4?format=json\">U.S. Geological Survey</a>. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 27, 2026.</span> <p class=\"layer-scope\">Historical2020 USGS model-assigned cooling-system categories within the958 reviewed plant-year rows. Counts are model rows,not separate cooling systems or complete state facility counts. Complex means more than one cooling system type;do not distribute Complex rows among other categories. Once-through fresh and saline are literal source categories;do not classify all other categories as freshwater. Withdrawal sums are modeled annual-mean million gallons/day,not consumption,discharge,permits or available supply. A category with no selected rows has a calculated count and sum of zero within this dataset,not evidence of no statewide physical use. All five mutually exclusive model categories partition these rows;saline consumption remains unmodeled and is not inferred from withdrawals. No source coordinates,Native joins,facility or data center allocation. Locator: Calculated count of NV YEAR2020 rows with exact coolingType=Once-through fresh.</p></dd><dt>Thermo2020 cooling once fresh withdrawal</dt><dd>0.00 million gallons per day<span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/file/get/63adc826d34e92aad3ca5af4?f=__disk__b7%2Fce%2Fee%2Fb7ceee404ebbc37e014be1ac9098088824e00443\">U.S. Geological Survey</a>. Source: October 31, 2023. Checked: October 27, 2026.</span> <span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/file/get/63adc826d34e92aad3ca5af4?f=__disk__da%2Fd9%2F78%2Fdad9784363a86225e69035d9b8c7ef7a8d99da02\">U.S. Geological Survey</a>. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 27, 2026.</span> <span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/item/63adc826d34e92aad3ca5af4?format=json\">U.S. Geological Survey</a>. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 27, 2026.</span> <p class=\"layer-scope\">Historical2020 USGS model-assigned cooling-system categories within the958 reviewed plant-year rows. Counts are model rows,not separate cooling systems or complete state facility counts. Complex means more than one cooling system type;do not distribute Complex rows among other categories. Once-through fresh and saline are literal source categories;do not classify all other categories as freshwater. Withdrawal sums are modeled annual-mean million gallons/day,not consumption,discharge,permits or available supply. A category with no selected rows has a calculated count and sum of zero within this dataset,not evidence of no statewide physical use. All five mutually exclusive model categories partition these rows;saline consumption remains unmodeled and is not inferred from withdrawals. No source coordinates,Native joins,facility or data center allocation. Locator: Calculated sum of wd_mgd for NV YEAR2020 exact coolingType=Once-through fresh.</p></dd><dt>Thermo2020 cooling complex rows</dt><dd>1 plant-year rows<span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/file/get/63adc826d34e92aad3ca5af4?f=__disk__b7%2Fce%2Fee%2Fb7ceee404ebbc37e014be1ac9098088824e00443\">U.S. Geological Survey</a>. Source: October 31, 2023. Checked: October 27, 2026.</span> <span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/file/get/63adc826d34e92aad3ca5af4?f=__disk__da%2Fd9%2F78%2Fdad9784363a86225e69035d9b8c7ef7a8d99da02\">U.S. Geological Survey</a>. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 27, 2026.</span> <span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/item/63adc826d34e92aad3ca5af4?format=json\">U.S. Geological Survey</a>. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 27, 2026.</span> <p class=\"layer-scope\">Historical2020 USGS model-assigned cooling-system categories within the958 reviewed plant-year rows. Counts are model rows,not separate cooling systems or complete state facility counts. Complex means more than one cooling system type;do not distribute Complex rows among other categories. Once-through fresh and saline are literal source categories;do not classify all other categories as freshwater. Withdrawal sums are modeled annual-mean million gallons/day,not consumption,discharge,permits or available supply. A category with no selected rows has a calculated count and sum of zero within this dataset,not evidence of no statewide physical use. All five mutually exclusive model categories partition these rows;saline consumption remains unmodeled and is not inferred from withdrawals. No source coordinates,Native joins,facility or data center allocation. Locator: Calculated count of NV YEAR2020 rows with exact coolingType=Complex.</p></dd><dt>Thermo2020 cooling complex withdrawal</dt><dd>0.83 million gallons per day<span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/file/get/63adc826d34e92aad3ca5af4?f=__disk__b7%2Fce%2Fee%2Fb7ceee404ebbc37e014be1ac9098088824e00443\">U.S. Geological Survey</a>. Source: October 31, 2023. Checked: October 27, 2026.</span> <span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/file/get/63adc826d34e92aad3ca5af4?f=__disk__da%2Fd9%2F78%2Fdad9784363a86225e69035d9b8c7ef7a8d99da02\">U.S. Geological Survey</a>. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 27, 2026.</span> <span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/item/63adc826d34e92aad3ca5af4?format=json\">U.S. Geological Survey</a>. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 27, 2026.</span> <p class=\"layer-scope\">Historical2020 USGS model-assigned cooling-system categories within the958 reviewed plant-year rows. Counts are model rows,not separate cooling systems or complete state facility counts. Complex means more than one cooling system type;do not distribute Complex rows among other categories. Once-through fresh and saline are literal source categories;do not classify all other categories as freshwater. Withdrawal sums are modeled annual-mean million gallons/day,not consumption,discharge,permits or available supply. A category with no selected rows has a calculated count and sum of zero within this dataset,not evidence of no statewide physical use. All five mutually exclusive model categories partition these rows;saline consumption remains unmodeled and is not inferred from withdrawals. No source coordinates,Native joins,facility or data center allocation. Locator: Calculated sum of wd_mgd for NV YEAR2020 exact coolingType=Complex.</p></dd><dt>Thermo2020 cooling once saline rows</dt><dd>0 plant-year rows<span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/file/get/63adc826d34e92aad3ca5af4?f=__disk__b7%2Fce%2Fee%2Fb7ceee404ebbc37e014be1ac9098088824e00443\">U.S. Geological Survey</a>. Source: October 31, 2023. Checked: October 27, 2026.</span> <span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/file/get/63adc826d34e92aad3ca5af4?f=__disk__da%2Fd9%2F78%2Fdad9784363a86225e69035d9b8c7ef7a8d99da02\">U.S. Geological Survey</a>. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 27, 2026.</span> <span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/item/63adc826d34e92aad3ca5af4?format=json\">U.S. Geological Survey</a>. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 27, 2026.</span> <p class=\"layer-scope\">Historical2020 USGS model-assigned cooling-system categories within the958 reviewed plant-year rows. Counts are model rows,not separate cooling systems or complete state facility counts. Complex means more than one cooling system type;do not distribute Complex rows among other categories. Once-through fresh and saline are literal source categories;do not classify all other categories as freshwater. Withdrawal sums are modeled annual-mean million gallons/day,not consumption,discharge,permits or available supply. A category with no selected rows has a calculated count and sum of zero within this dataset,not evidence of no statewide physical use. All five mutually exclusive model categories partition these rows;saline consumption remains unmodeled and is not inferred from withdrawals. No source coordinates,Native joins,facility or data center allocation. Locator: Calculated count of NV YEAR2020 rows with exact coolingType=Once-through saline.</p></dd><dt>Thermo2020 cooling once saline withdrawal</dt><dd>0.00 million gallons per day<span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/file/get/63adc826d34e92aad3ca5af4?f=__disk__b7%2Fce%2Fee%2Fb7ceee404ebbc37e014be1ac9098088824e00443\">U.S. Geological Survey</a>. Source: October 31, 2023. Checked: October 27, 2026.</span> <span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/file/get/63adc826d34e92aad3ca5af4?f=__disk__da%2Fd9%2F78%2Fdad9784363a86225e69035d9b8c7ef7a8d99da02\">U.S. Geological Survey</a>. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 27, 2026.</span> <span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/item/63adc826d34e92aad3ca5af4?format=json\">U.S. Geological Survey</a>. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 27, 2026.</span> <p class=\"layer-scope\">Historical2020 USGS model-assigned cooling-system categories within the958 reviewed plant-year rows. Counts are model rows,not separate cooling systems or complete state facility counts. Complex means more than one cooling system type;do not distribute Complex rows among other categories. Once-through fresh and saline are literal source categories;do not classify all other categories as freshwater. Withdrawal sums are modeled annual-mean million gallons/day,not consumption,discharge,permits or available supply. A category with no selected rows has a calculated count and sum of zero within this dataset,not evidence of no statewide physical use. All five mutually exclusive model categories partition these rows;saline consumption remains unmodeled and is not inferred from withdrawals. No source coordinates,Native joins,facility or data center allocation. Locator: Calculated sum of wd_mgd for NV YEAR2020 exact coolingType=Once-through saline.</p></dd><dt>Thermo2020 cooling pond rows</dt><dd>1 plant-year rows<span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/file/get/63adc826d34e92aad3ca5af4?f=__disk__b7%2Fce%2Fee%2Fb7ceee404ebbc37e014be1ac9098088824e00443\">U.S. Geological Survey</a>. Source: October 31, 2023. Checked: October 27, 2026.</span> <span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/file/get/63adc826d34e92aad3ca5af4?f=__disk__da%2Fd9%2F78%2Fdad9784363a86225e69035d9b8c7ef7a8d99da02\">U.S. Geological Survey</a>. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 27, 2026.</span> <span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/item/63adc826d34e92aad3ca5af4?format=json\">U.S. Geological Survey</a>. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 27, 2026.</span> <p class=\"layer-scope\">Historical2020 USGS model-assigned cooling-system categories within the958 reviewed plant-year rows. Counts are model rows,not separate cooling systems or complete state facility counts. Complex means more than one cooling system type;do not distribute Complex rows among other categories. Once-through fresh and saline are literal source categories;do not classify all other categories as freshwater. Withdrawal sums are modeled annual-mean million gallons/day,not consumption,discharge,permits or available supply. A category with no selected rows has a calculated count and sum of zero within this dataset,not evidence of no statewide physical use. All five mutually exclusive model categories partition these rows;saline consumption remains unmodeled and is not inferred from withdrawals. No source coordinates,Native joins,facility or data center allocation. Locator: Calculated count of NV YEAR2020 rows with exact coolingType=Recirculating pond.</p></dd><dt>Thermo2020 cooling pond withdrawal</dt><dd>1.53 million gallons per day<span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/file/get/63adc826d34e92aad3ca5af4?f=__disk__b7%2Fce%2Fee%2Fb7ceee404ebbc37e014be1ac9098088824e00443\">U.S. Geological Survey</a>. Source: October 31, 2023. Checked: October 27, 2026.</span> <span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/file/get/63adc826d34e92aad3ca5af4?f=__disk__da%2Fd9%2F78%2Fdad9784363a86225e69035d9b8c7ef7a8d99da02\">U.S. Geological Survey</a>. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 27, 2026.</span> <span class=\"layer-source\"><a href=\"https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/item/63adc826d34e92aad3ca5af4?format=json\">U.S. Geological Survey</a>. Source: Publication date not stated. Checked: October 27, 2026.</span> <p class=\"layer-scope\">Historical2020 USGS model-assigned cooling-system categories within the958 reviewed plant-year rows. Counts are model rows,not separate cooling systems or complete state facility counts. Complex means more than one cooling system type;do not distribute Complex rows among other categories. Once-through fresh and saline are literal source categories;do not classify all other categories as freshwater. Withdrawal sums are modeled annual-mean million gallons/day,not consumption,discharge,permits or available supply. A category with no selected rows has a calculated count and sum of zero within this dataset,not evidence of no statewide physical use. All five mutually exclusive model categories partition these rows;saline consumption remains unmodeled and is not inferred from withdrawals. No source coordinates,Native joins,facility or data center allocation. Locator: Calculated sum of wd_mgd for NV YEAR2020 exact coolingType=Recirculating pond.</p></dd></dl></article>"}]}